Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Low dimensional Structures for Optoelectronic Device Applications written by Latha Nataraj and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-dimensional structures can be defined as structures and components with novel and improved physical, chemical, and biological properties that result in new phenomena and processes due to their nanoscale size. This work, discusses the fabrication and characterization of low-dimensional structures such as Germanium-rich islands on Silicon, Germanium nanocrystals, Silicon nanomembranes, and quantum dot and quantum well structures made from III-V compounds, that have applications in on-chip and inter-chip optical interconnects, novel photovoltaic devices, and other optoelectronic devices. Silicon-Germanium quantum dots have been receiving considerable attention lately as a means to achieve high-performance hybrid photonics circuitry within CMOS platforms. Strain in Silicon-Germanium heterostructures has shown increased carrier mobility that leads to better performance. Moderate tensile strains in combination with heavy n-type doping have proven to favor direct band-to-band radiative recombination in Germanium, at optical telecommunication wavelengths. Self-assembled doped Germanium islands on Silicon have shown improved light-emission properties at telecommunication wavelengths with higher activation energies and improved ratio of radiative to non-radiative recombination. It is well known that the Stranski-Krastinov growth mode of these islands by molecular-beam-epitaxy is based on the strain due to the 4.2% lattice mismatch between the Germanium and Silicon atoms. Therefore it is extremely important to understand the strain in these structures and their influence on the optical properties of the islands, using various characterization techniques such as Raman spectroscopy, absorption measurements, photoluminescence spectroscopy, temperature-dependent, excitation-intensity-dependent, and time-resolved photoluminescence and spectroscopy. Band-engineered Germanium nanocrystals are considered to be highly promising for Silicon photonics integration due the near-direct band structure of the material. Germanium is fully-compatible with CMOS and the nanocrystals provide stronger confinement than Silicon nanocrystals due to the higher dielectric constant and larger Bohr-radius. In addition, large Germanium nanocrystals provide efficient emission, at room temperature, in the spectral range suitable for optical telecommunications. Fabrication of free-standing Germanium nanocrystals has been successful using a simple and inexpensive process. Their excellent light-emission properties, simple fabrication, and compatibility with standard microelectronic processes make them highly attractive for Silicon photonics integration and it is essential to understand their structural and optical properties. Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution-transmission-electron-microscopy, excitation-intensity-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy, and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy are used to gain insight into the structural properties, strain, photo-emission and recombination mechanisms in these structures. Thin, flexible semiconductor nanoscale membranes are superior platforms for high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices and high-efficiency flexible solar cell designs. Existing processes are extremely complicated and expensive. We develop a simple and inexpensive process for the fabrication of Silicon thin films for application in flexible solar cells. The structural properties are studied with techniques such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Further characterization of optical properties and strain are being contemplated using x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. In addition, this work will discuss the optical characterization of various III-V materials systems such as Gallium-Arsenide/Gallium-Arsenide-Antimonide and Indium-Gallium-Arsenide/Gallium-Arsenide to study effects of surface passivation using Antimony and delta doping in these structures. These structures are of great interest for lasers and photodetectors in the long wavelength range and novel photovoltaic devices such as intermediate band solar cells. Room temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy and variations such as excitation-intensity dependent and temperature-dependent spectroscopy techniques have been used to determine emission properties and sub-band level occupancies and other structural characteristics such as defect densities and crystal quality.
Download or read book Low Dimensional Semiconductor Structures written by Hilmi Ünlü and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-12 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting with the first transistor in 1949, the world has experienced a technological revolution which has permeated most aspects of modern life, particularly over the last generation. Yet another such revolution looms up before us with the newly developed capability to control matter on the nanometer scale. A truly extraordinary research effort, by scientists, engineers, technologists of all disciplines, in nations large and small throughout the world, is directed and vigorously pressed to develop a full understanding of the properties of matter at the nanoscale and its possible applications, to bring to fruition the promise of nanostructures to introduce a new generation of electronic and optical devices. The physics of low dimensional semiconductor structures, including heterostructures, superlattices, quantum wells, wires and dots is reviewed and their modeling is discussed in detail. The truly exceptional material, Graphene, is reviewed; its functionalization and Van der Waals interactions are included here. Recent research on optical studies of quantum dots and on the physical properties of one-dimensional quantum wires is also reported. Chapters on fabrication of nanowire – based nanogap devices by the dielectrophoretic assembly approach. The broad spectrum of research reported here incorporates chapters on nanoengineering and nanophysics. In its presentation of tutorial chapters as well as advanced research on nanostructures, this book is ideally suited to meet the needs of newcomers to the field as well as experienced researchers interested in viewing colleagues’ recent advances.
