Download or read book Experiments on Penetrating and Extensive Cosmic Ray Showers written by S. R. H. Haddara and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extensive Penetrating Shower of Cosmic Rays written by John Ise and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Lateral Distribution of Penetrating Particles in Cosmic Ray Extensive Air Showers Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The penetrating component of extensive air showers detected by the MIT air shower experiment at Harvard. Massachusetts, was observed with the aid of a large hodoscope shielded by 985 g/cm/sup 2/ of lead. The number of electrons, core location, and arrival direction of each shower were given by the air shower experiment. Mu-mesons associated with a shower could be identified by requiring the projected zenith single as measured by the hodoscope to agree with the known arrival direction of the shower. An auxiliary detector consisting of a single heavily shielded tray of counters was operated 920 m from the center or the array. In showers with zenith singles less than 25 deg the density of mu-mesons is proportional to r/sup -1.0 plus or minus 0.2/ for r between 20 and 150 m. (r is the distance from the shower core to the meson detector.) For r between 200 and 900 m the density is proportional to r/sup -2.2 plus or minus 0.1/. The shape of the lateral distribution changes as the zenith angle of the showers is increased. The nature of this change is such that the mesons is inclined showers are more spread out than those in vertical showers. The effect of the magnetic field of the earth on the lateral distribution is small. The meson density near the core is proportional to Ne/sup 0.79 plus or minus 0.05/ where Ne is the number of electrons in the shower. For showers with a constant observed number of electrons, the meson density near the core does not change with zenith angle. This fact implies that, in a shower of given primary energy, the density near the core decreases exponentially with depth with in absorption length of (253 plus or minus 40) g/cm/sup 2/. The fraction of the mu-mesons with ranges greater than 540 g/cm/sup 2/ of lead which are absorbed in an additional 360 g/cm/sup 2/ of lead is (9.9 plus or minus 1.5)%. This fraction is independent of distance to the core for r between 40 and 300 m. (auth).

Download or read book Experiments on Extensive Cosmic Ray Air Showers written by Ronald Herbert Wand and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Lateral Distribution of Penetrating Particles in Cosmic Ray Extensive Air Showers written by James Arthur Earl and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extensive Air Showers written by M. V. S. Rao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays carry information about their sources and the intervening medium apart from providing a beam of particles for studying certain features of high energy interactions currently inaccessible at man-made accelerators. They can at present be studied only via the extensive air showers (EAS's) they generate while passing through the Earth's atmosphere, since their fluxes are too low for the experiments of limited capability flown in balloons and satellites. The EAS is generated by a series of interactions of the primary cosmic ray and its progeny with the atmospheric nuclei. The exponential nature of the atmosphere spreads the air showers laterally over several hundreds of meters, thus enabling ground-based arrays of relatively inexpensive detectors to record and study them.This book describes the EAS phenomenology, the detectors and techniques used, and the latest results on the energy spectrum and composition of the primaries of EAS's and the results on high energy interactions obtained from EAS studies. It also describes the new TeV and PeV gamma ray astronomy (which has been developing over the past decade) and the newly emerging neutrino astronomy, which are related to the origin of cosmic rays.This book serves as an introduction as well as a reference for researchers in the field.

Download or read book A Hodoscope Study of Penetrating Cosmic ray Showers written by Kurt Sitte and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cosmic Rays written by A. M. Hillas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmic Rays is a two-part book that first elucidates the discovery, nature, and particles produced by cosmic rays. This part also looks into the primary cosmic radiation; radio waves from the galaxy; extensive air showers; origin of cosmic rays; and other cosmic radiations. Part 2 consists of reprinted papers involving cosmic rays. Papers 1 to 10 treat the nature of the radiation, arranged chronologically; in Papers 11 to 16 the scene moves away from the Earth.

Download or read book Cosmic Rays written by Lajos Jánossy and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cosmic Radiation written by University of Bristol and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extensive Air Showers written by William Galbraith and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Extensive Air Showers written by Peter K. F. Grieder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive air showers are a very unique phenomenon. In the more than six decades since their discovery by Auger and collaborators we have learned a lot about these extremely energetic events and gained deep insight into high-energy phenomena, particle physics and astrophysics. In this Tutorial, Reference Manual and Data Book Peter K. F. Grieder provides the reader with a comprehensive view of the phenomenology and facts of the various types of interactions and cascades, theoretical background, experimental methods, data evaluation and interpretation and air shower simulation. He discusses astrophysical aspects of the primary radiation and addresses remaining puzzling questions that cannot yet be answered. They remain as a challenge for present and future research in the field. The book is split into two volumes. Volume I deals mainly with the basic theoretical framework of the processes that determine an air shower and ends with a summary of ways and means to extract information from air shower observations on the primary radiation. It also presents a compilation of data of our current knowledge of the high energy portion of the primary spectrum and composition. Volume II contains mainly compilations of data of experimental and theoretical nature as well as predictions from simulations of individual air shower constituents. Also included are chapters dedicated exclusively to special processes and detection methods. Extensive up-to-date reference lists appear at the end of each chapter. Researchers and students working in the field of cosmic ray detection and astroparticle physics will appreciate finding this book in their library.

Download or read book A Cloud chamber Study of Cosmic ray Air Showers at Sea Level A Diffusion Cloud Chamber of Unusually Large Dimensions written by Kenneth Eldon Relf and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cosmic Rays written by A. W. Wolfendale and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cosmic ray Showers Produced by Penetrating Particles written by Zhuanying Zhao and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the Moscow Cosmic Ray Conference Extensive air showers and cascades process written by Georgiĭ Borisovich Zhdanov and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Penetrating Cosmic Ray Showers written by M. G. E. D. Nooh and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: