Download or read book Exploring Magnetism in Van Der Waals 2D Materials and Heterostructures written by Ya Wen Chuang and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the successful isolation of graphene in 2004, 2D van der Waals materials have drawn a lot of interests of the community because of their potential in advancing fundamental physics understandings and next-generation device applications. Van der Waals materials with diverse properties have been synthesized and studied and many fundamental phenomena of condensed matter physics including the quantum Hall effect, superconductivity, and magnetism have been observed. Robust room-temperature 2D magnetism remains a goal of the field. We have explored three van der Waals 2D materials to realize magnetism. This includes bilayer graphene, gallium selenide (GaSe), and manganese bismuth telluride (MnSb1.8Bi0.2Te4). A strain-tuning technique based on a piezoelectric substrate is developed and will offer convenient tuning of magnetic properties. This dissertation begins with an introduction, which is followed by four chapters, each of which discusses a material platform or technique. Chapter 1 gives an overview of the properties of 2D materials, which forms the basis of our investigations in the following chapters. We discuss different ways to manipulate the properties of 2D materials. Chapter 1 also gives a brief introduction on the current state of magnetism in 2D. Chapter 2 presents findings in WSe2/bilayer graphene heterostructures. Our original goal was to introduce spin-orbit coupling into bilayer graphene through proximity coupling. The effect was found to be very small. Instead we observed large modifications to the Landau level energies of bilayer graphene, which suggests a possible way to engineer the quantum Hall effect. A systematic study of Landau level gaps at filling factors [nu] = 1, 2, 3 is presented and offers insight to the rich competing many-body interactions in bilayer graphene. Chapter 3 describes our effort in making electrical contacts to GaSe using various materials and procedures. We also discuss different fabrication ideas to enhance the quality of GaSe devices. Our original goal was to study the predicted gate-tunable ferromagnetism in few-layer GaSe. We were not successful in the end however this work provides valuable information to the challenging problem of contacting thin GaSe flakes. Chapter 4 reports our observations of a ferromagnetic ground state in MnSb1.8Bi0.2Te4, a van der Waals magnetic compound. This work was done with collaborators in synthesis and structural characterizations. The development of ferromagnetism in MnSb1.8Bi0.2Te4, in contrast to commonly observed anti-ferromagnetism in this family of materials, is supported by magneto-transport measurements, bulk magnetometry and neutron scattering. Our finding contributes to the understanding of a newly discovered family of ferromagnetic topological insulators. Chapter 5 describes our design and fabrication of a strain-tuning substrate that is based on piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and suitable for devices made of van der Waals materials. Strain is a powerful tool for manipulating 2D material properties, including magnetism. Our substrate integrates strain tuning, Al2O3 gating, ionic liquid gating, and electrical measurement capabilities. We aim for a platform compatible with cryogenic measurements and available for convenient and reliable strain tuning.

Download or read book Magnetism in Two dimensional Van Der Waals Materials written by Dahlia Rivka Klein and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The techniques established to handle air-sensitive 2D magnets lay the groundwork for the discovery of novel magnetic phenomena in the many yet unexplored layered magnetic insulators. Moreover, the development of 2D magnetic tunnel junctions with large magnetoresistances and highly spin-polarized currents paves the way for integration in the spintronics community. Finally, the more complete understanding of the layer-dependent magnetism in ultrathin CrX3 unlocks the potential to carefully incorporate 2D magnets in a variety of van der Waals heterostructures for proximity magnetism effects and beyond.

Download or read book Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions written by Michael Binnewies and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive handbook covers the diverse aspects of chemical vapor transport reactions from basic research to important practical applications. The book begins with an overview of models for chemical vapor transport reactions and then proceeds to treat the specific chemical transport reactions for the elements, halides, oxides, sulfides, selenides, tellurides, pnictides, among others. Aspects of transport from intermetallic phases, the stability of gas particles, thermodynamic data, modeling software and laboratory techniques are also covered. Selected experiments using chemical vapor transport reactions round out the work, making this book a useful reference for researchers and instructors in solid state and inorganic chemistry.

