Download or read book Fabrication of Polyelectrolyte Nanoparticles Through Hydrophobic Interactions written by Ruginn Catarata and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: Nanoparticles, polyelectrolytes, hydrogel, drug delivery, pancreatic cancer

Download or read book Polyelectrolytes and Nanoparticles written by Joachim Koetz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-20 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This lab manual guides chemists through demonstrations of synergistic effects between polyelectrolytes and nanoparticles. After a short introduction into the field of polyelectrolytes and polyelectrolyte characterization, the book discusses the role of polyelectrolytes in the process of nanoparticle formation. The book also explains methods for characterization of the polyelectrolyte-modified nanoparticles.

Download or read book Interactions Between Polyelectrolytes on a Surface in Aqueous Solutions and Nanocomposites written by Sandrine Lteif and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interactions of charged polymers, polyelectrolytes, on surfaces and in solution have gained a lot of attention throughout the years. Depositing alternating layers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes forms multilayers, PEMUs. Their association in solution leads to phase separations forming materials termed polyelectrolyte complexes, PECs. The repeat unit of the oppositely charged polyelectrolyte can be varied. The functional group linked to the repeat units dictates the strength of ion pairing. Their self-assembly in solution creates polymer nanoparticles and, in a network, produces polymer nanocomposites. These materials have been used for a variety of applications such as coatings, electronic devices, and drug delivery systems. Adding a certain salt concentration to the material can influence the polymer/polymer interaction within the complex. This work features three main interfaces at which polyelectrolyte interactions were studied: on a substrate through PEMUs, in solution through polymer nanoparticles and in nanocomposites. The pairing strength of a polythiouronium polyelectrolyte having a positively charged thiouronium group, like the guanidinium, was evaluated by the formation of PEMUs at various salt concentrations. Polyguanidiniums such as polyarginine are known to form like-charge ion pairings and hydrogen bonding. The same unusual characteristics cause the strong interactions of the polythiouronium with polyanions. High concentrations of salt dissociated the strong polythiouronium/polyanions complexes. The polythiouronium was selected to seek another example of a strong polycation and to form a PEMU with polyzwitterions, which are known for their weakly interacting strength and net-neutral charge. The second interface consists of the self-assembly of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with positively charged end groups in solution, and as a nanofiller, in a nanocomposite. Polydimethylsiloxane is biocompatible and highly hydrophobic; however, when self-assembled exhibits poor stability and tends to collapse. Introducing a glassy shell of polystyrene sulfonate enhances the stability of these polymer nanoparticles and improves the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite which exhibited thermal resistance. Using x-ray scattering and atomic force microscopy, the nanocomposite's unique morphology was deduced. Its hydrophobic properties were probed using a solvatochromic dye and were used to encapsulate inorganic nanoparticles. The gold nanoparticles are hydrophobically capped and they appeared to be encapsulated within the PDMS core. Their assembly was studied by x-ray scattering in the presence of a PSS shell in solution and the loading capability of the nanoparticle was determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The newly formed material is a novel polymer nanoparticle/polymer nanocomposite that takes advantage of the PDMS malleability and biocompatibility. The nanoparticle can thus be used for biological applications such as bio-imaging and sensing. The last section compares the interactions of different polycations with lipid layers (monolayer or bilayer) to mimic the mechanism of surface sterilization. The functional group varied between a primary or tertiary ammonium, a guanidinium and two different thiouronium groups. Ammoniums are known for their ability to disrupt lipid bilayers and for their use in disinfectants. Polyarginine, a strong positively charged polymer, is recognized for its cell-penetrating ability due to its unique salt-bridge like interactions. Radioactive unilamellar phosphocholine vesicles were prepared and used to deposit a monolayer on a hydrophobic scintillator and a bilayer on a hydrophilic one. The interactions of the layers and the deposition were monitored by radiocounting. Polyarginine and the polymer with a higher composition of a hydrophobic thiouronium exhibited the strongest interactions. These investigations of the interactions between polyelectrolytes at different interfaces serve as a guide to design a variety of functional materials. Understanding the structure-property polymer relationship allows the build-up of materials with tuned properties.

