Download or read book Experimental Studies on the Use of Chemical Additives for Steam assisted Gravity Drainage written by Litan Li and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is a mature technique for bitumen recovery from oil sand reservoirs; however, it is an energy intensive process that requires large amounts of steam to heat and mobilize the bitumen. The purpose of this work was to find ways to improve SAGD performance using chemical additives. Key mechanisms were identified, a suite of high-temperature additive characterization tests was developed, and promising additives were tested in porous media. Based on the results, experimenters concluded that oil-water interfacial tension reduction held the most potential for improved recovery. A preliminary field-scale study was attempted using numerical simulation, which showed that wettability alteration and oil-water interfacial tension reduction had a positive impact on SAGD performance.
Download or read book Improved Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage SAGD Performance with Solvent as Steam Additive written by Weiqiang Li and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is used widely as a thermal recovery technique in Canada to produce a very viscous bitumen formation. The main research objectives of this simulation and experimental study are to investigate oil recovery mechanisms under SAGD process with different injection fluids, including steam, solvent or steam with solvent. 2D simulation studies based on typical Athabasca reservoir properties have been performed. Results show that a successful solvent co-injection design can utilize the advantages of solvent and steam. There is an optimal solvent type and concentration ratio range for a particular reservoir and operating condition. Long, continuous shale barriers located vertically above or near the wellbore delay production performance significantly. Co-injecting a multi-component solvent can flush out the oil in different areas with different drainage mechanisms from vaporized and liquid components. Placing an additional injector at the top of the reservoir results only in marginal improvement. The pure high-temperature diluent injection appears feasible, although further technical and economic evaluation of the process is required. A 2D scaled physical model was fabricated that represented in cross-section a half symmetry element of a typical SAGD drainage volume in Athabasca. The experimental results show co-injecting a solvent mixture of C7 and xylene with steam gives better production performance than the injection of pure steam or steam with C7 at the study condition. Compared to pure steam injection runs (Run 0 and 1), coinjecting C7 (Run 2) with steam increases the ultimate recovery factor of oil inside the cell from 25 percent to 29 percent and decreases the ultimate CSOR from 2.2 to 1.9 and the ultimate CEOR from 4892 J/cm 3 to 4326 J/cm 3 ; coinjecting C7 and Xylene (Run 3) increases the ultimate recovery factor of oil from 25 percent to 34 percent, and decreases the ultimate CSOR 2.2 to 1.6 and the ultimate CEOR from 4892 J/cm 3 to 3629 J/cm 3 . Analyses of the experimental results indicate that partial pressure and the near wellbore flow play important roles in production performance. In conclusion, a successful solvent injection design can effectively improve the production performance of SAGD. Further research on evaluating the performance of various hydrocarbon types as steam additives is desirable and recommended.
Download or read book Sustainable In Situ Heavy Oil and Bitumen Recovery written by Mohammadali Ahmadi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-03-24 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable In-Situ Heavy Oil and Bitumen Recovery: Techniques, Case Studies, and Environmental Considerations delivers a critical reference for today's energy engineers who want to gain an accurate understanding of anticipated GHG emissions in heavy oil recovery. Structured to break down every method with introductions, case studies, technical limitations and summaries, this reference gives engineers a look at the latest hybrid approaches needed to tackle heavy oil recoveries while calculating carbon footprints. Starting from basic definitions and rounding out with future challenges, this book will help energy engineers collectively evolve heavy oil recovery with sustainability applications in mind. - Explains environmental footprint considerations within each recovery method - Includes the latest hybrid methods such as Hybrid of Air-CO2N2 and Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS) - Bridges practical knowledge through case studies, summaries and remaining technical challenges
Download or read book Thermal Methods written by Abdolhossein Hemmati-Sarapardeh and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2023-04-18 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Methods, Volume Two, the latest release in the Enhanced Oil Recovery series, helps engineers focus on the latest developments in this fast-growing area. In the book, different techniques are described in addition to the latest technologies in data mining and hybrid processes. Supported field case studies are included to illustrate a bridge between research and practical applications, making it useful for both academics and practicing engineers. Structured to start with thermal concepts and steam flooding, the book's editors then advance to more complex content, guiding engineers into areas such as hybrid thermal methods and edgier technologies that bridge solar and nuclear energy. Supported by a full spectrum of contributors, this book gives petroleum engineers and researchers the latest research developments and field applications to drive innovation for the future of energy. - Presents the latest understanding surrounding the updated research and practical applications specific to thermal enhanced oil recovery methods - Provides an analysis of editors' research on available technology, including hybrid thermal-solvent processes and dual pipe configurations - Teaches about additional methods, such as data mining applications, and economic and environmental considerations
