Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Wax Deposition in Polyethylene Pipe written by Xiangrui Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax deposition is an intrinsic problem existing in the production and transportation of waxy crude oil. In the oilfield, non-metallic pipe especially polyethylene pipe has been widely used to solve corrosion problems. However, few experimental studies focused on wax deposition in polyethylene pipes in recent decades. In the present research, a series of polyethylene (PE) and stainless steel (SS) flow-loop experiments with waxy crude oil were performed to investigate the variation of wax deposit thickness under the laminar flow regime. Unlike the SS pipe, it was found that the deposit layer was not formed in the first few hours for PE pipe. The effects of surface roughness and free energy were analyzed and employed to elucidate the deposition delay for PE pipe. Besides, the difference of heat transfer characteristics between the SS pipe and PE pipe also influences the formation of wax deposit layer. The comparisons and findings of wax deposition between the two kinds of pipes have provided a significant reference for the application of non-metallic pipe in the oilfield.
Download or read book Wax Deposition written by Zhenyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr
Download or read book An experimental investigation of paraffin wax deposition in a batch oscillatory baffled column written by Lukman Ismail and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental and Field Verification Study of Wax Deposition in Turbulent Flow written by Amrinder Singh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asphaltene Deposition written by Francisco M. Vargas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-16 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As global consumption of fossil fuels such as oil increases, previously abundant sources have become depleted or plagued with obstructions. Asphaltene deposition is one of such obstructions which can significantly decrease the rate of oil production. This book offers concise yet thorough coverage of the complex problem of asphaltene precipitation and deposition in oil production. It covers fundamentals of chemistry, stabilization theories and mechanistic approaches of asphaltene behavior at high temperature and pressure. Asphaltene Deposition: Fundamentals, Prediction, Prevention, and Remediation explains techniques for experimental determination of asphaltene precipitation and deposition and different modeling tools available to forecast the occurrence and magnitude of asphaltene deposition in a given oil field. It discusses strategies for mitigation of asphaltene deposition using chemical inhibition and corresponding challenges, best practices for asphaltene remediation, current research, and case studies.
Download or read book Processing of Heavy Crude Oils written by Ramasamy Marappa Gounder and published by . This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental and Modeling Studies of Wax Deposition in Crude Oil Carrying Pipelines written by Sandeep Todi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental Study on Single Phase Wax Deposition in Turbulent Flow Conditions by Using Model Oil MO 14 written by Jatin Agarwal and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Study of wax deposition in petroleum pipelines written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deposição de parafinas de alto peso molecular nas paredes internas de linhas submarinas de produção e transporte é um dos problemas críticos encontrados pela indústria de petróleo. O acúmulo de material depositado podeocasionar um aumento na potência de bombeamento requerida, diminuição da vazão ou mesmo o bloqueio completo da linha com conseqüente perda de produção e de investimentos. O presente trabalho realizou uma análise detalhada da literatura sobre deposição de parafina onde concluiu-se que não existe evidência experimental suficiente para definir qual o mecanismo básico responsável pela deposiçãodos cristais de parafina. Baseado no resultado da revisão bibliográfica foram realizados estudos experimentais e simulações numéricas sobre a deposição de parafina no interior de dutos. O trabalho foi direcionado para a condução de estudos de caráter fundamental onde buscou-se, através de experimentos simples, tentar contribuir para o melhor entendimento dos mecanismos de deposição de parafina. Experimentos com deposição em cavidades contendo fluido estagnado e em escoamento laminar produziram resultados para a evolução temporal e espacial da frente de deposição ainda não disponíveis na literatura. O modelo numérico puramente difusivo proposto no presente trabalho para deposição em cavidades com fluido estagnado, subestima os valores de espessura de depósito quando comparados com os valores experimentais observados. As observações realizadas não foram suficientes para corroborar a hipóteseque a deposição de parafina é devida somente ao mecanismo de difusão molecular.
Download or read book The Deposition and Rheology of Organic Gels written by Ramachandran Venkatesan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fouling in Refineries written by James G. Speight and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-14 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fouling in Refineries is an important and ongoing problem that directly affects energy efficiency resulting in increased costs, production losses, and even unit shutdown, requiring costly expenditures to clean up equipment and return capacity to positive levels. This text addresses this common challenge for the hydrocarbon processing community within each unit of the refinery. As refineries today face a greater challenge of accepting harder to process heavier crudes and the ongoing flow of the lighter shale oil feedstocks, resulting in bigger challenges to balance product stability within their process equipment, this text seeks to inform all relative refinery personnel on how to monitor fouling, characterize the deposits, and follow all available treatments. With basic modeling and chemistry of fouling and each unit covered, users will learn how to operate at maximum production rates and elongate the efficiency of their refinery's capacity. - Presents an understanding of the breakdown of fouling per refinery unit, including distillation and coking units - Provides all the factors, crude types, and refining blends that cause fouling, especially the unconventional feedstocks and high acid crudes used today - Helps users develop an analysis-based treatment and control strategy that empowers them to operate refinery equipment at a level that prevents fouling from occurring
Download or read book ICIPEG 2014 written by Mariyamni Awang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-20 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Integrated Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences 2014 (ICIPEG2014). Topics covered on the petroleum engineering side include reservoir modeling and simulation, enhanced oil recovery, unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, production and operation. Similarly geoscience presentations cover diverse areas in geology, geophysics palaeontology and geochemistry. The selected papers focus on current interests in petroleum engineering and geoscience. This book will be a bridge between engineers, geoscientists, academicians and industry.