Download or read book Multilayer Thin Films written by Gero Decher and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2003-03-07 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyelectrolyte multilayers, an Overview; Fundamentals of polyelectrolyte complexes in solution and the bulk; Polyelectrolyte adsorption and multilayer formation; Charge balance and transport in polyelectrolyte multilayers; Ph- controlled fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayers: assembly and applications; Recent progress in the surface sol-gel process and protein multilayers; Internally structured polyelectrolyte multilayers; Layer-by-layer assembly of nanoparticles and nanocolloids: intermolecular interactions, structure and materials perspectives; Layer-by-layer self assembled polyelectrolytes and nanoplatelets; Chemistry directed deposition via electrostatic and secondary interactions: a nonlithographic approach to patterned polyelectrolyte multilayer systems; Layered nanoarchitetures based on electro and photo active building blocks: Coated colloids; Smart capsules; Multilayers on solid planar substrates: from structure to function; Functional layer-by-layer assemblies with photo and electrochemical response and selective transport of small molecules and ions; self-assembled and characterization of electro optic materials; Controlling the ion permeability of layered polyelectrolyte films and membranes.

Download or read book Biomaterials Fabrication and Processing Handbook written by Paul K. Chu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-03-27 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on a variety of production and processing aspects of the latest biomaterials. It discusses how scaffolds are used in tissue engineering and describes common implant materials, such as hard tissue, blood contacting, and soft tissue. The book also examines the important role nanotechnology plays in the preparation of drugs, protein delivery, tissue engineering, cardiovascular biomaterials, hard tissue replacements, biosensors, and bio-MEMS. With contributions from renowned international experts and extensive reference lists in each chapter, this book provides detailed, practical information to produce biomaterials and employ them in biomedicine.

Download or read book Fabrication of Functional Nanostructures Using Polyelectrolyte Nanocomposites and Reduced Graphene Oxide Assemblies written by Anindarupa Chunder and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide variety of nanomaterials ranging from polymer assemblies to organic and inorganic nanostructures (particles, wires, rods etc) have been actively pursued in recent years for various applications. The synthesis route of these nanomaterials had been driven through two fundamental approaches--'Top down' and 'Bottom up'. The key aspect of their application remained in the ability to make the nanomaterials suitable for targeted location by manipulating their structure and functionalizing with active target groups. Functional nanomaterials like polyelectrolyte based multilayered thin films, nanofibres and graphene based composite materials are highlighted in the current research. Multilayer thin films were fabricated by conventional dip coating and newly developed spray coating techniques. Spray coating technique has an advantage of being applied for large scale production as compared to the dip coating technique. Conformal hydrophobic/hydrophilic and superhydrophobic/hydrophilic thermal switchable surfaces were fabricated with multilayer films of poly(allylaminehydrochloride) (PAH) and silica nanoparticles by the dip coating technique, followed by the functionalization with thermosensitive polymer-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)(PNIPAAM) and perfluorosilane. The thermally switchable superhydrophobic/ hydrophilic polymer patch was integrated in a microfluidic channel to act as a stop valve. At 70 °C, the valve was superhydrophobic and stopped the water flow (close status) while at room temperature, the patch became hydrophilic, and allowed the flow (open status). Spray-coated multilayered film of poly(allylaminehydrochloride) (PAH) and silica nanoparticles was fabricated on polycarbonate substrate as an anti-reflection (AR) coating. The adhesion between the substrate and the coating was enhanced by treating the polycarbonate surface with aminopropyltrimethoxylsilane (APTS) and sol-gel. The coating was finally made abrasion-resistant with a further sol-gel treatment on top of AR coating, which formed a hard thin scratch-resistant film on the coating. The resultant AR coating could reduce the reflection from 5 to 0.3% on plastic. Besides multilayered films, the fabrication of polyelectrolyte based electrospun nanofibers was also explored. Ultrathin nanofibers comprising 2-weak polyelectrolytes, poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly(allylaminehydrochloride) (PAH) were fabricated using the electrospinning technique and methylene blue (MB) was used as a model drug to evaluate the potential application of the fibers for drug delivery. The release of MB was controlled in a nonbuffered medium by changing the pH of the solution. Temperature controlled release of MB was obtained by depositing temperature sensitive PAA/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM) multilayers onto the fiber surfaces. The sustained release of MB in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution was achieved by constructing perfluorosilane networks on the fiber surfaces as capping layers. The fiber was also loaded with a real life anti-depressant drug (2,3-tertbutyl-4-methoxyphenol) and fiber surface was made superhydrophobic. The drug loaded superhydrophobic nanofiber mat was immersed under water, phosphate buffer saline and surfactant solutions in three separated experiments. The rate of release of durg was monitored from the fiber surface as a result of wetting with different solutions. Time dependent wetting of the superhydrophobic surface and consequently the release of drug was studied with different concentrations of surfactant solutions. The results provided important information about the underwater superhydrophobicity and retention time of drug in the nanofibers. The nanostructured polymers like nanowires, nanoribbons and nanorods had several other applications too, based on their structure. Different self-assembled structures of semiconducting polymers showed improved properties based on their architectures. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) supramolecular structures were fabricated on P3HT-dispersed reduced graphene oxide (RGO) nanosheets. P3HT was used to disperse RGO in hot anisole/N, N-dimethylformamide solvents, and the polymer formed nanowires on RGO surfaces through a RGO induced crystallization process. The Raman spectroscopy confirmed the interaction between P3HT and RGO, which allowed the manipulation of the composite's electrical properties. Such a bottom-up approach provided interesting information about graphene-based composites and inspired to study the interaction between RGO and the molecular semiconductor-tetrasulphonate salt of copper phthalocyanine (TSCuPc) for nanometer-scale electronics. The reduction of graphene oxide in presence of TSCuPc produced a highly stabilized aqueous composite ink with monodispersed graphene sheets. To demonstrate the potential application of the donor (TSCuPc)--acceptor (graphene) composite, the RGO/TSCuPc suspension was successfully incorporated in a thin film device and the optoelectronic property was measured. The conductivity (dark current) of the composite film decreased compared to that of pure graphene due to the donor molecule incorporation, but the photoconductivity and photoresponsivity increased to an appreciable extent. The property of the composite film overall improved with thermal annealing and optimum loading of TSCuPc molecules.

