Download or read book Microeconometric Studies of Firms Imports and Exports written by Joachim Wagner and published by World Scientific Publishing Europe Limited. This book was released on 2021 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microeconometric Studies of Firms' Imports and Exports spans twenty-four papers with a focus on four topics: applications of advanced microeconometric methods for cross-section and panel data of internationally active firms; cross-country studies using comparable data for firms; studies of exports by business services firms; and new evidence on German firms' trade in goods from transaction data. Applications focus on Germany, the third-largest exporter and importer of goods in the world. Some of these papers are "classic" empirical studies that helped to shape the field of microeconometrics in international trade and are widely cited. The two final papers are hitherto unpublished and include new material. Applications focus on Germany, the third-largest exporter and importer of goods in the world.
Download or read book Exports and Productivity Growth written by Helmut Fryges and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Does Freer Trade Really Lead to Productivity Growth written by Lauren Bresnahan and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manufacturing is intensive in the use of reproducible factors and exhibits greater technological dynamism than primary production. As such, its growth is central to long-run development in low-income countries. African countries are latecomers to industrialization, and barriers to manufacturing growth, including those that limit trade, have been slow to come down. What factors contribute most to increases in output and productivity growth in African manufacturing? Recent tradeindustrial organization theory suggests that trade liberalization should raise average total factor productivity (TFP) among manufacturing firms (Melitz 2003). However, these predictions are conditional on maintained assumptions about the nature of industries, factor markets, and trade patterns that may not be appropriate in a developing-country setting. Manufacturing firms are heterogeneous, so the analysis demands disaggregated data. We use firm-level data from the World Banks Regional Program on Enterprise Development, covering Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, and Tanzania for 19912003. Among other things, the data distinguish exports by destination (Africa and the rest of the world), which is important due to the spread of intra-African regional trade agreements (RTAs). Econometric results confirm well-known relationships, such as a positive association between export intensity and TFP, which implies that more productive firms are more likely to select in to exporting. However, we also find the destination of exports to be important. Many exporters have experienced declining TFP growth rates, which have occurred at different rates depending on the country and the export destination. The evidence for learning by exporting is thus mixed. These results add a new dimension to controversies over the development implications of trade liberalization and the promotion of intra-African RTAs.
Download or read book Facing Up to Low Productivity Growth written by Adam S. Posen and published by Peterson Institute for International Economics. This book was released on 2019-02-01 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor productivity growth in the United States and other advanced countries has slowed dramatically since the mid-2000s, a major factor in their economic stagnation and political turmoil. Economists have been debating the causes of the slowdown and possible remedies for some years. Unaddressed in this discussion is what happens if the slowdown is not reversed. In this volume, a dozen renowned scholars analyze the impact of sustained lower productivity growth on public finances, social protection, trade, capital flows, wages, inequality, and, ultimately, politics in the advanced industrial world. They conclude that slow productivity growth could lead to unpredictable and possibly dangerous new problems, aggravating inequality and increasing concentration of market power. Facing Up to Low Productivity Growth also proposes ways that countries can cope with these consequences.
Download or read book Exporting and Productivity written by Andrew B. Bernard and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exporting is often touted as a way to increase economic growth. This paper examines whether exporting has played any role in increasing productivity growth in U.S. manufacturing. Contemporaneous levels of exports and productivity are indeed positively correlated across manufacturing industries. However, tests on industry data show causality from productivity to exporting but not the reverse. While exporting plants have substantially higher productivity levels, we find no evidence that exporting increases plant productivity growth rates. However, within the same industry, exporters do grow faster than non-exporters in terms of both shipments and employment. We show that exporting is associated with the reallocation of resources from less efficient to more efficient plants. In the aggregate, these reallocation effects are quite large, making up over 40% of total factor productivity growth in the manufacturing sector. Half of this reallocation to more productive plants occurs within industries and the direction of the reallocation is towards exporting plants. The positive contribution of exporters even shows up in import-competing industries and non-tradable sectors. The overall contribution of exporters to manufacturing productivity growth far exceeds their shares of employment and output.
