Download or read book Experimental Attempt to Metallize Hydrogen at Very High Pressures written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallic hydrogen is potential candidate as a high energy density material. The possibility of metallizing hydrogen by submitting it to very high pressures has been experimentally investigated. Great advances have been made in this study. Pressures as high as 2.3 megabar on hydrogen have been obtained in diamond anvil cells (DACs). Several new phase transitions have been observed in the megabar pressure region. One of these, called the hydrogen-A (H-A) phase is believed to be the metallic molecular phase of hydrogen. However, current limitations on the optical techniques available to diamond anvil cell research have prevented direct determination of the conductive state and techniques for the direct measurement of the dc electrical conductivity are still under development. Band structure calculations have shown that metallization may be profoundly affected by molecular orientational order. Other observed phase transitions are believed to be associated with orientational order and fundamental changes in the molecular symmetry at high densities. A pulsed NMR system for studying very small samples of hydrogen has been constructed and will be useful in analyzing the nature of high density hydrogen. Metallic hydrogen, high pressure.
Download or read book The Metal Nonmetal Transition Revisited written by P. Edwards and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text surveys the various aspects of the fundamental problem related to the metallic and non-metallic states of matter, a question physicists have been studying for almost 100 years. The book poses questions and challenges in this area, as well as highlighting present understandings of the topic. Topics covered by the book include physics of dense ionized metal plasmas; metallic hydrogen; pressure-induced metallization; the M-I transition in doped semiconductors; transport studies in doped semiconductors near the metal-insulator transition; new results in old oxides; metal-insulator transition in 3d transition metal perovskite oxides investigated by high-energy spectroscopies; alkali metal-alkali halide melts; hopping conductivity in granular metals revisited; superconductor-insulator transition in cuprates; molecular metals and superconductors; shear induced chemical reactivity; shear, co-ordination and metallization; quantum diffusion and decoherence; the Mott transition; recent results, more and surprises; Mott-Hubbard-Anderson models.
Download or read book Experimental Studies of Metallic Hydrogen at Very High Pressures written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic hydrogen, because of its small mass and large recombination energy, is theoretically the most promising of all chemical propellants. Currently the best existing chemical propellant is the molecular hydrogen-oxygen fuel. Even in the liquid form, because of its low density, these fuels require large storage tanks, which add to the weight of a vehicle. Thus metallic hydrogen has two important advantages: it has a large specific impulse and its density will be more than an order of magnitude larger than that of ambient liquid hydrogen. Together these factors provide enormous advantages in rocket propulsion and are the reason for investigating the feasibility of producing metallic hydrogen in the laboratory. It is now known that to produce the atomic metallic phase by the brute force method of compression of molecular hydrogen, pressures in the range of 2-5 megabars are required. Achieving pressures in the 1- to 2-megabar range, under careful laboratory conditions using diamond anvils, is now fairly routine. With some care, higher pressures have been achieved. jg p7.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Pressure Shock Compression of Solids VIII written by L.C. Chhabildas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in the field of shock physics and ballistic impact has always been intimately tied to progress in development of facilities for accelerating projectiles to high velocity and instrumentation for recording impact phenomena. The chapters of this book, written by leading US and European experts, cover a broad range of topics and address researchers concerned with questions of material behaviour under impulsive loading and the equations of state of matter, as well as the design of suitable instrumentation such as gas guns and high-speed diagnostics. Applications include high-speed impact dynamics, the inner composition of planets, syntheses of new materials and materials processing. Among the more technologically oriented applications treated is the testing of the flight characteristics of aeroballistic models and the assessment of impacts in the aerospace industry.
Download or read book Ultracondensed Matter by Dynamic Compression written by William J. Nellis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dynamic compression is an experimental technique with interdisciplinary uses, ranging from enabling the creation of ultracondensed matter under previously impossible conditions to understanding the likely cause of unusual planetary magnetic fields. Readers can now gain an intuitive understanding of dynamic compression; clear and authoritative chapters examine its history and experimental method, as well as key topics including dynamic compression of liquid hydrogen, rare gas fluids and shock-induced opacity. Through an up-to-date history of dynamic compression research, Nellis also clearly shows how dynamic compression addresses and will continue to address major unanswered questions across the scientific disciplines. The past and future role of dynamic compression in studying and making materials at extreme conditions of pressure, density and temperature is made clear, and the means of doing so are explained in practical language perfectly suited for researchers and graduate students alike.
