Download or read book Factors Affecting Condom use Behaviors Among Female Emerging Adults in South Korea written by Jungmin Lee and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Emerging adulthood is a life stage of people between 18 and 25 years and represents a period where people transition from adolescence to adulthood, involving physical, mental, and social changes. In early adulthood, the value system related to sexuality is not fully established, which may increase people's vulnerability when making subjective judgments or choices regarding their sexual behaviors. Additionally, during this period, they often have their first experience of sexual intercourse and engage in sexual activities. Also, they act in the moment, and their sexual urges are stronger than those of people in other age groups. In South Korea, the number of new STD and HIV infection has continued to increase from 2012 to 2016, especially among people in their 20s. From 2015 to 2017, unprotected sex was the most common route of transmission for new HIV cases among young people. In 2014, the prevalence of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and HIV was highest in people between 19 and 34 years old. Additionally, of all newly diagnosed HIV cases in 2017, 33.7% were in their 20s, and this group accounted for the highest proportion. Strategies to address problems related to STD and HIV transmission depend primarily on prevention. Among various contraceptive methods for those in their 20s, the male condom is used most often. Male condoms are considered to be cost-effective, readily accessible, and 85% effective at preventing STDs and HIV. However, condom use has been found to be very low among young people in South Korea. Previous studies showed that about 50-80% of emerging adults still do not use condoms during sexual intercourse. Based on the literature review, several gaps exist. First, structured sex education tailored to emerging adults is not common in South Korea. Second, there is a limited number of studies examining the components for predicting condom use behaviors among South Korean emerging adults. Third, no study exists that explores the association between gender-driven power dynamics and the decision-making process for condom use in the South Korean context. Therefore, this study aimed to identify predictors of condom use behaviors among female emerging adults in South Korea. This investigation draws on theoretical concepts used in the Theory of Gender and Power (TGP), which includes sexual double standards, sexual assertiveness, and sexual security, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), which considers attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and barriers (in this case toward condom use). Participants were 170 sexually active, unmarried, heterosexual female college students aged 18-25 years (mean age = 20.97 ± 1.76 years) exclusively in South Korea. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 25 and December 5, 2019, using Qualtrics software. Fifteen items were measured on participants' demographic characteristics, including their sexual experience. Next, sexual double standards were measured using the 10-item, 5-point-Likert Double Standard Scale (DSS). Low scores suggest an open and progressive gender standard and a positive outlook on gender equity. Third, sexual assertiveness was measured using the 18-item, 4-point-Likert Sexual Assertiveness Scale (SAS). Higher scores indicate a high ability to initiate sex if desire, refuse unwanted sexual practice or contact, and negotiate condom use to prevent pregnancies and STDs. Fourth, sexual security was measured using the 5-item, 7-point-Likert Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction Scale (GMSEX), cross-culturally translated into Korean to measure participants' overall sexual satisfaction. Higher scores indicate high sexual satisfaction during sexual relationships. Lastly, their sexual risk-taking behavior was measured using the cross-culturally translated Sexual Risk Behavior Belief and Self-efficacy scale (SRBBS) to measure participants' attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and barriers toward condom use. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for general characteristics, general sex-related information, predictors, and condom-use behaviors; Spearman's rho was used to determine relationships among predictors. Gamma regression was applied to determine the factors affecting condom use. About half (45.9%) of participants indicated that they always used condoms during sexual intercourse. The sexual double standards score was low (M = 15.62, SD = 4.93), indicating open and progressive gender standards, and a positive outlook on gender equality. Scores for sexual assertiveness (M = 60.79, SD = 4.56), attitude (M = 13.98, SD = 2.26), subjective norms (M = 13.82, SD = 2.44), and barriers toward condom use (M = 6.06, SD = 1.92) were moderate. These results suggest participants' moderate ability to (a) initiate sex if desired; (b) refuse unwanted sexual practices or contact; (c) negotiate condom use to prevent pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases; (d) abstain from risky sexual behaviors; and (e) purchase or carry a condom. Lastly, sexual security (M = 27.46, SD = 5.43) and self-efficacy toward condom use scores were high (M = 22.48, SD = 3.08), indicating that participants had high sexual satisfaction during sexual relationships and a strong intention to abstain from risky sexual behaviors. Results showed that sexual double standards and attitudes toward condom use were significantly positively associated with condom-use behaviors among female college students. In particular, attitudes toward condom use was the stronger predictor of condom use behaviors than sexual double standards. A significant implication of this study is the need for new approaches to addressing condom use in female emerging adults in South Korea. Such approaches should be informed by gender dynamics and should have cultural and social relevance for South Korean society. The current findings inform future interventions tailored to the population to promote condom use and thus preventing STDs/HIV, unwanted pregnancies, abortions, and other negative consequences in female emerging adults in South Korea."--Abstract from author supplied metadata

