Download or read book Export promoting Subsidies and what to Do about Them written by Richard H. Snape and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1988 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Credibility and the Cost of Export Subsidies written by Mr.Alexander W. Hoffmaister and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-12-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recurring balance of payments crises in countries that pursued import substitution have led some of them to establish a variety of export incentives, in particular subsidies, as a way to revive and re-orient their economies. However, exporters are likely to be uncertain of the government’s commitment to export promotion because of the years of neglect. This paper analyzes the issue of the credibility of export subsidies and suggests that a government is able to convince exporters of its commitment only at a cost, which reduces the attractiveness of promoting exports by means of subsidies.
Download or read book Export Promotion and the WTO written by Philippe De Baere and published by UN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on export promotion schemes that developing countries may use without violating international trade rules. It examines the rules themselves ndash; the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures for industrial goods and the Agreement on Agriculture for agricultural products ndash; and looks at schemes currently in place in the developing world.
Download or read book Trade Spillovers of Domestic Subsidies written by Lorenzo Rotunno and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-03 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As governments resort to industrial policies to achieve economic and non-economic objectives, the number of subsidies implemented each year has more than tripled in the last decade. Using detailed data across a large number of advanced and emerging economies, we empirically investigate the effects of domestic subsidies on international trade flows. Estimates from a difference-in-difference specification show that on average subsidies promote both exports and imports. These effects are partly driven by selection into subsidies, as governments target export-oriented and import-competing products. The results however mask significant differences across countries. Specifically, exports of subsidized products from G20 emerging markets increase 8 percent more than exports of other products, with no evidence of selection. The gravity estimates confirm that subsidies promote international relative to domestic trade. These spillover effects are concentrated in some industries, such as electrical machinery, and are stronger when subsidies are given through tax breaks than other policy instruments. The subsidy-led rise in trade calls for international cooperation to manage risks of retaliatory actions and possible drifts towards a subsidy war.
Download or read book The Cost of Export Subsidies written by Alexander W. Hoffmaister and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1991-10 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper develops a model to estimate the effects of export subsidies on the supply of exports. Using data for Costa Rica over the 1980’s, it is shown that while the export subsidy scheme in operation led to an increase in exports, the direct fiscal costs of the scheme were quite large. Furthermore, the subsidy scheme led to a significant increase of imports. These results suggest that elimination of export subsidies would not have a particularly harmful effect on the trade balance, and would increase the fiscal position and generate economic efficiency besides.
Download or read book Federal Export Promotion Programs an Academic Perspective written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Procurement, Exports, and Business Opportunities and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Government Export Promotion written by F. H. Rolf Seringhaus and published by London ; New York : Routledge. This book was released on 1990 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to focus on global government export initiatives. It examines the role and impact of the programmes which have been established and assesses trends in government export promotions and its support.
Download or read book Agriculture Export Promotion Programs written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Procurement, Exports, and Business Opportunities and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book State Government Export Promotion written by Alan Posner and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1984-09-25 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alan R. Posner discusses the ways state government agencies can and do promote and facilitate the overseas exports of producers in their respective states. He presents detailed case studies of successful state programs and outlines how business can utilize these programs and what opportunities export trading companies can provide. The contributions made by state labor relations specialists and universities to export promotion are described. The author provides a comprehensive directory and listing of the export promotion services each state offers. Posner focuses attention on specific problems and opportunities in agricultural exports. The long-term consequences of continued U.S. emphasis on the export of services and capital investment versus agricultural products and manufactures are evaluated in depth.
Download or read book Subsidies in the Context of the WTO s Free Trade System written by Gurwinder Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-04 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses subsidies from various perspectives and creates a model that determines whether or not their use is justified. Further, it analyses the various causes of trade distortion, trade-discriminatory practices, and other issues associated with unregulated subsidies. In addition, the book considers how these issues fall within the scope of subsidies described under the SCM Agreement. The primary discussion from the perspective of WTO objective concerns the trade practice of awarding subsidies, for exports and also for protectionist purposes. Here, the terms justifiable and non-justifiable are used as hypothetical parameters to determine the extent of state support, considering the country classification based on economic and technological criteria, and their objectives for development. These parameters are distinct from Prohibited, Actionable, and Non-Actionable subsidies, as classified under the SCM Agreement. Subsidies awarded for the purposes of development and for welfare are considered as justifiable, whereas subsidies for the promotion of exports or state measures adopted for protectionist purposes are non-justifiable. Lastly, the book addresses the implications of such subsidies on the core objectives of the WTO and in connection with fair trade values.
Download or read book Export Promotion Services Versus Export Subsidies written by Laura Resmini and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Theory of Nonprice Export Promotion with Application to USDA s Subsidy Programs written by Henry W. Kinnucan and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Export Development written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Export Assistance for Small Business written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Small Business. Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche.
Download or read book Targeted Export Promotion with Several Oligopolistic Industries written by Avinash K. Dixit and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we ask whether a policy of targeted export promotion can raise domestic welfare when several oligopolistic industries all draw on the same scarce factor of production. Our point of departure is one of Cournot duopoly in which a single home firm competes with a single foreign firm in a market outside the horse country. It has been shown previously that when there is only one such industry in an otherwise perfectly competitive world economy, a subsidy policy by the home government transfers profits to the domestic firm, and thereby raises domestic welfare. However,when many such industries (and only these) utilize the same inelastically supplied resource, promotion of one bids up the return to the specific factor, and consequently disadvantages all of the non-targeted industries in their respective duopolistic competitions. Our question then is which industry(s), if any, is worthy of promotion. We find that, when the specific factor is used in fixed proportion to output, and all of the duopolies have similar demand and cost conditions, a policy of free trade is optimal. We identify the conditions for welfare improvement when a single industry is selected for targeting under asymmetric conditions, and also investigate whether a uniform subsidy to all industries in the imperfectly competitive sector will raise domestic welfare.
Download or read book Evaluating the Case for Export Subsidies written by Arvind Panagariya and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With import-substitution policies discredited, many have argued for interventions on behalf of export interests. But aren't arguments for export subsidies as flawed as arguments for import substitution?"--Cover.
Download or read book Export Promotion Strategies written by Chris Milner and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