Download or read book Low Dimensional Nanoelectronic Devices written by Angsuman Sarkar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing cutting-edge research on nanoelectronics and photonic devices and its application in future integrated circuits, this state-of-the-art book tackles the challenges of the different detailed theoretical and analytical models of solving the problems of various nanodevices. The volume also explores from different angles the roles of material composition and choice of materials that now play the most critical role in determining outcomes of low-dimensional nanoelectronic devices. The applications of those findings are extremely beneficial for the computing and telecommunication industries. Beginning with a solid theoretical background for every chapter, this volume covers the hottest areas of present-day electronic engineering. The continuous miniaturization of devices, components, and systems requires corresponding cutting-edge theoretical analysis supported by simulated findings before actual fabrication. That purpose is given maximum focus in this volume, which has interdisciplinary appeal, making it a comprehensive technological volume that deals with underlying aspects of physics, materials, structures in nano-regime, and the corresponding end-product in the form of devices.
Download or read book Progress in Nanoscale and Low Dimensional Materials and Devices written by Hilmi Ünlü and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 939 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes most recent progress in the properties, synthesis, characterization, modelling, and applications of nanomaterials and nanodevices. It begins with the review of the modelling of the structural, electronic and optical properties of low dimensional and nanoscale semiconductors, methodology of synthesis, and characterization of quantum dots and nanowires, with special attention towards Dirac materials, whose electrical conduction and sensing properties far exceed those of silicon-based materials, making them strong competitors. The contributed reviews presented in this book touch on broader issues associated with the environment, as well as energy production and storage, while highlighting important achievements in materials pertinent to the fields of biology and medicine, exhibiting an outstanding confluence of basic physical science with vital human endeavor. The subjects treated in this book are attractive to the broader readership of graduate and advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine, as well as in electrical, chemical, biological, and mechanical engineering. Seasoned researchers and experts from the semiconductor/device industry also greatly benefit from the book’s treatment of cutting-edge application studies.
Download or read book 21st Century Nanoscience A Handbook written by Klaus D. Sattler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 21st Century Nanoscience - A Handbook: Nanophotonics, Nanoelectronics, and Nanoplasmonics (Volume 6) will be the most comprehensive, up-to-date large reference work for the field of nanoscience. Handbook of Nanophysics by the same editor published in the fall of 2010 and was embraced as the first comprehensive reference to consider both fundamental and applied aspects of nanophysics. This follow-up project has been conceived as a necessary expansion and full update that considers the significant advances made in the field since 2010. It goes well beyond the physics as warranted by recent developments in the field. This sixth volume in a ten-volume set covers nanophotonics, nanoelectronics, and nanoplasmonics. Key Features: Provides the most comprehensive, up-to-date large reference work for the field. Chapters written by international experts in the field. Emphasises presentation and real results and applications. This handbook distinguishes itself from other works by its breadth of coverage, readability and timely topics. The intended readership is very broad, from students and instructors to engineers, physicists, chemists, biologists, biomedical researchers, industry professionals, governmental scientists, and others whose work is impacted by nanotechnology. It will be an indispensable resource in academic, government, and industry libraries worldwide. The fields impacted by nanophysics extend from materials science and engineering to biotechnology, biomedical engineering, medicine, electrical engineering, pharmaceutical science, computer technology, aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, food science, and beyond.
Download or read book Low Dimensional and Nanostructured Materials and Devices written by Hilmi Ünlü and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the fundamental phenomena at nanoscale. It covers synthesis, properties, characterization and computer modelling of nanomaterials, nanotechnologies, bionanotechnology, involving nanodevices. Further topics are imaging, measuring, modeling and manipulating of low dimensional matter at nanoscale. The topics covered in the book are of vital importance in a wide range of modern and emerging technologies employed or to be employed in most industries, communication, healthcare, energy, conservation , biology, medical science, food, environment, and education, and consequently have great impact on our society.
Download or read book Metal Chalcogenide Nanocomposites written by Mohammad Ehtisham Khan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal-chalcogenides have exceptional properties and can be used for electronic devices, environmental monitoring, and sensing applications, for energy storage, as electrode materials, in fuel cells, membranes and for photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants in the field of waste-water treatment applications. Metal-Chalcogenide Nanocomposites: Fundamentals, Properties, and Industrial Applications focuses on metal chalcogenide nanomaterials for environmental remediation and corrosion applications. The chapters focuses on cost-effective and facile fabrication approaches, their growth mechanisms, optical, electrical, and other important properties and their applications in a broad range of diverse fields such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics, hydrogen production, lithium batteries, energy storage, anticorrosion, and sensor devices. The book will be an important information source for both material scientists and engineers who want to create the next generation of products and devices for energy and environmental applications. Covers fabrication, standard characterization, photocatalytic mechanisms, and environmentally-sustainable fabrication methods Applications covered include environmental, electronics, oil, gas, water treatment, sensing, and many more Includes challenges and future opportunities, which are discussed in detail
Download or read book JJAP written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Semiconductors for Optoelectronics written by Naci Balkan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-10-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides in-depth knowledge about the fundamental physical properties of bulk and low dimensional semiconductors (LDS). It also explains their applications to optoelectronic devices. The book incorporates two major themes. The first theme, starts from the fundamental principles governing the classification of solids according to their electronic properties and leads to a detailed analysis of electronic band structure and electronic transport in solids. It then focuses on the electronic transport and optical properties of semiconductor compounds, size quantization and the analysis of abrupt p-n junctions where a full analysis of the fundamental properties of intrinsic and doped semiconductors is given. The second theme is device-oriented. It aims to provide the reader with understanding of the design, fabrication and operation of optoelectronic devices based on novel semiconductor materials, such as high-speed photo detectors, light emitting diodes, multi-mode and single-mode lasers and high efficiency solar cells. The book appeals to researchers and high-level undergraduate students.