Download or read book Effects of Hydrophobic Interactions in Aqueous Solutions of Polyelectrolyte written by S. Mifune and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Responsive Polymer Surfaces written by Danqing Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting an integrated approach, this book covers experiments, theory, and emerging applications. In the first part surfaces are described that change from flat to either a random corrugated or to a well-structured structure, while the second part deals with those surface structures integrated in the coating surface where the structures change their shape or dimension when addressed by an external trigger. A variety of materials are addressed, including liquid crystal polymers, hydrogels, hard acrylates, and soft silicones. The whole is rounded off by a discussion of various applications, including surface controlled flows in microfluidic systems. Of interest to chemists and engineers, researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working in the paint industry and hydrodynamics.

Download or read book Polymeric Nanoparticles as a Promising Tool for Anti cancer Therapeutics written by Prashant Kesharwani and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymeric Nanoparticles as Promising Tool for Anti-cancer Therapeutics provides an understanding of polymeric compounds and their use in cancer therapies. The book begins by giving an overview of the current status, future challenges and potential utilization of polymeric nanoparticles. It then covers specific polymeric nanoparticles through contributions from world-renowned experts and researchers. Chapters examine specific polymeric nanoparticles, their development as potential targeted delivery systems, and cancer characteristics that can be targeted for therapy development. The book synthesizes current research trends in the field, thus enhancing existing knowledge of nanomedicine, drug delivery and therapeutic intervention strategies in human cancers. Users will find this to be an ideal reference for research scientists and those in the pharmaceutical and medical fields who are working to develop novel cancer therapies using nanoparticle-based delivery systems. Explores the development of polymeric nanoparticle systems for the purpose of cancer therapy Presents thoroughly analyzed data and results regarding the usage of polymeric nanoparticles-based platforms for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer Highlights various cancer characteristics that can be targeted for therapeutic development using polymeric nanoparticles