Download or read book Globalisation and Productivity Growth written by H. Görg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-12-15 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great deal of public policy is harnessed to raising productivity growth. Although it is believed that the process is intimately linked to globalization, the precise links are less well known. This volume offers a comprehensive overview of links between international trade, foreign direct investment and productivity growth, providing a series of empirical analyses of these links.
Download or read book Growth of Exports and Income in the Developing World written by Constantine Michalopoulos and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional integration and productivity the experiences of Brazil and Mexico Working Paper ITD Documento de Trabajo ITD n 14 written by Mauricio Mesquita Moreira and published by BID-INTAL. This book was released on 2015 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the impact of integration on productivity? What are the main channels? Is there anything specific about productivity effects in regional agreements? This paper tries to answer these questions by looking at the experience of Brazil and Mexico. We estimate firm-level productivity and test its causal links with trade and FDI variables. The results suggest strong trade related gains, with import discipline emerging as the dominant effect. The results on learning-by-exporting were mixed, with gains restricted to Brazil's regional and worldwide exports. On FDI, foreign firms appear to have had a positive impact on their buyers and suppliers in Mexico, but in Brazil, the overall impact was statistically insignificant on productivity levels and negative on productivity growth.
Download or read book Three Essays on Exporting Firm Dynamics and Productivity Growth written by Ping Hsuan Fung and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exports Restructuring and Industry Productivity Growth written by Rod Falvey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of firm level productivity heterogeneity on export market entry has been the subject of theoretical innovation and extensive empirical scrutiny in recent years. The latter has focused on falling trade costs and firm level productivity, notwithstanding the fact that theory also points up links between trade and industry level productivity. This paper decomposes productivity growth in Sweden into its various components and links exporting to net entry and reallocation effects. We show that exporting has a sizeable impact on industry productivity growth which is independent of the links between exporting and firm productivity.
Download or read book Living with Lower Productivity Growth written by Filippo di Mauro and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Productivity growth has slowed in most Western countries, a reality well known in the economic literature, and the slowdown is likely to persist for some time. This paper investigates the impact of this phenomenon on export performance, with a particular focus on its heterogeneity across countries. To explain such heterogeneity, we pay particular attention to the role of productivity distribution and allocative efficiency. We rely on data from the Competitiveness Research Network (CompNet), a unique micro-aggregated database that provides a rich set of information on the variables' distribution at the granular level, together with micro-founded indicators such as the level of allocative efficiency. We argue that increases in both productivity dispersion and allocative efficiency, measured with the Olley and Pakes (1996) methodology, are associated with higher export competitiveness for the set of countries in our analysis. Furthermore, we try to evaluate four separate scenarios according to different levels of productivity growth and different degrees of allocative efficiency and conclude that, while a reduction in productivity growth is always associated with a decrease in export competitiveness, for those countries placed in the top 10 percent of the distribution of the Olley and Pakes gap, this negative effect can be offset for as long as eight years.
Download or read book Exports and Productivity Growth in Developing Countries written by Paula Haunit and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diese Arbeit präsentiert eine Übersicht der Literatur über die Verbindung zwischen Export-Aktivität und Firmenproduktivität in Entwicklungsländern. Um die Bedeutung dieser Frage hervorzuheben und sie in einen makroökonomischen Kontext zu setzen, werden Modelle endogenen Wachstums sowie die Standard-Aussenhandelsmodelle diskutiert. Im nächsten Schritt wir die Evidenz im Hinblick auf die Unterschiede zwischen exportierenden und nicht-exportierenden Firmen besprochen. Anschliessend werden die Ergebnisse von Studien diskutiert, die zu unterschiedlichen Schlussfolgerungen über die Richtung der Kausalität zwischen Exportaktivität und Produktivitätswachstum kommen. Schliesslich werden mögliche Erklärungsansätze präsentiert, die einerseits Aufschluss über Gründe der unterschiedlichen Resultate geben und andererseits mögliche Richtungen für die Fokussierung zukünftiger Studien aufzeigen können.
