Download or read book Experimental Study of Thermal hydro mechanical Interaction for Enhanced Geothermal System written by Roshan Poudel and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the growing national and international interest in alternative energy resources, geothermal energy has attracted more research attentions, especially in the west region of the United States, where many abundant geothermal resources are yet to be explored. Geothermal energy is gaining more supports throughout the world because it is an affordable and environmentally friendly source of heat. The research goal of this experimental study is to facilitate the application of enhanced geothermal system through the understanding of thermal effects on the geomechanical and hydraulic characteristics of a geothermal rock reservoir. A small-scale experiment was conducted using a geometric scale model of 1:6. Concrete was used to simulate the rock for experimental purposes. The concrete was prepared in slabs to simulate rock mass with two designed horizontal discontinuities. The simulated reservoir was instrumented with strain gauges to measure strain, thermocouples to measure temperature, and piezometers to measure pore water pressure. The reservoir was connected tightly to a water circulation system that was equipped with a valve, a flow meter, a digital circulating water bath, two thermocouples, two pressure meters, and a water pump. Based on a test matrix of a constant water flow rate, three injected water temperatures (i.e., 15°C, 25°C and 35°C) and three reservoir temperatures (i.e., 50°C, 60°C and 70°C), a minimum nine sequential experiments were conducted, starting with the lowest water and reservoir temperatures. All measurements, including strains, temperatures, water pressures, and displacements, were recorded as a function of experiment duration. The results show that strain, pore water pressure, and head loss are related to the temperature difference of injection water and reservoir.
Download or read book Thermo Hydro Mechanical THM coupled simulations of innovative enhanced geothermal systems for heat and electricity production as well as energy storage written by Muhammad Haris and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2022-08-05 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) evolved from the hot dry rock can provide a significant amount of energy while shifting towards negligible carbon emission. In order to investigate some important issues related to EGS, several scenarios have been analyzed using powerful numerical tools (FLAC3Dplus and TOUGH2MP-TMVOC). While conducting multiple hydraulic fracturing, it is observed that the newly created successive fracture’s configuration highly depends on the previous one under the influence of stress shadow. Therefore, the assumption of using similar multiple fracture geometries and shapes for energy exploitation may lead to erroneous estimations. A case study has been performed further using the engineering data of the GeneSys project in the North German Basin. Numerous scenarios have been investigated, and the optimized EGS project is proposed, whose installed power capacity of one side of the injection well declines from 7.17 MW to 5.08 MW over 30 years. Moreover, the Levelized cost of electricity is calculated at 5.46 c$/kWh, which is quite economical compared to the current electricity price. Finally, an innovative concept of regenerative EGS is proposed by storing surplus renewable energy in multiple hydraulic fractures that can reduce the reservoir temperature reduction rate. The results of continuous injection/production cycles depicted that a regenerative EGS could be achieved in reality.
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Production Enhancement in Deep Geothermal Systems written by Bijay K C and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant amount of thermal energy is present in the deep hot dry bedrocks, which can be tapped to provide clean and renewable energy for future generations. Due to very low permeability, the hot dry bedrock is artificially stimulated to create a network of engineered fractures and enhance the permeability for economic energy extraction. Such systems are known as Enhanced (or Engineered) Geothermal Systems (EGS). Usually, in EGS, cold water injected through the injection well(s) exchanges heat as it passes through the engineered fracture network in the hot dry bedrock; hot water is then extracted from the production well(s), which can be used for direct heating or electricity generation via a binary or flash-steam power cycle. Injection-induced shear stimulation, commonly known as 'hydro-shearing' is often implemented in EGS to enhance reservoir permeability. Hydro-shearing enhances the reservoir permeability due to self-propping of asperities present on the fracture surface during fracture slip. However, the fracture slip can result in a seismic event, one of the major public concerns related to development of EGS. Moreover, the coupled Thermal-Hydrological-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) processes triggered due to fluid-fracture surface interactions in EGS reservoirs, reduces the fracture permeability leading to a decrease in production over time. Proppants, solid granular materials, can be used to prop open the fracture eliminating the necessity of fracture slip and hence minimizing the risk of induced seismicity. However, due to the limited application of proppants in EGS, our knowledge about proppants behavior and their long-term performance under EGS conditions is limited. In addition, perturbation in the state-of-stress acting on a fault (or fracture) in a reservoir due to operational activities such as stimulation/re-stimulation, injection, extraction, and water impoundment can also induce seismicity in a reservoir. In this study, we experimentally investigated (i) the impact of hydro-shearing on the fracture response to coupled THMC processes, (ii) the suitability of proppants to sustain the fracture permeability under EGS conditions, and (iii) fault/fracture reactivation due to stress perturbation in tensional and compressional faulting regime. The experimental results showed permanent permeability enhancement due to hydro-shearing. Hydro-shearing also resulted in enhanced mineral dissolution and gouge particles under EGS conditions. Proppants can be used to enhance the fracture permeability; however, the proppant can crush and embed on the fracture surface leading to permeability decline over time. In addition, the faults/fractures in extensional regime have higher affinity for slipping compared to the compressional regime. The insights from the experimental results in this study may be used to improve numerical and conceptual models of the EGS reservoir. For future experiments, it is recommended to use proppants at higher concentration and geothermal brine close to chemical equilibrium with rock (and proppants) minerals and more representative of field conditions to better understand the mechanical and chemical processes (dissolution/precipitation) affecting fracture permeability of EGS reservoir in long-term.