Download or read book Biopolymer Nanostructures for Food Encapsulation Purposes written by Seid Mahdi Jafari and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biopolymer Nanostructures for Food Encapsulation Purposes, a volume in the Nanoencapsulation in the Food Industry series, guides readers on how to fabricate and apply nanostructures from different proteins, carbohydrates and chemical sources for food encapsulation purposes. This book covers recent and applied research in all disciplines of bioactive and nutrient delivery. Chapters emphasize original results relating to experimental, theoretical, formulations and/or applications of nano-structured biopolymers. Includes updated applications of biopolymer nanostructures from different protein, carbohydrate and chemical sources Discloses the current knowledge and potential of biopolymer nanostructures Brings the novel applications of biopolymer nanostructures for the development of bioactive delivery systems together

Download or read book Design and Applications of Nanostructured Polymer Blends and Nanocomposite Systems written by Sabu Thomas and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Design and Applications of Nanostructured Polymer Blend and Nanocomposite Systems offers readers an intelligent, thorough introduction to the design and applications of this new generation of designer polymers with customized properties. The book assembles and covers, in a unified way, the state-of-the-art developments of this less explored type of material. With a focus on nanostructured polymer blends, the book discusses the science of nanostructure formation and the potential performance benefits of nanostructured polymer blends and composites for applications across many sectors: electronics, coatings, adhesives, energy (photovoltaics), aerospace, automotive, and medical devices (biocompatible polymers). The book also describes the design, morphology, and structure of nanostructured polymer composites and blends to achieve specific properties. Covers all important information for designing and selecting the right nanostructured polymer system Provides specialized knowledge on self-repairing, nanofibre and nanostructured multiphase materials, as well as evaluation and testing of nanostructured polymer systems Serves as a reference guide for development of new products in industries ranging from electronics, coatings, and energy, to transport and medical applications Describes the design, morphology, and structure of nanostructured polymer composites and blends to achieve specific properties

Download or read book Chemical Physics of Thin Film Deposition Processes for Micro and Nano Technologies written by Y. Pauleau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An up-to-date collection of tutorial papers on the latest advances in the deposition and growth of thin films for micro and nano technologies. The emphasis is on fundamental aspects, principles and applications of deposition techniques used for the fabrication of micro and nano devices. The deposition of thin films is described, emphasising the gas phase and surface chemistry and its effects on the growth rates and properties of films. Gas-phase phenomena, surface chemistry, growth mechanisms and the modelling of deposition processes are thoroughly described and discussed to provide a clear understanding of the growth of thin films and microstructures via thermally activated, laser induced, photon assisted, ion beam assisted, and plasma enhanced vapour deposition processes. A handbook for engineers and scientists and an introduction for students of microelectronics.

Download or read book Alginate Biomaterial written by Sougata Jana and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on recent trends of research on alginate-based biomaterials in Drug Delivery strategies and biomedical engineering. It contains the widely used alginate-based biomaterials as micro to nano-controlled drug delivery (oral, ocular delivery, topical delivery, etc.) and its fabrication technology, characterization, and biomedical aspects (such as cancer therapy, tissue engineering, gene delivery, vaccine delivery, enzyme immobilization, wound healing, dental applications, etc.) in a single book. The chapters cover updated information, current research trends, informatics, and all aspects of applications. Alginate is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved natural biomaterial and has diverse biomedical applications. In recent years, researchers and scientists are working on the alginate-based drug delivery systems that have been designed and characterized as a matrix, micro to nanocarriers, fibers, composite/scaffolds, etc. Alginate has versatile properties such as biodegradable, biocompatible, nontoxic, and easily available. This book especially highlights both the drug delivery strategies and biomedical engineering aspects such as controlled drug delivery, drug targeting to the site of action, cancer therapy, gene and vaccine delivery, enzyme immobilization, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine.

Download or read book Polymer Capsules written by Ye Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-10 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are one of the most versatile and important materials used for capsule preparation despite various others available. Suitably formulated capsules can securely protect ingredients, deliver them to targeted sites, and release them expeditiously, improving functions and minimizing adverse effects. New polymers are constantly being explored to develop more efficient capsules as they are routinely used in pharmaceuticals, consumer healthcare products, nutrients, and food. This book focuses on the current state of the art of polymer-based capsules and delivery systems. It describes the formulation processes of capsules developed from redox-responsive polymers and polymer-functionalized carbon nanotubes, in addition to shedding light on coacervation of polymers for encapsulation. It reviews different active ingredients that can be used with polymer capsules in various products, encapsulation of essential oils using such capsules, and development of polymer capsules of cells and bacteriophages.

