Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Plant animal Interactions written by Stephen Garrett Vail and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Animal Interactions written by Kleber Del-Claro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-04 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides the first overview of plant-animal interactions for twenty years focused on the needs of students and professors. It discusses a range of topics from the basic structures of plant-animal interactions to their evolutionary implications in producing and maintaining biodiversity. It also highlights innovative aspects of plant-animal interactions that can represent highly productive research avenues, making it a valuable resource for anyone interested in a future career in ecology. Written by leading experts, and employing a variety of didactic tools, the book is useful for students and teachers involved in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses addressing areas such as herbivory, trophic relationships, plant defense, pollination and biodiversity.
Download or read book Plant Animal Interactions written by Carlos M. Herrera and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-13 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interactions between plants and animals are incredibly diverse and complex and span terrestrial, atmospheric and aquatic environments. The last decade has seen the emergence of a vast quantity of data on the subject and there is now a perceived need among both teachers and undergraduate students for a new textbook that incorporates the numerous recent advances made in the field. The book is intended for use by advanced level undergraduate and beginning graduate students, taking related courses in wider ecology degree programmes. Very few books cover this subject and those that do are out of date.
Download or read book Mutualistic Interactions between Flowering Plants and Animals written by Palatty Allesh Sinu and published by Manipal Universal Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The plant-animal interactions, both mutualistic and antagonistic, play a crucial role in the diversification of plants and animals, and are important in functioning of communities in their natural habitats. The mutual interactions between the flowering plants and the animals, in pollination and seed dispersal, largely determine the reproductive success of the flowering plants. Maintenence of these eco-services is critical for the sustainability of our biodiversity. India,with its rich biodiversity and leveling of crop yields in recent years would benefit from research in the area of plant-animal interactions. This volume includes chapters on various aspects of mutualistic plant-animal interactions. In particular the fundamental and applied aspects of ecoservices – pollination and seed dispersal are covered comprehensively. It also covers tritrophic interaction and the potential of genomics in studies on the plant-animal interactions. The book will be of interest to post-graduate students, teachers and researchers in the areas of Biology, Ecology, Botany, Zoology, Agri-horticulture, Forestry, and Conservation Biology.
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Positive Plant Interactions and Community Dynamics written by Francisco Pugnaire and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-02-09 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since the concept of the "struggle for life" became the heart of Darwin's theory of evolution, biologists have studied the relevance of interactions for the natural history and evolution of organisms. Although positive interactions among plants have traditionally received little attention, there is now a growing body of evidence showing the ef
Download or read book Plant animal interactions in Mediterranean type ecosystems written by Margarita Arianoutsou-Faraggitaki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sixth International Conference on Mediterranean Climate ecosystems was held at Maleme (Crete), Greece, from September 23 to September 27, 1991. This conference had as its theme 'Plant-Animal Interactions in Mediterranean-type Ecosystems'. Most of the papers presented to that meeting have already been published (see Thanos, C.A. ed., 1992, Proceedings of the VI International Conference on Mediterranean Climate Ecosystems, Athens, 389 pp.). These 57 papers were all necessarily short. But the theme of plant-animal interactions was considered by the Organizing Committee to be so important to a fundamental understanding of the ecology of Mediterranean-climate ecosystems and to an enhanced management ·of those systems that various international research scientists were invited to prepare longer contributions on major aspects of the overall theme. The Book that follows represents the result of those invitations. All five regions of Mediterranean climate are represented - Chile, California, southern Australia and the Cape Province of South Africa, as well as the Mediterranean Basin itself.