Download or read book Enhanced Geothermal Systems EGS written by Dornadula Chandrasekharam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-10-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Meisen, Past President, Global Energy Network Institute, asked in 1997, “What if there was an existing, viable technology, that when developed to its highest potential could increase everyone’s standard of living, cut fossil fuel demand and the resultant pollution?” After 23 years of sustained effort by the global scientific community, this is becoming a reality. The technology to extract heat from granite has been revolutionized in the last few years. The classical method of creating fracture networks by hydrofracturing is being replaced by a closed-loop method where fluids are not in contact with the hot granite. Supercritical CO2 is replacing water as a circulating fluid. Certainly, the future energy road is going to be led by highly radiogenic granites. While hydrothermal sources are site-specific and have their limitations, EGS can be initiated anywhere on earth. EGS is removing all such obstacles and, in the future, will provide uninterrupted electricity for all. Energy-deficient countries can have surplus electricity; water-stressed countries can have a perennial freshwater supply; and countries can become food-secure and rise above poverty levels. Countries need not depend on energy imports and can independently evolve into carbon neutral or low carbon societies. The contributions made by experts will help researchers and investors to close the energy demand and supply gap in the very near future by tapping the unlimited energy of the Earth. Opportunities available for investors in Turkey are well documented with field, geophysical, and geochemical data and information on the energy generating capacity of the granite intrusive spread over a cumulative area of 6,910 km2 in western Anatolia. With the signing of the Global Geothermal Alliance (GGA) by several countries during the December 2015 CoP 21 (Conference of Parties) summit in Paris, countries are obliged to reduce CO2 emissions by increasing the footprint of renewable energy in the primary source mix. Information provided in this book will lead the way to establishing a clean energy future for millions of people for sustainable development and help to mitigate crises arising due to food, water, and energy shortage issues. Academic and research institutes will benefit to a large extent from the expertise of the top contributors in this book. This information provided in this book will help to lay the foundation for super-hot EGS research in future.
Download or read book Geothermal Reservoir Engineering written by Malcolm Alister Grant and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As nations alike struggle to diversify and secure their power portfolios, geothermal energy, the essentially limitless heat emanating from the earth itself, is being harnessed at an unprecedented rate. For the last 25 years, engineers around the world tasked with taming this raw power have used Geothermal Reservoir Engineering as both a training manual and a professional reference. This long-awaited second edition of Geothermal Reservoir Engineering is a practical guide to the issues and tasks geothermal engineers encounter in the course of their daily jobs. The book focuses particularly on the evaluation of potential sites and provides detailed guidance on the field management of the power plants built on them. With over 100 pages of new material informed by the breakthroughs of the last 25 years, Geothermal Reservoir Engineering remains the only training tool and professional reference dedicated to advising both new and experienced geothermal reservoir engineers. The only resource available to help geothermal professionals make smart choices in field site selection and reservoir management Practical focus eschews theory and basics- getting right to the heart of the important issues encountered in the field Updates include coverage of advances in EGS (enhanced geothermal systems), well stimulation, well modeling, extensive field histories and preparing data for reservoir simulation Case studies provide cautionary tales and best practices that can only be imparted by a seasoned expert
Download or read book Numerical study of physico chemical interactions for CO2 sequestration and geothermal energy utilization in the Ordos Basin China written by Hejuan Liu and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-10 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, three simulators (i.e. TOUGH2MP, TOUGHREACT and FLAC3D) were used to simulate the complex physical and chemical interactions induced by CO2 sequestration. The simulations were done instages, ranging from the two phase (water and CO2) fluid flow (H2), through coupled hydro-mechanical effects (H2M) and geochemical responses (i.e. CO2-water-rock interactions (H2C)), to the extension of CCS to CCUS by the application of combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration technologies. The findings of this study are essential for a thorough understanding of the complex interactions in the multiphase, multicomponent porous media controlled by different physical and chemical mechanisms. Furthermore, the simulation results will provide an invaluable reference for field operations in CCS projects, especially for the full-integration pilot scale CCS project launched in the Ordos Basin. Subsequently, a preliminary site selection scheme for the combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration was set up, which considered various factorsinvolved in site selection, ranging from safety, economical, environmental and technical issues. This work provides an important framework for the combined geothermal production and CO2 sequestration project. However, further numerical and field studies are still needed to improve on a series of criteria and related parameters necessary for a better understanding of the technology.