Download or read book Fabrication of Low dimensional Structures in III V Semiconductors written by Ivan A. Maximov and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Directory of Published Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Controlled Growth of GaN Columns and 3D Core Shell LEDs by MOVPE written by Xue Wang and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2015-06-11 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GaN three-dimensional columnar core-shell LEDs are considered to be one of the promising candidates for prospective solid state lighting. In comparison to conventional planar layer LEDs, columnar core-shell LEDs have many advantages. For instance, in a columnar GaN coreshell LED structure the InGaN/GaN MQW wraps around the column, therefore the light emitting area can be enormously increased. This is the main driving force behind the intense investigation of nanowire and micro-columnar LEDs. In addition, because of the increased area of the MQW, the internal quantum efficiency may be improved by a reduction of the local carrier density, mitigating the efficiency droop. Besides, due to the reduced influence of thermal and lattice mismatch between the substrate and columns, dislocation-free GaN column arrays can be achieved on large area substrates. The main contribution of the present work is the controlled growth of GaN columns and core-shell LEDs by metal-organic vapor-phase expitaxy. The growth conditions which lead to vertical growth of N-polar and Ga-polar GaN columns are systematically investigated. The causes of the vertical growth are explained by surface processes under appropriate conditions for both polarities. Quantitative discussions of growth kinetics of GaN columns are an important feature in this work. The difficulties and the strategies of the MQW and p-GaN shell growth on high aspect ratio GaN columns are presented in detail.
Download or read book Optical Properties of Narrow Gap Low Dimensional Structures written by Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Optical Properties of Narrow-Gap Low-Dimensional Structures", held from July 29th to August 1st, 1986, in St. Andrews, Scotland, under the auspices of the NATO International Scientific Exchange Program. The workshop was not limited to optical properties of narrow-gap semiconductor structures (Part III). Sessions on, for example, the growth methods and characterization of III-V, II-VI, and IV-VI materials, discussed in Part II, were an integral part of the workshop. Considering the small masses of the carriers in narrow-gap low dimensional structures (LOS), in Part I the enhanced band mixing and magnetic field effects are explored in the context of the envelope function approximation. Optical nonlinearities and energy relaxation phenomena applied to the well-known systems of HgCdTe and GaAs/GaAIAs, respectively, are reviewed with comments on their extension to narrow gap LOS. The relevance of optical observations in quantum transport studies is illustrated in Part IV. A review of devices based on epitaxial narrow-gap materials defines a frame of reference for future ones based on two-dimensional narrow-gap semiconductors; in addition, an analysis of the physics of quantum well lasers provides a guide to relevant parameters for narrow-gap laser devices for the infrared (Part V). The roles and potentials of special techniques are explored in Part VI, with emphasis on hydrostatic pressure techniques, since this has a pronounced effect in small-mass, narrow-gap, non-parabolic structures.
Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by Mohamed Henini and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-06-27 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE): From Research to Mass Production, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the latest MBE research and applications in epitaxial growth, along with a detailed discussion and ‘how to’ on processing molecular or atomic beams that occur on the surface of a heated crystalline substrate in a vacuum. The techniques addressed in the book can be deployed wherever precise thin-film devices with enhanced and unique properties for computing, optics or photonics are required. It includes new semiconductor materials, new device structures that are commercially available, and many that are at the advanced research stage. This second edition covers the advances made by MBE, both in research and in the mass production of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Enhancements include new chapters on MBE growth of 2D materials, Si-Ge materials, AIN and GaN materials, and hybrid ferromagnet and semiconductor structures. Condenses the fundamental science of MBE into a modern reference, speeding up literature review Discusses new materials, novel applications and new device structures, grounding current commercial applications with modern understanding in industry and research Includes coverage of MBE as mass production epitaxial technology and how it enhances processing efficiency and throughput for the semiconductor industry and nanostructured semiconductor materials research community
Download or read book Handbook of Nanophysics written by Klaus D. Sattler and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-09-17 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Nanophysics: Functional Nanomaterials illustrates the importance of tailoring nanomaterials to achieve desired functions in applications. Each peer-reviewed chapter contains a broad-based introduction and enhances understanding of the state-of-the-art scientific content through fundamental equations and illustrations, some in color.This
Download or read book The Summary of Engineering Research written by University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign campus). Engineering Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanowires written by Xihong Peng and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-dimensional structures have attracted extensive research interest due to their promising applications in nanotechnology. These low-dimensional materials have the potential to make revolutionary changes in science and technology because a reduction in size not only enables a faster speed and greater computing power but also helps reduce device form factors. As such, this book examines the behaviors of oxide nanowires, group III–V compounds, and other nanowires, including basic Si nanowires, metallic wires, and complex geometrical nanowires.