Download or read book Emergent Phenomena and Device Applications in Magnetic Van Der Waals Heterostructures written by Tiancheng Song and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures built by the vertical stacking of various 2D materials provide an ideal platform for the rational design of emergent phenomena and device applications. The recent discovery of atomically thin magnetic vdW materials has created new opportunities to explore 2D magnetism in magnetic vdW heterostructures. In this thesis, we will present an exploration into the 2D magnet chromium triiodide (CrI3) and its vdW heterostructures. We will first introduce the unique layer-dependent magnetism in CrI3 enabled by the antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling. We then achieve giant tunneling magnetoresistance by using CrI3 as a tunnel barrier in vdW spin-filter magnetic tunnel junctions. In a dual-gated structure, a pair of bistable magnetic states in four-layer CrI3 can be switched reversibly by electrostatic gating, demonstrating a new kind of voltage-controlled vdW spintronic device. We will also unravel the stacking-dependent magnetism in CrI3, and realize the control of interlayer magnetism and switching of magnetic states via pressure tunning of layer stacking. Finally, we will discuss the helicity-dependent photocurrent in CrI3 and its interplay with the underlying exciton states and magnetic order.

Download or read book Spin Current written by Sadamichi Maekawa and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a new branch of physics and technology, called spin-electronics or spintronics, the flow of electrical charge (usual current) as well as the flow of electron spin, the so-called "spin current", are manipulated and controlled together. This book is intended to provide an introduction and guide to the new physics and applications of spin current.

Download or read book 2D Materials and Van der Waals Heterostructures written by Antonio Di Bartolomeo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-23 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of graphene and, more recently, two-dimensional materials has opened new perspectives in electronics, optoelectronics, energy harvesting, and sensing applications. This book, based on a Special Issue published in Nanomaterials – MDPI covers experimental, simulation, and theoretical research on 2D materials and their van der Waals heterojunctions. The emphasis is the physical properties and the applications of 2D materials in state-of-the-art sensors and electronic or optoelectronic devices.

Download or read book Magnetic Heterostructures written by H. Zabel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-10-26 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heterostructures consist of combinations of different materials, which are in contact through at least one interface. Magnetic heterostructures combine different physical properties which do not exist in nature. This book provides the first comprehensive overview of an exciting and fast developing field of research, which has already resulted in numerous applications and is the basis for future spintronic devices.

Download or read book 2D Monoelemental Materials Xenes and Related Technologies written by Zongyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-04-19 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monoelemental 2D materials called Xenes have a graphene-like structure, intra-layer covalent bond, and weak van der Waals forces between layers. Materials composed of different groups of elements have different structures and rich properties, making Xenes materials a potential candidate for the next generation of 2D materials. 2D Monoelemental Materials (Xenes) and Related Technologies: Beyond Graphene describes the structure, properties, and applications of Xenes by classification and section. The first section covers the structure and classification of single-element 2D materials, according to the different main groups of monoelemental materials of different components and includes the properties and applications with detailed description. The second section discusses the structure, properties, and applications of advanced 2D Xenes materials, which are composed of heterogeneous structures, produced by defects, and regulated by the field. Features include: Systematically detailed single element materials according to the main groups of the constituent elements Classification of the most effective and widely studied 2D Xenes materials Expounding upon changes in properties and improvements in applications by different regulation mechanisms Discussion of the significance of 2D single-element materials where structural characteristics are closely combined with different preparation methods and the relevant theoretical properties complement each other with practical applications Aimed at researchers and advanced students in materials science and engineering, this book offers a broad view of current knowledge in the emerging and promising field of 2D monoelemental materials.