Download or read book Nanocomposites of Polymers and Inorganic Nanoparticles written by Walter Remo Caseri and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-25 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue deals with the fascinating material class of nanocomposites consisting of extremely small particles (nanoparticles) which are embedded in polymers. Such materials are of paramount interest in various disciplines, especially chemistry, physics, biomedicine and materials science. Due to the diversity of the components of nanocomposites, they provide a broad spectrum of material properties and applications. The versatility of nanocomposites is indeed reflected by the research covered in this Special Issue. The field of nanocomposites includes innovative science and a source of inspiration for currently relevant economic topics as well as for envisaged technologies of the future. Indeed, this volume alludes to strategies for the preparation of nanocomposites and possibilities for a variety of applications, such as catalytic reactions, gas barriers, high refractive index materials, corrosion protection, electromagnetic inference (EMI) shielding, lithium ion batteries, tissue engineering and plastic surgery.

Download or read book Fabrication and characterisation of multilayer thin film using self assembly of colloidal gold and silica nanoparticles written by Zaheer Abbas Khan and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-06-20 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2011 in the subject Materials Science, Asian Insitute of Technology, language: English, abstract: A novel approach of multilayered thin film based on layer-by-layer deposition using colloidal nanoparticles was carried out in this work. The films were made by the self-assembly of oppositely charged metal and dielectric nanoparticles, alternately capped with polymers. Synthesized colloidal suspensions of gold nanoparticles (~20nm) and silica nanoparticles (~30nm) were used as the building blocks for the self-organisation of the films. Capping with PDDA and chitosan was used effectively to control the optical absorption of the surface plasmon resonance peaks of the gold nanoparticles. Using different combinations of layer formation, absorption characteristics in the near-ultraviolet (NUV), green and blue region were controlled through capping and varying the thickness of the film. Capping with chitosan or PDDA reduced the absorption peak of the coated silica nanoparticles in a similar fashion. Peak absorption in the UV range was achieved by assembling bare silica nanoparticles layers onto layers of gold nanoparticles. Transmission color was controlled (less than 1% color distance per added bi-layer) by changing the film thickness. Optical modeling of multilayer thin films constructed with oppositely charged nanoparticles helped us to understand phenomenon such as surface plasmon resonance, absorbance, transmittance and reflectance. Maxwell-Garnett effective medium theory in this case is applied in quasi-static limit to multilayer composite consisting of host material silica and inclusion material gold nanoparticles. Maxwell Garnett optical simulations is correlated with experimental spectra obtained for the thin film composites. The thickness of layers, size and spacing of metal inclusion is varied to alter the optical properties for the required device applications. The multilayered thin film of gold and silica resembles a structure consisting of large charge sheets of metal separated by a dielectric layer. When the applied electric potential reaches a threshold value, it drives the electrons to tunnel through the charge sheets producing a rectification effect. Therefore current-voltage measurements of the multilayer thin films were performed to calculate the threshold voltages. The electrical capacitance in these multilayer devices was modified with the change in thickness of the dielectric layers between two conducting layers and calculated by capacitance-voltage measurements of multilayer stack. [...]

Download or read book Nanoscale Fabrication Optimization Scale up and Biological Aspects of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology written by Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2017-12-11 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale Fabrication, Optimization, Scale-up and Biological Aspects of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology focuses on the fabrication, optimization, scale-up and biological aspects of pharmaceutical nanotechnology. In particular, the following aspects of nanoparticle preparation methods are discussed: the need for less toxic reagents, simplification of the procedure to allow economic scale-up, and optimization to improve yield and entrapment efficiency. Written by a diverse range of international researchers, the chapters examine characterization and manufacturing of nanomaterials for pharmaceutical applications. Regulatory and policy aspects are also discussed. This book is a valuable reference resource for researchers in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry who want to learn more about how nanomaterials can best be utilized. Shows how nanomanufacturing techniques can help to create more effective, cheaper pharmaceutical products Explores how nanofabrication techniques developed in the lab have been translated to commercial applications in recent years Explains safety and regulatory aspects of the use of nanomanufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical industry