Download or read book Designing and Conducting Gender Sex and Health Research written by John L. Oliffe and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first textbook dedicated to critically examining gender and sex in study designs, methods, and analysis in health research. In order to produce ethical, accurate, and effective research findings it is vital to integrate both sex (biological characteristics) and gender (socially constructed factors) into any health study. This book draws attention to some of the methodological complexities in this enterprise and offers ways to thoughtfully address these by drawing on empirical examples across a range of topics and disciplines. Designing and Conducting Gender, Sex, and Health Research is an invaluable resource for students undertaking research in health sciences, medicine, nursing, gender studies, women′s studies, epidemiology, health policy, psychology, and sociology. From John L. Oliffe and Lorraine Greaves:

Download or read book The Best Intentions written by Committee on Unintended Pregnancy and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-06-16 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts estimate that nearly 60 percent of all U.S. pregnancies--and 81 percent of pregnancies among adolescents--are unintended. Yet the topic of preventing these unintended pregnancies has long been treated gingerly because of personal sensitivities and public controversies, especially the angry debate over abortion. Additionally, child welfare advocates long have overlooked the connection between pregnancy planning and the improved well-being of families and communities that results when children are wanted. Now, current issues--health care and welfare reform, and the new international focus on population--are drawing attention to the consequences of unintended pregnancy. In this climate The Best Intentions offers a timely exploration of family planning issues from a distinguished panel of experts. This committee sheds much-needed light on the questions and controversies surrounding unintended pregnancy. The book offers specific recommendations to put the United States on par with other developed nations in terms of contraceptive attitudes and policies, and it considers the effectiveness of over 20 pregnancy prevention programs. The Best Intentions explores problematic definitions--"unintended" versus "unwanted" versus "mistimed"--and presents data on pregnancy rates and trends. The book also summarizes the health and social consequences of unintended pregnancies, for both men and women, and for the children they bear. Why does unintended pregnancy occur? In discussions of "reasons behind the rates," the book examines Americans' ambivalence about sexuality and the many other social, cultural, religious, and economic factors that affect our approach to contraception. The committee explores the complicated web of peer pressure, life aspirations, and notions of romance that shape an individual's decisions about sex, contraception, and pregnancy. And the book looks at such practical issues as the attitudes of doctors toward birth control and the place of contraception in both health insurance and "managed care." The Best Intentions offers frank discussion, synthesis of data, and policy recommendations on one of today's most sensitive social topics. This book will be important to policymakers, health and social service personnel, foundation executives, opinion leaders, researchers, and concerned individuals. May

Download or read book Sexuality in Adolescence written by Susan Moore and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-01-24 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Susan Moore and Doreen Rosenthal review current work on adolescent sexual development, including data from their own studes on sexual risk-taking, and the social contexts in which young people form their sexual beliefs.