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Active Heating in Removal of Wax Deposits written by Elijah Bell and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trends in Oil and Gas Corrosion Research and Technologies written by A. M. El-Sherik and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-09 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trends in Oil and Gas Corrosion Research and Technologies: Production and Transmission delivers the most up-to-date and highly multidisciplinary reference available to identify emerging developments, fundamental mechanisms and the technologies necessary in one unified source. Starting with a brief explanation on corrosion management that also addresses today's most challenging issues for oil and gas production and transmission operations, the book dives into the latest advances in microbiology-influenced corrosion and other corrosion threats, such as stress corrosion cracking and hydrogen damage just to name a few. In addition, it covers testing and monitoring techniques, such as molecular microbiology and online monitoring for surface and subsurface facilities, mitigation tools, including coatings, nano-packaged biocides, modeling and prediction, cathodic protection and new steels and non-metallics. Rounding out with an extensive glossary and list of abbreviations, the book equips upstream and midstream corrosion professionals in the oil and gas industry with the most advanced collection of topics and solutions to responsibly help solve today's oil and gas corrosion challenges. - Covers the latest in corrosion mitigation techniques, such as corrosion inhibitors, biocides, non-metallics, coatings, and modeling and prediction - Solves knowledge gaps with the most current technology and discoveries on specific corrosion mechanisms, highlighting where future research and industry efforts should be concentrated - Achieves practical and balanced understanding with a full spectrum of subjects presented from multiple academic and world-renowned contributors in the industry
Download or read book Evaluation of Wax Deposition and Its Control During Production of Alaska North Slope Oils written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing oil demand, oil companies are moving into arctic environments and deep-water areas for oil production. In these regions of lower temperatures, wax deposits begin to form when the temperature in the wellbore falls below wax appearance temperature (WAT). This condition leads to reduced production rates and larger pressure drops. Wax problems in production wells are very costly due to production down time for removal of wax. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a solution to wax deposition. In order to develop a solution to wax deposition, it is essential to characterize the crude oil and study phase behavior properties. The main objective of this project was to characterize Alaskan North Slope crude oil and study the phase behavior, which was further used to develop a dynamic wax deposition model. This report summarizes the results of the various experimental studies. The subtasks completed during this study include measurement of density, molecular weight, viscosity, pour point, wax appearance temperature, wax content, rate of wax deposition using cold finger, compositional characterization of crude oil and wax obtained from wax content, gas-oil ratio, and phase behavior experiments including constant composition expansion and differential liberation. Also, included in this report is the development of a thermodynamic model to predict wax precipitation. From the experimental study of wax appearance temperature, it was found that wax can start to precipitate at temperatures as high as 40.6 C. The WAT obtained from cross-polar microscopy and viscometry was compared, and it was discovered that WAT from viscometry is overestimated. From the pour point experiment it was found that crude oil can cease to flow at a temperature of 12 C. From the experimental results of wax content, it is evident that the wax content in Alaskan North Slope crude oil can be as high as 28.57%. The highest gas-oil ratio for a live oil sample was observed to be 619.26 SCF/STB. The bubblepoint pressure for live oil samples varied between 1600 psi and 2100 psi. Wax precipitation is one of the most important phenomena in wax deposition and, hence, needs to be modeled. There are various models present in the literature. Won's model, which considers the wax phase as a non-ideal solution, and Pedersen's model, which considers the wax phase as an ideal solution, were compared. Comparison indicated that Pedersen's model gives better results, but the assumption of wax phase as an ideal solution is not realistic. Hence, Won's model was modified to consider different precipitation characteristics of the various constituents in the hydrocarbon fraction. The results obtained from the modified Won's model were compared with existing models, and it was found that predictions from the modified model are encouraging.
Download or read book Crime Scene Investigation written by National Institute of Justice (U.S.). Technical Working Group on Crime Scene Investigation and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a guide to recommended practices for crime scene investigation. The guide is presented in five major sections, with sub-sections as noted: (1) Arriving at the Scene: Initial Response/Prioritization of Efforts (receipt of information, safety procedures, emergency care, secure and control persons at the scene, boundaries, turn over control of the scene and brief investigator/s in charge, document actions and observations); (2) Preliminary Documentation and Evaluation of the Scene (scene assessment, "walk-through" and initial documentation); (3) Processing the Scene (team composition, contamination control, documentation and prioritize, collect, preserve, inventory, package, transport, and submit evidence); (4) Completing and Recording the Crime Scene Investigation (establish debriefing team, perform final survey, document the scene); and (5) Crime Scene Equipment (initial responding officers, investigator/evidence technician, evidence collection kits).
Download or read book Adhesion and Adhesives written by Anthony J. Kinloch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, or so, the growth in the use of adhesives, especially in ever more technically demanding applications, has been rapid and many major developments in the technology of adhesives have been reported. This growth has also led to attention being focused on somewhat more basic studies of the science of adhesion and adhesives, and in recent years our level of fundamental knowledge concerning the formation and mechanical performance of adhesive joints has increased dramatically. Such studies have, of course, been aided greatly by the development of the tools at the disposal of the investigators. For example, specific surface analytical techniques, such as X-ray photoelectron and secondary-ion mass spectroscopy, and the increasingly sophisticated methods of stress analysis and fracture mechanics have been put to good use in furthering our understanding of the science of adhesion and adhesives. The present book attempts to review the multidisciplined subject of adhesion and adhesives, considering both the science and technology involved in the formation and mechanical performance of adhesive joints. The author would like to thank his friends and colleagues for useful discus sions and help in the preparation of this book. I am particularly grateful to P. Cawley, J. Comyn, W. A. Lees, A. C. Roulin-Moloney, W. C. Wake, J. G. Williams and R. J. Young who have read and commented on various chapters and P. Farr for preparing the diagrams.
