Download or read book Exploring Anaerobic Microbial Communities Capable of Oxidizing Manganese written by Sophia Rowland and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The metabolic pathway of oxygenic photosynthesis is fueled by sunlight and the oxidation of water; oxygen is produced as a waste product. Before the rise of oxygenic phototrophs 2.3 billion years ago, microbes utilized anoxygenic photosynthesis to form organic carbon compounds using electron donors such as iron [Fe(II)] and reduced sulfur compounds. Anoxygenic phototrophs can be found in modern environments like meromictic lakes. We studied enrichment cultures of microorganisms driven by anoxygenic photosynthesis to determine whether and how they use another possible electron donor, manganese [Mn(II)]. Cultures reduced with sulfide [H2S] and enriched with Mn(II) as a potential electron donor oxidized Mn(II) and formed various manganese oxide minerals in the presence of light. To further characterize these anaerobic microbial communities and the role of manganese, we grew the cultures on different concentrations of Mn(II) and H2S and isolated individual microbes. We characterized the composition of the microbial communities by extracting copies of a specific gene, 16S rRNA, which is highly conserved and a standard species-identifying marker. Communities grew only in the presence of light and obligately anaerobic green sulfur bacteria from the phylum Chlorobi were the only phototrophic organisms. From these communities, we identified several taxa using 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequencing; most notably, a taxon belonging to Chlorobi identified as Chlorobium limicola and a taxon belonging to Desulfomicrobium identified as Desulfomicrobium baculatum. We found a robust microbial community capable of oxidizing Mn(II) in the absence of molecular oxygen. These communities are driven by anoxygenic photosynthesis and dependent on the concentration of sulfur sources, like sulfide. Optimal conditions for anaerobic oxidation of Mn(II) suggest this process occurs in source environment.

Download or read book Microbial Life of Cave Systems written by Annette Summers Engel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The earth's subsurface contains abundant and active microbial biomass, living in water, occupying pore space, and colonizing mineral and rock surfaces. Caves are one type of subsurface habitat, being natural, solutionally- or collapse-enlarged openings in rock. Within the past 30 years, there has been an increase in the number of microbiology studies from cave environments to understand cave ecology, cave geology, and even the origins of life. By emphasizing the microbial life of caves, and the ecological processes and geological consequences attributed to microbes, this book provides the first authoritative and comprehensive account of the microbial life of caves for students, professionals, and general readers.

Download or read book Microbial Energy Conversion written by Zhenhong Yuan and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-05-22 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on various microorganisms and their industrialization in energy conversion, such as ethanol fermentation, butanol fermentation, biogas fermentation and fossil energy conversion. It also covers microbial oil production, hydrogen production and electricity generation. The content is up to date and suits well for both researchers and industrial audiences.

Download or read book Environmental Microbial Biotechnology written by Lala Behari Sukla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a timely review of strategies for coping with polluted ecosystems by employing bacteria, fungi and algae. It presents the vast variety of microbial technologies currently applied in the bioremediation of a variety of anthropogenic toxic chemicals, mining and industrial wastes and other pollutants. Topics covered include: microbe-mineral interactions, biosensors in environmental monitoring, iron-mineral transformation, microbial biosurfactants, bioconversion of cotton gin waste to bioethanol, anaerobe bioleaching and sulfide oxidation. Further chapters discuss the effects of pollution on microbial diversity, as well as the role of microbes in the bioremediation of abandoned mining areas, industrial and horticultural wastes, wastewater and sites polluted with hydrocarbons, heavy metals, manganese and uranium.

Download or read book Treatise on Geochemistry written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 14787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!

Download or read book Gas hydrate appearance accumulation exploration and exploitation in continental margins volume 2 written by Pibo Su and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-13 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Past and Present Water Column Anoxia written by Lev N. Neretin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop, held in Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine, 4-8 October 2003

Download or read book Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology written by Arnold L. Demain and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The editors have enlisted a broad range of experts, including microbial ecologists, physiologists, geneticists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and biochemical engineers, who offer practical experience not found in texts and journals. This comprehensive perspective makes MIMB a valuable "how to" resource, the structure of which resembles the sequence of operation involved in the development of a commercial biological process and product.

Download or read book Processes in Microbial Ecology written by David L. Kirchman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial ecology is the study of interactions among microbes in natural environments and their roles in biogeochemical cycles, food web dynamics, and the evolution of life. Microbes are the most numerous organisms in the biosphere and mediate many critical reactions in elemental cycles and biogeochemical reactions. Because microbes are essential players in the carbon cycle and related processes, microbial ecology is a vital science for understanding the role of the biosphere in global warming and the response of natural ecosystems to climate change. This novel textbook discusses the major processes carried out by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and other protists - the microbes - in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. It focuses on biogeochemical processes, starting with primary production and the initial fixation of carbon into cellular biomass, before exploring how that carbon is degraded in both oxygen-rich (oxic) and oxygen-deficient (anoxic) environments. These biogeochemical processes are affected by ecological interactions, including competition for limiting nutrients, viral lysis, and predation by various protists in soils and aquatic habitats. The book neatly connects processes occurring at the micron scale to events happening at the global scale, including the carbon cycle and its connection to climate change issues. A final chapter is devoted to symbiosis and other relationships between microbes and larger organisms. Microbes have huge impacts not only on biogeochemical cycles, but also on the ecology and evolution of more complex forms of life, including Homo sapiens..