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Hybrid Steam Solvent Injection to Improve the Efficiency of the SAGD Process written by Mojtaba Ardali and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) has been demonstrated as a proven technology to unlock heavy oil and bitumen in Canadian reservoirs. Given the large energy requirements and volumes of emitted greenhouse gases from SAGD processes, there is a strong motivation to develop enhanced oil recovery processes with lower energy and emission intensities. In this study, the addition of solvents to steam has been examined to reduce the energy intensity of the SAGD process. Higher oil recovery, accelerated oil production rate, reduced steam-to-oil ratio, and more favorable economics are expected from the addition of suitable hydrocarbon additives to steam. A systematic approach was used to develop an effective hybrid steam/solvent injection to improve the SAGD process. Initially, an extensive parametric simulation study was carried out to find the suitable hydrocarbon additives and injection strategies. Simulation studies aim to narrow down hybrid steam/solvent processes, design suitable solvent type and concentration, and explain the mechanism of solvent addition to steam. In the experimental phase, the most promising solvents (n-hexane and n-heptane) were used with different injection strategies. Steam and hydrocarbon additives were injected in continuous or alternating schemes. The results of the integrated experimental and simulation study were used to better understand the mechanism of hybrid steam/solvent processes. Experimental and simulation results show that solvent co-injection with steam leads to a process with higher oil production, better oil recovery, and less energy intensity with more favorable economy. Solvent choice for hybrid steam/solvent injection is not solely dependent on the mobility improvement capability of the solvents but also reservoir properties and operational conditions such as operating pressure and injection strategy. Pure heated solvent injection requires significant quantities. A vaporized solvent chamber is not sustainable due to low latent heat of the solvents. Alternating steam and solvent injection provides heat for the solvent cycles and increases oil recovery. Co-injection of small volumes (5-15% by volume) of suitable solvents at the early times of the SAGD operation considerably improves the economics of the SAGD process. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149633
Download or read book The Fourth UNITAR UNDP International Conference on Heavy Crude and Tar Sands written by Richard F. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes for Heavy Oil Reservoirs written by Xiaohu Dong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hybrid Enhanced Oil Recovery Processes for Heavy Oil Reservoirs, Volume 73 systematically introduces these technologies. As the development of heavy oil reservoirs is emphasized, the petroleum industry is faced with the challenges of selecting cost-effective and environmentally friendly recovery processes. This book tackles these challenges with the introduction and investigation of a variety of hybrid EOR processes. In addition, it addresses the application of these hybrid EOR processes in onshore and offshore heavy oil reservoirs, including theoretical, experimental and simulation approaches. This book will be very useful for petroleum engineers, technicians, academics and students who need to study the hybrid EOR processes, In addition, it will provide an excellent reference for field operations by the petroleum industry. Introduces emerging hybrid EOR processes and their technical details Includes case studies to help readers understand the application potential of hybrid EOR processes from different points-of-view Features theoretical, experimental and simulation studies to help readers understand the advantages and challenges of each process
Download or read book Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage written by Lance A. Hobbs and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts Literature and Patents written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improved Modeling of the Steam assisted Gravity Drainage SAGD Process written by Prince Nnamdi Azom and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) Process involves the injection of steam through a horizontal well and the production of heavy oil through a lower horizontal well. Several authors have tried to model this process using analytical, semi-analytical and fully numerical means. In this dissertation, we improve the predictive ability of previous models by accounting for the effect of anisotropy, the effect of heat transfer on capillarity and the effect of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion formation and transport which serves to enhance heat transfer during SAGD. We account for the effect of anisotropy during SAGD by performing elliptical transformation of the resultant gravity head and resultant oil drainage vectors on to a space described by the vertical and horizontal permeabilities. Our results, show that unlike for the isotropic case, the effect of anisotropy is time dependent and there