Download or read book Reports on HIV AIDS written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Voice and Agency written by Jeni Klugman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-09-29 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite recent advances in important aspects of the lives of girls and women, pervasive challenges remain. These challenges reflect widespread deprivations and constraints and include epidemic levels of gender-based violence and discriminatory laws and norms that prevent women from owning property, being educated, and making meaningful decisions about their own lives--such as whether and when to marry or have children. These often violate their most basic rights and are magnified and multiplied by poverty and lack of education. This groundbreaking book distills vast data and hundreds of studies to shed new light on deprivations and constraints facing the voice and agency of women and girls worldwide, and on the associated costs for individuals, families, communities, and global development. The volume presents major new findings about the patterns of constraints and overlapping deprivations and focuses on several areas key to women s empowerment: freedom from violence, sexual and reproductive health and rights, ownership of land and housing, and voice and collective action. It highlights promising reforms and interventions from around the world and lays out an urgent agenda for governments, civil society, development agencies, and other stakeholders, including a call for greater investment in data and knowledge to benchmark progress.

Download or read book The Teen Years Explained written by Clea McNeely and published by Jayne Blanchard. This book was released on 2010-05 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide incorporates the latest scientific findings about physical, emotional, cognitive, identity formation, sexual and spiritual development in adolescent, with tips and strategies on how to use this information inreal-life situations involving teens.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and published by Oxford Library of Psychology. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen years ago, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett proposed emerging adulthood as a new life stage at ages 18-29, one distinct from both the adolescence that precedes it and the young adulthood that eventually follows. Rather than marrying and becoming parents in their early 20s, most people in developed countries now postpone these transitions until at least their late 20s, spending these years in self-focused explorations as they try out different possibilities in their education, careers, and relationships. Since Arnett proposed his theory of emerging adulthood in 2000, it has turned into a full-fledged academic field, and the ideas have been applied in practical areas as well, such as mental health and education. The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood brings together for the first time the wealth of theory and research that has developed in this new and burgeoning field. It includes chapters by many prominent scholars on a wide range of topics, such as brain development, relations with friends, relations with parents, expectations for marriage, sexual relationships, media use, substance use and abuse, and resilience. The chapters both summarize the existing research and point the way to new prospects for research in the years to come.

Download or read book Contraceptive Research and Development written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-11-04 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "contraceptive revolution" of the 1960s and 1970s introduced totally new contraceptive options and launched an era of research and product development. Yet by the late 1980s, conditions had changed and improvements in contraceptive products, while very important in relation to improved oral contraceptives, IUDs, implants, and injectables, had become primarily incremental. Is it time for a second contraceptive revolution and how might it happen? Contraceptive Research and Development explores the frontiers of science where the contraceptives of the future are likely to be found and lays out criteria for deciding where to make the next R&D investments. The book comprehensively examines today's contraceptive needs, identifies "niches" in those needs that seem most readily translatable into market terms, and scrutinizes issues that shape the market: method side effects and contraceptive failure, the challenge of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, and the implications of the "women's agenda." Contraceptive Research and Development analyzes the response of the pharmaceutical industry to current dynamics in regulation, liability, public opinion, and the economics of the health sector and offers an integrated set of recommendations for public- and private-sector action to meet a whole new generation of demand.

Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 2324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.

Download or read book Communicating Health written by Nova Corcoran and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communication skills are essential to effective health promotion and public health practice. This textbook bridges the gap between health communication theory and health promotion and public health practice. It provides students and practitioners with the knowledge and skills they need to design, plan, implement and evaluate programmes and campaigns. Now in its second edition, topics covered in the book include: - Mass media - Diverse audiences - Evaluation - Media analysis - Campaign monitoring Case studies and interactive activities in each chapter encourage critical thinking and creative campaign design practice. It will be a valuable resource for students, lecturers and practitioners working across health promotion, public health, communication, media, healthcare and nursing fields. Nova Corcoran works as a Senior Lecturer in public health and health promotion at the University of Glamorgan.

Download or read book Adolescents and risk written by Silvia Bonino and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This informative and useful volume provides a substantial contribution to the understanding of adolescent risk behavior. The book combines theoretical analysis and the findings of a broad-based research project, with accessible presentation throughout.