Download or read book Environmental Mineralogy written by J. D. Cotter-Howells and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Microbial and Natural Macromolecules written by Surajit Das and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial and Natural Macromolecules: Synthesis and Applications brings together active scientists and academicians in the field who share updated information and research outcomes from global experts. Microbial macromolecular diversity, molecular composure, genetics, usability of advanced molecular tools and techniques for their study as well as their applicability are discussed with detailed research perspectives. - Illustrates fundamental discoveries and methodological advancements - Discusses novel functional attributes of macromolecules - Updates progress on microbial macromolecular research

Download or read book Advances in Bacterial Electron Transport Systems and Their Regulation written by Robert K. Poole and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Microbial Physiology: Advances in Bacterial Electron Transport Systems and Their Regulation, the latest volume in the Advances in Microbial Physiology series, continues the long tradition of topical and important reviews in microbiology, with this latest volume focusing on the advances in bacterial electron transport systems and their regulation. - Contains contributions from leading authorities in the field of microbial physiology - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Presents a primary focus for this edition on the advances made in bacterial electron transport systems and their regulation

Download or read book Ehrlich s Geomicrobiology written by Henry Lutz Ehrlich and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in geomicrobiology have progressed at an accelerated pace in recent years. Ehrlich's Geomicrobiology, Sixth Edition surveys various aspects of the field, including the microbial role in elemental cycling and in the formation and degradation of minerals and fossil fuels. Unlike the fifth edition, the sixth includes many expert contributors

Download or read book In Situ Bioremediation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ bioremediationâ€"the use of microorganisms for on-site removal of contaminantsâ€"is potentially cheaper, faster, and safer than conventional cleanup methods. But in situ bioremediation is also clouded in uncertainty, controversy, and mistrust. This volume from the National Research Council provides direction for decisionmakers and offers detailed and readable explanations of: the processes involved in in situ bioremediation, circumstances in which it is best used, and methods of measurement, field testing, and modeling to evaluate the results of bioremediation projects. Bioremediation experts representing academic research, field practice, regulation, and industry provide accessible information and case examples; they explore how in situ bioremediation works, how it has developed since its first commercial use in 1972, and what research and education efforts are recommended for the future. The volume includes a series of perspective papers. The book will be immediately useful to policymakers, regulators, bioremediation practitioners and purchasers, environmental groups, concerned citizens, faculty, and students.

Download or read book Biogeochemistry written by W.H. Schlesinger and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-06-08 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Treatise on Geochemistry is the first work providing a comprehensive, integrated summary of the present state of geochemistry. It deals with all the major subjects in the field, ranging from the chemistry of the solar system to environmental geochemistry. The Treatise on Geochemistry has drawn on the expertise of outstanding scientists throughout the world, creating the reference work in geochemistry for the next decade. Each volume consists of fifteen to twenty-five chapters written by recognized authorities in their fields, and chosen by the Volume Editors in consultation with the Executive Editors. Particular emphasis has been placed on integrating the subject matter of the individual chapters and volumes. Elsevier also offers the Treatise on Geochemistry in electronic format via the online platform ScienceDirect, the most comprehensive database of academic research on the Internet today, enhanced by a suite of sophisticated linking, searching and retrieval tools.

Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.

Download or read book The Prokaryotes written by Edward F. DeLong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Prokaryotes is a comprehensive, multi-authored, peer reviewed reference work on Bacteria and Achaea. This fourth edition of The Prokaryotes is organized to cover all taxonomic diversity, using the family level to delineate chapters. Different from other resources, this new Springer product includes not only taxonomy, but also prokaryotic biology and technology of taxa in a broad context. Technological aspects highlight the usefulness of prokaryotes in processes and products, including biocontrol agents and as genetics tools. The content of the expanded fourth edition is divided into two parts: Part 1 contains review chapters dealing with the most important general concepts in molecular, applied and general prokaryote biology; Part 2 describes the known properties of specific taxonomic groups. Two completely new sections have been added to Part 1: bacterial communities and human bacteriology. The bacterial communities section reflects the growing realization that studies on pure cultures of bacteria have led to an incomplete picture of the microbial world for two fundamental reasons: the vast majority of bacteria in soil, water and associated with biological tissues are currently not culturable, and that an understanding of microbial ecology requires knowledge on how different bacterial species interact with each other in their natural environment. The new section on human microbiology deals with bacteria associated with healthy humans and bacterial pathogenesis. Each of the major human diseases caused by bacteria is reviewed, from identifying the pathogens by classical clinical and non-culturing techniques to the biochemical mechanisms of the disease process. The 4th edition of The Prokaryotes is the most complete resource on the biology of prokaryotes. The following volumes are published consecutively within the 4th Edition: Prokaryotic Biology and Symbiotic Associations Prokaryotic Communities and Ecophysiology Prokaryotic Physiology and Biochemistry Applied Bacteriology and Biotechnology Human Microbiology Actinobacteria Firmicutes Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria Other Major Lineages of Bacteria and the Archaea