Download or read book Exporting and Productivity as Part of the Growth Process written by Tommaso Ciarli and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper introduces a little known category of estimators - Linear Non-Gaussian vector autoregression models that are acyclic or cyclic - imported from the machine learning literature, to revisit a well-known debate. Does exporting increase firm productivity? Or is it only more productive firms that remain in the export market? We focus on a relatively well-studied country (Chile) and on already-exporting firms (i.e. the intensive margin of exporting). We explicitly look at the co-evolution of productivity and growth, and attempt to ascertain both contemporaneous and lagged causal relationships. Our findings suggest that exporting does not have any causal influence on the other variables. Instead, export seems to be determined by other dimensions of firm growth. With respect to learning by exporting (LBE), we find no evidence that export growth causes productivity growth within the period and very little evidence that exporting growth has a causal effect on subsequent TFP growth.
Download or read book Does Freer Trade Really Lead to Productivity Growth written by Lauren R. Bresnahan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trading with China written by Mr.JaeBin Ahn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-26 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the impact on productivity in advanced economies of fast-growing trade with China between the mid-1990s and late-2000s, separately identifying the export and import channels. We use country-sector-level data for 18 advanced economies and, similar to Autor, Dorn, and Hanson (2013), exploit exogenous variation in trade with China in a given country-sector by instrumenting imports from (exports to) China in a given country-sector with the average imports from (exports to) China in the same sector in other advanced economies. Our estimates point to large productivity gains from trading with China—the (exogenous) rise of China in global trade may have increased the level of total factor productivity by about 1.9 percent, or 12.3 percent of the overall increase over the sample period, in the median country-sector. By contrast, using a similar empirical strategy, we find adverse employment effects of Chinese imports in exposed country-industries, consistent with previous studies. Taken together, these findings point to large gains from free trade, while underscoring the scope for a more active policy role in redistributing them, particularly by easing workers’ transition between jobs and industries.
Download or read book Productivity Growth and Economic Reform Evidence from Rwanda written by Neal Duffy and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Trade, financial, and exchange rate reforms are shown to have exerted a positive impact on the growth of total factor productivity in Rwanda during the period 1995-2003. Based on a constant returns-to-scale Cobb-Douglas production function, this paper regresses total factor productivity on indices of trade, financial, and exchange rate reforms. The analysis determines that trade reforms and financial reforms each contributed positively to improvements in total factor productivity. The data also suggest that the allocation of official development assistance to human capital made a significant contribution to productivity. In contrast, the appreciation of the real exchange rate of the late 1980's hindered productivity or the growth of TFP. Taken together, the findings for Rwanda presented in this paper show that the strong growth of the past decade has not just been due to a "bounce back" effect following the genocide. The results support the notion that policies favorable to trade development, a deepening of the financial sector, and formation of human capital have been effective for increasing aggregate productivity of the economy and stimulating growth in Rwanda. For sustained growth, the Rwandan authorities should continue to build on these policies, while also taking care to maintain an appropriate exchange rate.
Download or read book Accelerators of India s Growth Industry Trade and Employment written by Suresh Chand Aggarwal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a collection of distinguished contributions that identify current growth accelerators in India, and suggest policies and strategies to make India’s growth more sustainable and inclusive. The papers are divided into three sections, the first of which focuses on issues related to industrial growth in India. The discussions include India’s industrial development (manufacturing, construction and mining); role of manufacturing; global value chains; and of environment in industrial development. In turn, section II deals with issues related to trade and FDI as accelerators of India’s growth. The respective chapters explore the changing patterns of trade, impacts of technology, and spill-over effects of FDI, to name but a few. Lastly, the third section discusses employment-related issues like measurement of labour input, the dichotomy of the Indian labour market, the nature of firms and employment generation, and impacts of technology on employment. Given its scope and focus, the book offers an invaluable resource for researchers and policymakers alike.