Download or read book Frontiers of High Pressure Research II Application of High Pressure to Low Dimensional Novel Electronic Materials written by Hans D. Hochheimer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent interactions with industrial companies it became quite obvious, that the search for new materials with strong anisotropic properties are of paramount importance for the development of new advanced electronic and magnetic devices. The questions concerning the tailoring of materials with large anisotropic electrical and thermal conductivity were asked over and over again. It became also quite clear that the chance to answer these questions and to find new materials which have these desired properties would demand close collaborations between scientists from different fields. Modem techniques ofcontrolled materials synthesis and advances in measurement and modeling have made clear that multiscale complexity is intrinsic to complex electronic materials, both organic and inorganic. A unified approach to classes of these materials is urgently needed, requiring interdisciplinary input from chemistry, materials science, and solid state physics. Only in this way can they be controlled and exploited for increasingly stringent demands oftechnology. The spatial and temporal complexity is driven by strong, often competing couplings between spin, charge and lattice degrees offreedom, which determine structure-function relationships. The nature of these couplings is a sensitive function of electron-electron, electron-lattice, and spin-lattice interactions; noise and disorder, external fields (magnetic, optical, pressure, etc. ), and dimensionality. In particular, these physical influences control broken-symmetry ground states (charge and spin ordered, ferroelectric, superconducting), metal-insulator transitions, and excitations with respect to broken-symmetries created by chemical- or photo-doping, especially in the form of polaronic or excitonic self-trapping.
Download or read book High Pressure Phenomena written by M. Bernasconi and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reports on the Enrico Fermi School, the first one dedicated to advanced organic materials. The main research results and open problems in science and technology of organic nanostructures have been discussed here - in particular, growth techniques, electronic and optical properties and device applications. The necessary background material has been covered and interdisciplinary aspects have been emphasized with the aim of a unified approach to the basic physical phenomena bridging the gap between standard graduate courses and the state of the art in the field.
Download or read book The Lightest Metals written by Timothy P. Hanusa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first seven metals in the periodic table are lithium, beryllium, sodium, magnesium, aluminium, potassium and calcium, known collectively as the “lightest metals”. The growing uses of these seven elements are enmeshing them ever more firmly into critical areas of 21st century technology, including energy storage, catalysis, and various applications of nanoscience. This volume provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals and recent advances in the science and technology of the lightest metals. Opening chapters of the book describe major physical and chemical properties of the metals, their occurrence and issues of long-term availability. The book goes on to disucss a broad range of chemical features, including low oxidation state chemistry, organometallics, metal-centered NMR spectroscopy, and cation-π interactions. Current and emerging applications of the metals are presented, including lithium-ion battery technology, hydrogen storage chemistry, superconductor materials, transparent ceramics, nano-enhanced catalysis, and research into photosynthesis and photoelectrochemical cells. The content from this book will be added online to the Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry: http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eibc
Download or read book The Physics of a Lifetime written by Vitaly L. Ginzburg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every reader interested in understanding the important problems in physics and astrophysics and their historic development over the past 60 years will enjoy this book immensely. The philosophy, history and the individual views of famous scientists of the 20th century known personally to the author, make this book fascinating for non-physicists, too.
Download or read book Science Technology Review written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Equation of State in Astrophysics written by G. CHABRIER (Ed) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-08-11 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique review of our understanding of dense ionised matter in astrophysical contexts - essential reading for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Water Flowing in a Small Tube written by Howard L. McGill and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introductory Raman Spectroscopy written by John R. Ferraro and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-01-13 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Introductory Raman Spectroscopy serves as a guide to newcomers who wish to become acquainted with this dynamic technique. Written by three acknowledged experts this title uses examples to illustrate the usefulness of the technique of Raman spectroscopy in such diverse areas as forensic science, biochemistry, medical, pharmaceutical prescription and illicit drugs. The technique also has many uses in industry. - Updated Applications chapter - Demonstrated the versatility and utility of Raman spectroscopy in problem solving in science - Serves as an excellent reference text for both beginners and more advanced students - Discusses new applications of Raman spectroscopy in industry and research
Download or read book Static and Dynamic High Pressure Mineral Physics written by Yingwei Fei and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-24 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High pressure mineral physics is a field that has shaped our understanding of deep planetary interiors and revealed new material phenomena occurring at extreme conditions. Comprised of sixteen chapters written by well-established experts, this book covers recent advances in static and dynamic compression techniques and enhanced diagnostic capabilities, including synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction, spectroscopic measurements, in situ X-ray diffraction under dynamic loading, and multigrain crystallography at megabar pressures. Applications range from measuring equations of state, elasticity, and deformation of materials at high pressure, to high pressure synthesis, thermochemistry of high pressure phases, and new molecular compounds and superconductivity under extreme conditions. This book also introduces experimental geochemistry in the laser-heated diamond-anvil cell enabled by the focused ion beam technique for sample recovery and quantitative chemical analysis at submicron scale. Each chapter ends with an insightful perspective of future directions, making it an invaluable source for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book Frontiers in Mineral Physics written by Stephen J. Mackwell and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