Download or read book Community Level Consequences of Plant Herbivore Interactions written by Tania N. Kim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: Ecological systems are dynamic, yet many experimental studies examine plant-herbivore interactions as from a simple, static, or single perspective. Reciprocal interactions can have profound effects on communities, and ignoring such feedbacks can result in mismatches between theoretical predictions and experimental results. In this dissertation, I examined reciprocal interactions between two plant species, Solanum carolinense and Solidago altissima and their insect herbivores. In chapter 2, I examined how insect herbivores influenced plant competition and coexistence. Theory suggests that herbivores influence plant communities by altering competitive interactions. Because the outcome of competition is influenced by both the per capita competitive ability of plants and demographic processes including density dependence and intrinsic population growth rates, measuring herbivore effects on all these processes is necessary to understand the mechanisms by which herbivores influence plant communities. I fit alternative competition models to data from a response surface experiment conducted over four years to examine how herbivores affected the outcome of competition between two perennial plants, Solanum carolinense and Solidago altissima . Within a growing season, herbivores reduced Solanum plant size, but did not affect Solidago, which exhibited compensatory growth. Across seasons, herbivores did not affect the density of Solanum but reduced both the density and population growth of Solidago. The best fit models indicated that the effects of herbivores varied with year. In some years, herbivores increased the per capita competitive effects of Solidago on Solanum; in other years herbivores influenced the intrinsic population growth rates of Solidago. I examined herbivore effects on the longer-term outcome of competition (over the time-scale of a typical old-field habitat) using simulations based on the best fit models. In the absence of herbivores, plant coexistence was observed. In the presence of herbivores, Solanum was excluded by Solidago in 60% of the simulations. I demonstrated that herbivores can influence the outcome of competition through both changes in per capita competitive effects and changes in demographic processes. I discuss the implications of these results for ecological succession and biocontrol. In chapter 3, I examined how plant community composition influenced damage patterns on plants. Neighboring plants can increase (associational susceptibility) or decrease (associational resistance) the likelihood of damage to a focal plant but their long-term consequences for plant competition and coexistence are unclear. Neighbor effects on damage can occur through changes in the relative density of the focal plant (i.e., frequency of the focal plant), the absolute density of the focal plant, or through the total density of plants, because the different mechanisms known to influence damage patterns (e.g., pest suppression by predators, herbivore foraging behavior, plant quality) respond to different features of the neighborhood. To examine the long-term consequences of neighbor effects for plant communities, an understanding of how density and frequency of plants influence damage is needed. Using a response surface experimental design, I examined the effects of plant density and frequency on damage to Solanum carolinense. I found non-linear effects of the frequency of heterospecific neighbors (Solidago altissima) on Solanum damage, and a positive effect of Solanum density on damage. The non-linear pattern suggests that multiple mechanisms may be operating to influence damage. Non-linear patterns may be common in other habitats but might be overlooked because traditional neighborhood studies use a very narrow range of densities in their experiments. I encourage future neighborhood studies to use response surface designs to determine the prevalence of non-linear relationships in nature. In chapter 4, I examined how neighborhood composition (i.e. plant density and frequency) influenced four mechanisms known to influence damage to plants (predator suppression, foraging behavior of herbivores, plant quality, and microclimate) using a response surface experimental design. An associational effect was observed between Solanum damage and the frequency of a heterospecific neighbor (Solidago altissima). Predator abundance and richness, soil moisture, and herbivore foraging strategies were all influenced by the frequency of Solidago, suggesting that these mechanisms may contribute to associational susceptibility in this interaction. Other mechanisms (microclimate and plant quality) were influenced by Solidago and total plant densities, respectively. This study showed that different mechanisms can be influenced by different components of the neighborhood and most likely interacts to influence damage to plants. I discuss the implications of these finding for agriculture and for understanding the long-term consequences of damage for plant communities. In chapter 5, I examined how herbivory, herbivore community composition, plant nutrient content, and herbivore performance varied with latitude. A longstanding theory in biogeography is that species interactions, including herbivory, are stronger in southern latitudes compared to those in the north. Because of this, the latitudinal gradients (LG) hypothesis in damage and plant defenses predicts that plants should be better defended in the tropics because selection for plant defenses is greater. Recent empirical studies suggest that the predictions from this hypothesis may be limited to a narrow range of systems (e.g. salt marshes). In efforts to understand why LG in herbivory and plant defenses are not prevalent as once thought, I examined relationships between herbivore abundance and richness, plant nutrient content, and latitude in old-field systems. I also examined latitudinal gradients in herbivore performance using generalist and specialist herbivores. Some relationships with latitude matched predictions from the LG hypothesis (e.g. plant nutrient content, damage to Solidago altissima), while others had opposite relationships (e.g. herbivore abundance and richness, damage to Solanum carolinense), and some relationships varied with leaf longevity. Herbivore responses varied with diet specialization and the exact relationship with latitude (linear, non-linear, positive, negative, or no relationship) varied with herbivore species. These results suggest that the predictions from the LG hypothesis are too simple; a more thorough investigation of relationships between herbivore abundance, damage, and plant resistance in other wide-ranging systems is needed.