Download or read book Handbook of Cultural Health Psychology written by Shahe S. Kazarian and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-08-24 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Cultural Health Psychology discusses the influence of cultural beliefs, norms and values on illness, health and health care. The major health problems that are confronting the global village are discussed from a cultural perspective. These include heart disease, cancer, HIV/AIDS, pain, and suicide. The cultural beliefs and practices of several cultural groups and the unique health issues confronting them are also presented. The cultural groups discussed include Latinos, Aboriginal peoples, people of African heritage, and South Asians. The handbook contributes to increased personal awareness of the role of culture in health and illness behavior, and to the delivery of culturally relevant health care services. - Many societies are culturally diverse or becoming so - the cultural approach is a unique and necessary addition to the health psychology area - Satisfies the ever-increasing appetite of health psychologists for cultural issues in health and women's health issues - Major and global health concerns are covered including heart disease, cancer, HIV/AIDS, pain, suicide, and health promotion - The health beliefs and practices of Latinos, people of African heritage, Aboriginal peoples, and South Asians are presented without stereotyping these cultural groups - The handbook provides excellent information for health care researchers, practitioners, students, and policy-makers in culturally pluralistic communities - References are thorough and completely up-to-date

Download or read book Plugged in written by Patti M. Valkenburg and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Youth and Media -- 2 Then and Now -- 3 Themes and Theoretical Perspectives -- 4 Infants, Toddlers, and Preschoolers -- 5 Children -- 6 Adolescents -- 7 Media and Violence -- 8 Media and Emotions -- 9 Advertising and Commercialism -- 10 Media and Sex -- 11 Media and Education -- 12 Digital Games -- 13 Social Media -- 14 Media and Parenting -- 15 The End -- Notes -- Acknowledgments -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z

Download or read book Sexual Teens Sexual Media written by Jane D. Brown and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2001-11-01 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection explores the sexual content of U.S. mass media and its influence in the lives of adolescents. Contributors address the topic of sexuality broadly, including evidence not only about physical sex acts, but also about the role the media play in the development of gender roles, standards of beauty, courtship, and relationship norms. Chapters included here present new perspectives on what teens are paying attention to in the media, and offer insight into how teens are understanding and applying what the media present about sex and sexuality. Employing various methodological approaches, the studies also represent a diversity of adolescent audiences and deal with a wide variety of media content, ranging from teens' favorite TV programs to magazines, movies, music, and teen girls' Web pages. Taken as a whole, this volume highlights the significant roles the media play in adolescents' sexual lives. Sexual Teens, Sexual Media contributes important evidence to the ongoing debate over media effects, making it essential reading for scholars and students in media studies, as well as social and developmental psychology.

Download or read book Sexual Behaviour and HIV AIDS in Europe written by Michel Hubert and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1998 Sexual Behaviour and HIV/AIDS in Europe is detailed study comparing the major population surveys on sexual behaviour and HIV/AIDS carried out in Europe at the time of publication. Leading European researchers explore the differences and similarities between European countries in patterns of sexual behaviour and responses to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. As well as providing an empirical and methodological base for future research, the comparative analyses lead researchers, policy makers, health-educators and the media to new insights and a deeper understanding of issues that are of central concern in many countries. The chapters include discussion of data on sexual initiation, homosexual and bisexual behaviour, sexual practices, sexual partners, risk behaviour, STDs, preventive practices, the normative context, knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS. The book results from a major European Concerted Action, funded by the European Union Biomedical and Health Research programme (BIOMED), and coordinated by the Centre d'Etudes Sociologiques of the Facultes Universitaires Saint-Louis, Brussels, Belgium. It follows Sexual Interactions and HIV Risk, published in 1997.

Download or read book Hooking Up written by Kathleen A. Bogle and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breaking through many misconceptions about casual sex on college campuses, Hooking Up is the first book to understand the new sexual culture on its own terms, with vivid real-life stories of young men and women as they navigate the newest sexual revolution.