Download or read book Van der Waals Heterostructures written by Zheng Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-31 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Van der Waals Heterostructures A comprehensive resource systematically detailing the developments and applications of van der Waals heterostructures and devices Van der Waals Heterostructures is essential reading to understand the developments made in van der Waals heterostructures and devices in all aspects, from basic synthesis to physical analysis and heterostructures assembling to devices applications, including demonstrated applications of van der Waals heterostructure on electronics, optoelectronics, and energy conversion, such as solar energy, hydrogen energy, batteries, catalysts, biotechnology, and more. This book starts from an in-depth introduction of van der Waals interactions in layered materials and the forming of mixed-dimensional heterostructures via van der Waals force. It then comprehensively summarizes the synthetic methods, devices building processes and physical mechanism of 2D van der Waals heterostructures, and devices including 2D-2D electronics, 2D-2D optoelectronics, and mixed dimensional van der Waals heterostructures. In Van der Waals Heterostructures, readers can expect to find specific information on: The current library of 2D semiconductors and the current synthesis and performances of 2D semiconductors Controllable synthesis and assemble van der Waals heterostructures, physics of the van der Waals interface, and multi-field coupling effects 2D-2D electronics, 2D-2D optoelectronics, mixed dimensional van der Waals heterostructures, and van der Waals heterostructure applications on energy conversion Insight into future perspectives of the van der Waals heterostructures and devices with the detailed effective role of 2D materials for integrated electrical and electronic equipment

Download or read book Introduction to the Theory of Ferromagnetism written by Amikam Aharoni and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present book is the second edition of Amikam Aharoni's Introduction to the Theory of Ferromagnetism, based on a popular lecture course. Like its predecessor, it serves a two-fold purpose: First, it is a textbook for first-year graduate and advanced undergraduate students in both physics and engineering. Second, it explains the basic theoretical principles on which the work is based for practising engineers and experimental physicists who work in the field of magnetism, thus also serving to a certain extent as a reference book. For both professionals and students the emphasis is on introducing the foundations of the different subfields, highlighting the direction and tendency of the most recent research. For this new edition, the author has thoroughly updated the material especially of chapters 9 ('The Nucleation Problem') and 11 ('Numerical Micromagnetics'), which now contain the state of the art required by students and professionals who work on advanced topics of ferromagnetism. From reviews on the 1/e: '... a much needed, thorough introduction and guide to the literature. It is full of wisdom and commentary. Even more, it is Amikam Aharoni at his best - telling a story... He is fun to read... The extensive references provide an advanced review of micromagnetics and supply sources for suitable exercises... there is much for the student to do with the guidance provided by Introduction to the Theory of Ferromagnetism.' A. Arrott, Physics Today, September 1997

Download or read book Nanoscience Volume 6 written by Neerish Revaprasadu and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of nanoscience continues to grow and, with such a vast landscape of material, careful distillation of the most important discoveries will help researchers find the key information they require. Nanoscience provides a critical and comprehensive assessment of the most recent research and opinion from across the globe. Topics covered in this volume include metal halide perovskite nanomaterials, properties and applications, nanoparticles and nanocomposites for new permanent magnets and graphene-based materials for energy conversion applications. Anyone practising in any nano-allied field, or wishing to enter the nano-world will benefit from this resource, presenting the current thought and applications of nanoscience.

Download or read book 2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides MXenes written by Babak Anasori and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the rapidly expanding field of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). It covers fundamental knowledge on synthesis, structure, and properties of these new materials, and a description of their processing, scale-up and emerging applications. The ways in which the quickly expanding family of MXenes can outperform other novel nanomaterials in a variety of applications, spanning from energy storage and conversion to electronics; from water science to transportation; and in defense and medical applications, are discussed in detail.