Download or read book Plant Animal Interactions An Ecological Approach written by Isaac Clements and published by Syrawood Publishing House. This book was released on 2018-02-13 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant-animal interactions are biological processes that occur between plants and animals in an ecosystem. Biodiversity is a key factor in the propagation and sustenance of an ecosystem. The symbiotic relationships that are formed by different species contribute to vital environmental processes such as pollination, seed dispersal, etc. Species evolution also depends on the surrounding environment. Natural resources are common for all species and cooperation and competition depends on the availability of food and water. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. With state-of-the-art inputs by acclaimed experts of this field, this book targets students and professionals.
Download or read book Microbial Mediation of Plant Herbivore Interactions written by Pedro Barbosa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1991-09-03 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Aspects of Insect-Plant Interactions Edited by Pedro Barbosa and Deborah K. Letourneau Focusing on three trophic levels, this study widens the current understanding of the ecological interactions between plants, herbivores, and their parasitoids and predators. Emphasized are the mediating effects of plant-derived allelochemicals on those interactions. The book also covers microorganisms as mediators of intertrophic and intratrophic interactions; theory and mechanisms: plant effects via allelochemicals on the third trophic level; and key roles of plant allelochemicals in survival strategies of herbivores. 1988 (0 471-83276-6) 362 pp. Plant-Animal Interactions Evolutionary Ecology in Tropical and Temperate Regions Edited by Peter W. Price, Thomas M. Lewinsohn, G. Wilson Fernandes and Woodruff W. Benson An outgrowth of an international symposium on Evolutionary Ecology of Tropical Herbivores held at UNICAMP, Brazil, this unique collaborative effort from leading scientists worldwide is the first comparative analysis of the existing ecological systems of temperate and tropical regions. In-depth and timely, the book's manifold analyses includes a discussion of tropical and temperate comparisons; mutualistic relationships between plants and animals; antagonistic relationships between plants and animals; plant-butterfly interactions; specificity in plant utilization; and community patterns in natural and agricultural systems. Amply illustrated with 150 detailed graphics, the book provides a fascinating visual tour of the flora and fauna described. 1991 (0 471-50937-X) 639 pp. Integrated Pest Management Systems and Cotton Production Edited by Raymond E. Frisbie, Kamal M. El-Zik and L. Ted Wilson This work sheds light on the link between the thriving U.S. cotton crop and integrated pest management. It offers a unique theoretical and conceptual framework for studying the cotton-IPM system. Other relevant issues such as the development and use of pest models, quantitative sampling principles in cotton IPM, economic injury levels and thresholds for cotton pests, and strategies and tactics for managing weeds, plant pathogens, nematodes, and insects are also described. Covering every facet of IPM technology, this is a significant contribution to the literature of pest management. 1989 (0 471-81782-1) 437 pp.
Download or read book Plant Animal Interaction written by Dr. Keshamma E. and published by Book Saga Publications. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antagonism between plants and animals seems to be the source of mutually beneficial relationships. When the benefits outweigh the costs, making an enemy your partner pays off in the long run. In this sense, some authors suggest that plants' conquest over the land environments was primarily due to mutualistic relationships with pollinators and dispersers. Several studies have demonstrated that plants with scattered habitats could cross-breed more effectively and efficiently through pollination by flying animals. Additionally, the dispersal of seeds has caused distant places to be colonized, and non-mutualistic herbivores are having difficulty finding new individuals due to seed dispersal. In addition to the specialization of a few plants, particularly microhabitats, long-distance dissemination decreased herbivore and parasite populations.