Download or read book Numerical Model Studies of Enhanced Geothermal Systems written by Ivan Guillermo Vazquez Rubio and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) are being developed around the world as a method of extraction of thermal energy. A good EGS reservoir should maintain a small thermal drawdown and low water loss. All factors must be considered for optimal levels of energy production and assuring a long life span of the reservoir. It is where numerical simulation models are used as reservoir performance predictive tools to find these parameters. A benchmark problem for the Fenton Hill Phase I EGS was numerically simulated as the first task with four runs contemplating a single planar penny shape fracture in the rockmass with a given lateral extension. The first run evaluates a constant aperture fracture while the second run deals with a variable aperture, penny shape fracture. The third and fourth runs evaluate a similar model but with an increased backpressure in the reservoir. The second task is a challenge problem with multiple fractures in Fenton Hill Phase II. The geometry of the fractures had to be determined from the literature data that included dip, strike and depth information. MicroEarthQuakes (MEQ) data were also available from field measurements at Fenton Hill Phase II for graphical matching the fracture positions in the model in 3D AutoCAD. The fluid circulation was modeled assuming planar flow channels and using fine spatial discretization in the fracture volumes. Hydro-Mechanical processes are matched with experimental flow measurements data. Calibration was achieved by matching between the model prediction and the steady state injection flow test experiment at Fenton Hill Phase II.
Download or read book Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development Full Papers written by Sergio A.B. Fontoura and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 3791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains the proceedings of the 14th ISRM International Congress (ISRM 2019, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, 13-19 September 2019). Starting in 1966 in Lisbon, Portugal, the International Society for Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering (ISRM) holds its Congress every four years. At this 14th occasion, the Congress brings together researchers, professors, engineers and students around contemporary themes relevant to rock mechanics and rock engineering. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development contains 7 Keynote Lectures and 449 papers in ten chapters, covering topics ranging from fundamental research in rock mechanics, laboratory and experimental field studies, and petroleum, mining and civil engineering applications. Also included are the prestigious ISRM Award Lectures, the Leopold Muller Award Lecture by professor Peter K. Kaiser. and the Manuel Rocha Award Lecture by Dr. Quinghua Lei. Rock Mechanics for Natural Resources and Infrastructure Development is a must-read for academics, engineers and students involved in rock mechanics and engineering. Proceedings in Earth and geosciences - Volume 6 The ‘Proceedings in Earth and geosciences’ series contains proceedings of peer-reviewed international conferences dealing in earth and geosciences. The main topics covered by the series include: geotechnical engineering, underground construction, mining, rock mechanics, soil mechanics and hydrogeology.
Download or read book Mining the Earth s Heat Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy written by Donald W. Brown and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mining the Earth's Heat: Hot Dry Rock Geothermal Energy describes the work carried out by the Los Alamos National Laboratory to turn an idealistic concept - that of drawing useful amounts of energy from the vast underground store of hot rock at reachable depths - into a practical reality. This book provides comprehensive documentation of the over two decades of experiments carried out at the test site at Fenton Hill, New Mexico, where the feasibility of accessing and extracting this vast natural resource was finally demonstrated. It also discusses the numerous technical, administrative, and financial hurdles that had to be overcome along the way. This publication will no doubt prove invaluable to researchers around the world as they strive to move this now-proven technology toward commercial viability. In addition, it is a valuable source of relevant information for anyone interested in the world energy outlook for the 21st century and beyond.