exists a given time beyond which it ceases to have any effect on SAGD rates. This result will impact well spacing design and optimization during SAGD. Butler et al. (1981) derived their classical SAGD model by solving a 1-D heat conservation equation for single phase flow. This model has excellent predictive capability at experimental scales but performs poorly at field scales. By assuming a linear saturation -- temperature relationship, Sharma and Gates (2010b) developed a model that accounts for multiphase flow ahead of the steam chamber interface. In this work, by decomposing capillary pressure into its saturation and temperature components, we coupled the mass and energy conservation equations and showed that the multi-scale, multiphase flow phenomenon occurring during SAGD is the classical Marangoni (or thermo-capillary) effect which can be characterized by the Marangoni number. At low Marangoni numbers (typical of experimental scales) we get the Butler solution while at high Marangoni numbers (typical of field scales), we approximate the Sharma and Gates solution. The Marangoni flow concept was extended to the Expanding Solvent SAGD (ES-SAGD) process and our results show that there exists a given Marangoni number threshold below which the ES-SAGD process will not fare better than the SAGD process. Experimental results presented in Sasaki et al. (2002) demonstrate the existence of water-in-oil emulsions adjacent to the steam chamber wall during SAGD. In this work we show that these emulsions enhanced heat transfer at the chamber wall and hence oil recovery. We postulate that these W/O emulsions are principally hot water droplets that carry convective heat energy. We perform calculations to show that their presence can practically double the effective heat transfer coefficient across the steam chamber interface which overcomes the effect of reduced oil rates due to the increased emulsified phase viscosity. Our results also compared well with published experimental data. The SAGD (and ES-SAGD) process is a short length-scaled process and hence, short length-scaled phenomena (typically ignored in other EOR or conventional processes) such as thermo-capillarity and in-situ emulsification should not be ignored in predicting SAGD recoveries. This work will find unique application in predictive models used as fast proxies for predicting SAGD recovery and for history matching purposes.
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Information Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Patrizio Raffa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at presenting, describing, and summarizing the latest advances in polymer flooding regarding the chemical synthesis of the EOR agents and the numerical simulation of compositional models in porous media, including a description of the possible applications of nanotechnology acting as a booster of traditional chemical EOR processes. A large part of the world economy depends nowadays on non-renewable energy sources, most of them of fossil origin. Though the search for and the development of newer, greener, and more sustainable sources have been going on for the last decades, humanity is still fossil-fuel dependent. Primary and secondary oil recovery techniques merely produce up to a half of the Original Oil In Place. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes are aimed at further increasing this value. Among these, chemical EOR techniques (including polymer flooding) present a great potential in low- and medium-viscosity oilfields. • Describes recent advances in chemical enhanced oil recovery. • Contains detailed description of polymer flooding and nanotechnology as promising boosting tools for EOR. • Includes both experimental and theoretical studies. About the Authors Patrizio Raffa is Assistant Professor at the University of Groningen. He focuses on design and synthesis of new polymeric materials optimized for industrial applications such as EOR, coatings and smart materials. He (co)authored about 40 articles in peer reviewed journals. Pablo Druetta works as lecturer at the University of Groningen (RUG) and as engineering consultant. He received his Ph.D. from RUG in 2018 and has been teaching at a graduate level for 15 years. His research focus lies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Download or read book Colloids and Interfaces in Oil Recovery written by Spencer Taylor and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well-known that colloid and interface science and petroleum production are inextricably linked. Whether in the reservoir, with its porous structure, or during recovery, crude oil is intimately associated with rock surfaces and with water, often in the form of emulsions. This situation leads to highly complex systems, comprising multiple colloids and interfaces, which require to be optimized if oil is to be recovered efficiently, both in terms of economic cost and with due concern for the environment. This book contains a compilation of contemporary research topics which illustrate various aspects of the importance of colloids and interfaces in crude oil recovery through modifying conditions between the rock, crude oil, and water in the reservoir, in order to achieve improved oil recovery. The specific topics covered relate both to conventional oils, in which waterflooding is the most common secondary and tertiary means of recovery, and to non-conventional heavy oil and natural bitumen, which require thermal recovery methods, owing to their high viscosity.
Download or read book Energy Gain Efficiency in Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage SAGD written by Najeeb Alharthy and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