Download or read book Experimental Ecology written by William J. Resetarits and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimentation is a dominant approach in contemporary ecological research, pervading studies at all levels of biological organization and across diverse taxa and habitats. Experimental Ecology assembles an eminent group of ecologists who synthesize insights from these varied sources into a cogent statement about experimentalism as an analytical paradigm, placing experimentation within the larger framework of ecological investigation. The book discusses diverse experimental approaches ranging from laboratory microcosms to manipulation of entire ecosystem, illustrating the myriad ways experiments strengthen ecological inference. Experimental ecologists critique their science to move the field forward on all fronts: from better designs, to better links between experiments and theory, to more realism in experiments targeted at specific systems and questions.
Download or read book Plant Animal Interactions written by Peter W. Price and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1991-02-05 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Novel Aspects of Insect-Plant Interactions Edited by Pedro Barbosa and Deborah K. Letourneau Focusing on three trophic levels, this study widens the current understanding of the ecological interactions between plants, herbivores, and their parasitoids and predators. Emphasized are the mediating effects of plant-derived allelochemicals on those interactions. The text also covers microorganisms as mediators of intertrophic and intratrophic interactions; theory and mechanisms: plant effects via allelochemicals on the third trophic level; and key roles of plant allelochemicals in survival strategies of herbivores. 1988 (0 471-83276-6) 362 pp. Plant Stress-Insect Interactions Edited by E. A. Heinrichs "This is a far-reaching, seminal book that summarizes our understanding of the complexity of real-world ecology." —Choice This first major overview of the various abiotic and biotic stresses on plants outlines in detail what impact their responses have on their suitability as insect hosts. The effects of abiotic stress are catalogued in up-to-date research from leading specialists. The implications of plant stress on global food production in this era of diminishing croplands and rising populations is described, as well as avenues for the development of tolerant crop cultivars. 1988 (0 471-82648-0) 492 pp. Plant Resistance to Insects A Fundamental Approach C. Michael Smith This comprehensive text—developed out of the author’s vast field and academic experience—describes how biological and agricultural scientists identify and develop plant materials resistant to insects. Covers terminology and categories of resistance; investigative techniques for studying plant resistance; and crop management systems that use insect-resistant cultivars. Supplemented with tables detailing types and numbers of insect-resistant plant cultivars in the U.S. and formulae on quantifying plant tolerance of insects. 1989 (0 471-84938-3) 286 pp.
Download or read book Plant animal Interactions written by Warren G. Abrahamson and published by New York, NY : Macmillan Publishing Company. This book was released on 1987 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Animal Communication written by H. Martin Schaefer and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-04-07 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communication is an essential factor underpinning the interactions between species and the structure of their communities. Plant-animal interactions are particularly diverse due to the complex nature of their mutualistic and antagonistic relationships. However the evolution of communication and the underlying mechanisms responsible remain poorly understood. Plant-Animal Communication is a timely summary of the latest research and ideas on the ecological and evolutionary foundations of communication between plants and animals, including discussions of fundamental concepts such as deception, reliability, and camouflage. It introduces how the sensory world of animals shapes the various modes of communication employed, laying out the basics of vision, scent, acoustic, and gustatory communication. Subsequent chapters discuss how plants communicate in these sensory modes to attract animals to facilitate seed dispersal, pollination, and carnivory, and how they communicate to defend themselves against herbivores. Potential avenues for productive theoretical and empirical research are clearly identified, and suggestions for novel empirical approaches to the study of communication in general are outlined.
Download or read book Effects of Resource Distribution on Animal Plant Interactions written by Mark D. Hunter and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aimed primarily at advanced graduate students and professional biologists, this book explores the degree to which animal*b1plant interactions are determined by plant and animal variability. Many of the patterns seen in natural communities appear to result from cascading effects up as well as down the trophic system. Variability among primary producers can influence animal and plant population quality and dynamics, community structure, and the evolution of animal*b1plant interations.
Download or read book Plant animal Interactions written by Warren G. Abrahamson and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1989 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thorough coverage of multitrophic-level plant-animal interactions. Discusses a wide range of significant aspects, such as herbivore-plant interactions (with coverage of insects as well as mammals), carnivorous plant ecology and evolution, pollination and population dispersal agents, plant communities as habitats for animals, interactions in agroecosystems, and coevolution.