Download or read book Coupled Thermo Hydro Mechanical Chemical Processes in Geo systems written by Ove Stephansson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-11-03 with total page 853 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the most important and exciting current steps forward in geo-engineering is the development of coupled numerical models. They represent the basic physics of geo-engineering processes which can include the effects of heat, water, mechanics and chemistry. Such models provide an integrating focus for the wide range of geo-engineering disciplines. The articles within this volume were originally presented at the inaugural GeoProc conference held in Stockholm and contain a collection of unusually high quality information not available elsewhere in an edited and coherent form. This collection not only benefits from the latest theoretical developments but also applies them to a number of practical and wide ranging applications. Examples include the environmental issues around radioactive waste disposal deep in rock, and the search for new reserves of oil and gas.
Download or read book Water Rock Interaction written by Oleg V. Chudaev and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water-rock interactions play an important role in nearly all physical and chemical processes operating on the Earth's surface and subsurface. This work contains the proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Water-Rock Interaction (WRI-8), held in Russia in 1995.
Download or read book Computational and Experimental Simulations in Engineering written by Kun Zhou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 1074 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hydro Mechanical Coupling and Creep Behaviours of Geomaterials written by Yanlin Zhao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Geotechnics written by Frank Wuttke and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 743 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Geotechnics includes 97 technical papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Energy Geotechnics (ICEGT 2016, Kiel, Germany, 29-31 August 2016). The contributions provides significant advances and critical challenges facing the areas of fundamentals, constitutive and numerical modelling, testing techniques and energy geotechnics applications. Energy Geotechnics contains seven regular sessions and six minisymposia, with contributions on discrete and continuum based modelling as well as investigations based on experimental studies at various scales. The papers on discrete and continuum based modelling examine the behaviour of gas hydrate sediments, cyclic and Themo-Hydro-Mechanical (T-H-M) modelling of energy piles, non-linear behaviour of energy geo-storage and geo-structures, deformation of geomaterials, modelling of borehole heat exchangers and energy walls, analysis of hydraulic fracturing and discontinuities in reservoirs, engineering problems involving gas hydrates sediments, and modelling of environmental impact of energy geotechnical processes.
Download or read book Geochemical Modeling of Groundwater Vadose and Geothermal Systems written by Jochen Bundschuh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical modeling is an important tool in environmental studies, and in the areas of subsurface and surface hydrology, pedology, water resources management, mining geology, geothermal resources, hydrocarbon geology, and related areas dealing with the exploration and extraction of natural resources. The book fills a gap in the literature through its discussion of geochemical modeling, which simulates the chemical and physical processes affecting the distribution of chemical species in liquid, gas, and solid phases. Geochemical modeling applies to a diversity of subsurface environments, from the vadose zone close to the Earth’s surface, down to deep-seated geothermal reservoirs. This book provides the fundamental thermodynamic concepts of liquid-gas-solid phase systems. It introduces the principal types of geochemical models, such as speciation, reaction-path or forward, inverse- and reactive-transport models, together with examples of the most common codes and the best-practices for constructing geochemical models. The physical laws describing homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions, their kinetics, and the transport of reactive solutes are presented. The partial differential or algebraic equations representing these laws, and the principal numerical methods that allow approximate solutions of these equations that can provide useful solutions to model different geochemical processes, are discussed in detail. Case studies applying geochemical models in different scientific areas and environmental settings, conclude the book. The book is addressed to students, teachers, other professionals, and to the institutions involved in water, geothermal and hydrocarbon resources, mining, and environmental management. The book should prove useful to undergraduate and graduate students, postgraduates, professional geologists and geophysicists, engineers, environmental scientists, soil scientists, hydrochemists, and others interested in water and geochemistry.
Download or read book Volcanic Unrest written by Joachim Gottsmann and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-18 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book summarizes the findings of the VUELCO project, a multi-disciplinary and cross-boundary research funded by the European Commission's 7th framework program. It comprises four broad topics: 1. The global significance of volcanic unrest 2. Geophysical and geochemical fingerprints of unrest and precursory activity 3. Magma dynamics leading to unrest phenomena 4. Bridging the gap between science and decision-making Volcanic unrest is a complex multi-hazard phenomenon. The fact that unrest may, or may not lead to an imminent eruption contributes significant uncertainty to short-term volcanic hazard and risk assessment. Although it is reasonable to assume that all eruptions are associated with precursory activity of some sort, the understanding of the causative links between subsurface processes, resulting unrest signals and imminent eruption is incomplete. When a volcano evolves from dormancy into a phase of unrest, important scientific, political and social questions need to be addressed. This book is aimed at graduate students, researchers of volcanic phenomena, professionals in volcanic hazard and risk assessment, observatory personnel, as well as emergency managers who wish to learn about the complex nature of volcanic unrest and how to utilize new findings to deal with unrest phenomena at scientific and emergency managing levels. This book is open access under a CC BY license.