Download or read book Design of Two Dimensional Functional Materials and Nanodevices written by Guangzhao Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-26 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recent advances in two dimensional van der Waals magnets written by Hang Xu and published by OAE Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2022-04-20 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement and Manipulation of Spins and Magnetism in 2D Materials and Spinel Oxides written by Michael Jonathon Newburger and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancements in spintronics rely on materials which exhibit stable magnetization or long-lived spin states that can be easily manipulated or probed. One class of two-dimensional (2D) materials, the monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained significant interest due to their large spin-orbit coupling which leads to the existence of inequivalent, spin-split valleys in the band structure and predictions of long-lived spin-valley lifetimes. Furthermore, the TMDs exhibit unique optical selection rules which allow for selective control and manipulation of spin and valley polarization by helicity of light. In addition, due to their weak van der Waals coupling, these materials can be easily picked up and stacked into heterostructures with other 2D or three dimensional (3D) materials without the need to match lattice constant or growth conditions. Here, the strength of one material can surmount the weaknesses of another system, and such heterostructures have been utilized to control exciton diffusion, enhance spin/valley lifetimes, and even induce proximity spin-orbit coupling and ferromagnetism. In this thesis, we focus on measuring the spin/valley dynamics in TMD monolayers and heterostructure devices. Using time-resolved Kerr rotation (TRKR) microscopy, we observe long-lived (>5 ns) spin/valley lifetimes and a complex spatial dependence of spin/valley density in monolayer WS2 flakes. Comparisons to photoluminescence (PL) microscopy allow us to elucidate the roles that resident carriers and dark trion formation play in this spatial dependence and the stabilization of spin-valley lifetime. We extend these techniques to heterostructure devices of monolayer WSe2 and graphene where we reveal an ultrafast quenching of spin-valley signal at the WSe2/graphene heterojunctions. Complementary measurements of PL and photoconductivity demonstrate an efficient, electron dominated charge transfer into graphene, from which we conclude that the quenching of the spin-valley signal is due to charge mediated spin transfer into graphene. Additionally, we explore the growth of complementary magnetic materials by molecular beam epitaxy. Specifically, we demonstrate growth of MgAl0.5Fe1.5O4 (MAFO), a low damping, ferrimagnetic insulator which is an ideal candidate for the demonstration of proximity effects in 2D materials. We find that highly crystalline films of MAFO can be grown by MBE and utilize alternating layer epitaxy to alter the distribution of Fe in the crystal lattice, from which we observe a significant change in the saturation magnetic moment.

Download or read book Two Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides written by Chi Sin Tang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-11-08 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides Comprehensive resource covering rapid scientific and technological development of polymorphic two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) over a range of disciplines and applications Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides: Phase Engineering and Applications in Electronics and Optoelectronics provides a discussion on the history of phase engineering in 2D-TMDs as well as an in-depth treatment on the structural and electronic properties of 2D-TMDs in their respective polymorphic structures. The text addresses different forms of in-situ synthesis, phase transformation, and characterization methods for 2D-TMD materials and provides a comprehensive treatment of both the theoretical and experimental studies that have been conducted on 2D-TMDs in their respective phases. Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides includes further information on: Thermoelectric, fundamental spin-orbit structures, Weyl semi-metallic, and superconductive and related ferromagnetic properties that 2D-TMD materials possess Existing and prospective applications of 2D-TMDs in the field of electronics and optoelectronics as well as clean energy, catalysis, and memristors Magnetism and spin structures of polymorphic 2D-TMDs and further considerations on the challenges confronting the utilization of TMD-based systems Recent progress of mechanical exfoliation and the application in the study of 2D materials and other modern opportunities for progress in the field Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides provides in-depth review introducing the electronic properties of two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenides with updates to the phase engineering transition strategies and a diverse range of arising applications, making it an essential resource for scientists, chemists, physicists, and engineers across a wide range of disciplines.

Download or read book Magnetic Properties of Layered Transition Metal Compounds written by L.J. de Jongh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades low-dimensional (low-d) physics has matured into a major branch of science. Quite generally we may define a system with restricted dimensionality d as an object that is infinite only in one or two spatial directions (d = 1 and 2). Such a definition comprises isolated single chains or layers, but also fibres and thin layers (films) of varying but finite thickness. Clearly, a multitude of physical phenomena, notably in solid state physics, fall into these categories. As examples, we may mention: • Magnetic chains or layers (thin-film technology). • Metallic films (homogeneous or heterogeneous, crystalline, amorphous or microcristalline, etc.). • I-d or 2-d conductors and superconductors. • Intercalated systems. • 2-d electron gases (electrons on helium, semiconductor interfaces). • Surface layer problems (2-d melting of monolayers of noble gases on a substrate, surface problems in general). • Superfluid films of ~He or 'He. • Polymer physics. • Organic and inorganic chain conductors, superionic conductors. • I-d or 2-d molecular crystals and liquid crystals. • I-d or 2-d ferro- and antiferro electrics.