Download or read book Experimental and Theoretical Rotordynamic Coefficients and Leakage of Straight Smooth Annular Gas Seals written by Bradley Gray Kerr and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results are presented for experimental and theoretical rotordynamic coefficients and leakage of straight smooth annular gas seals. Experimental rotordynamic coefficients were measured and trends in changes of rotordynamic coefficients with operating variables such as rotor speed, back-pressure, fluid preswirl, and seal clearance are analyzed. Experimental results show that cross-coupled stiffness coefficients are highly influenced by fluid preswirl and only moderately influenced by other operating parameters, whereas direct damping is nearly unaffected by changes in operating parameters. Effective damping, a good indicator of stability, is highly affected by fluid preswirl. Although rotordynamic coefficients of straight smooth annular gas seals are assumed to be frequency independent, experimental results suggest a frequency dependent nature at high back-pressures and high excitation frequencies. Experimental results for rotordynamic coefficients and leakage are compared with theoretical predictions of ISOTSEAL, an isothermal-flow, two-control-volume, bulk-flow rotordynamic analysis program. All rotordynamic coefficients are underpredicted. Direct stiffness is poorly predicted while cross-coupled stiffness and direct damping are predicted reasonably well. Leakage is also consistently under-predicted. Theory predicts a slight frequency dependent nature for a limited number of test configurations.

Download or read book A Comparison of Experimental and Theoretical Results for Leakage Pressure Gradient and Rotordynamic Coefficients for Tapered Annular Gas Seals written by David Alan Elrod and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparison of Experimental and Theoretical Results for Leakage Pressure Distribution and Rotordynamic Coefficients for Annular Gas Seals written by Colby Oran Nicks and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Theory Versus Experiment of the Rotordynamic and Leakage Characteristics of Smooth Annular Bushing Oil Seals written by Vittorio G Culotta and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis provides a comparison of experimental rotordynamic coefficients for laminar, smooth bushing oil seals to theoretical predictions from XLLubeGT and XLAnSeal. The experimental results come from a new test rig developed at the Turbomachinery Laboratory at Texas A & M University. The two software programs were developed to predict the static and dynamic characteristics of seals. XLLubeGT is a Reynolds equation based program while XLAnSeal is based on a bulk-flow Navier-Stokes model that includes temporal and convective acceleration terms. XLAnSeal was used to predict the added-mass terms of the seals since XLLubeGT assumes those terms to be zero or negligible. The data used for input into the two seals code was the actual measured conditions from the test rig. As part of the input parameters, inlet inertia effects and thermal gradients along the seal were included. Both XLLubeGT and XLAnSeal have the capability to analyze straight bore seals with different inlet and outlet clearances - essentially a tapered seal - but seal expansion caused by the radial differential pressure across the seal bushing was not included. Theoretical and experimentally determined dynamic characteristics include stiffness, damping, inertia terms and Whirl Frequency Ratio (WFR). Seal static characteristics are also reported. They include: leakage, shaft center line loci and Reynolds numbers. Test conditions include three shaft speeds: 4000, 7000 and 10,000 rpm, three test pressures: 21, 45 and 69 bar [300, 650, and 1000 psi] and multiple eccentricities from 0.0 to 0.7. The results for the dynamic characteristics show good correlation of the experimental data to the theoretical values up to an eccentricity of about 0.5. At higher eccentricities, the theory generally under-predicts the dynamic characteristics. Inertia terms are greatly under-predicted. The results for the static characteristics also show good correlation to the experimental data, but they also have a tendency to be under-predicted at higher eccentricities.

Download or read book Test Versus Predictions for Rotordynamic and Leakage Characteristics of a Convergent tapered Honeycomb stator smooth rotor Annular Gas Seal written by Daniel Eduardo Van Der Velde Alvarez and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the results for measured and predicted rotordynamic coefficients and leakage for a convergent-tapered honeycomb seal (CTHC). The test seals had a diameter of 114.968 mm (4.5263 in) at the entrance, and a diameter of 114.709 mm (4.5161 in) at the exit. The honeycomb cell depth was 3.175 mm (0.125 in), and the cell width was 0.79 mm (0.0311 in). Measurements are reported with air as the test fluid at three different speeds: 10,200, 15,200, and 20,200 rpm; with a supply pressure of 69 bar (1,000 psi), with exit-to-inlet pressure ratios from 20% to 50%, and using two rotors that are 114.3 mm (4.500 in) and 114.5 mm (4.508 in) respectively; this enables the same seals to be tested under two different conditions. The q factor, which is just a simple way to quantify taper is defined as the taperangle seal parameter and is calculated using the inlet and exit radial clearance. Two taper-angles parameters were calculated; q = 0.24 for the 114.3 mm (4.500 in) rotor, and q = 0.386 for the 114.5 mm (4.508 in) rotor. The q = 0.24 condition was compared to a constant clearance honeycomb seal (CCHC q = 0) because both sets of data were taken with the same rotor diameter. The direct stiffness, effective stiffness, and direct damping coefficients were larger for q = 0.24. The CTHC q = 0.24 eliminates the direct negative static stiffness obtained with CCHC (q = 0). The cross-coupled stiffness and damping also were larger for q = 0.24, especially at low frequencies. Effective damping is one of the best indicators in determining the stability of a roughened stator annular gas seal. The frequency at which it changes sign is called the cross-over frequency. In applications, this frequency needs to be lower than the rotorsystem0́9s first natural frequency. Otherwise, the seal will be highly destabilizing instead of highly stabilizing. The magnitude of effective damping and the cross-over frequency also increases with q for all frequencies. Constant clearance honeycomb seals have less leakage than convergenttapered honeycomb seals. CTHC (q = 0.24), has approximately 20 percent more leakage than CCHC (q = 0). The experimental results for rotordynamic characteristics and leakage were compared to theoretical predictions by the two-control-volume developed by Kleynhans and Childs. All rotordynamic coefficients were reasonably predicted for all cases. The model does a better job predicting the cross-coupled stiffness and damping coefficients rather than the direct stiffness and damping coefficients. Also, the two-control-volume model predicts the dynamic characteristics of CCHC (q = 0) better, and does not predict well the effective stiffness and damping for CTHC q = 0.386.

Download or read book A Comparison of Experimental Results and Theoretical Predictions for the Rotordynamic Coefficients of Stepped Annular Gas Seals written by Mark Stephen Dunn and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparison of the Theoretical and Experimental Rotordynamic Coefficients for Compressible Flow in a Smooth Annular Seal written by Christopher Hale Connor and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Rotordynamic Coefficients for a Smooth Gas Seal at Eccentric Operation written by Christopher Richard Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis for Leakage and Rotordynamic Coefficients of Surface roughened Tapered Annular Gas Seals written by C. C. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparison of Experimental and Theoretical Results for Rotordynamic Coefficients for Labyrinth Gas Seals written by Joseph Kirk Scharrer and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rotordynamic Force Coefficients of Pocket Damper Seals written by Bugra Han Ertas and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present work describes experiments conducted on several pocket damper seal (PDS) designs using a high pressure annular gas seal test rig. Both rotating and non-rotating tests were conducted for a 12, 8, and 6 bladed PDS. The objective of the tests was to determine the rotordynamic force coefficients and leakage for the different PDS while varying parameters such as: (1) clearance ratio, (2) rotor surface speed, (3) PDS pressure differential, and (4) excitation frequency. Two different methods were used to determine frequency dependent force coefficients: (1) the impedance method, which involved using a baseline subtraction and (2) the dynamic pressure response method, which comprised of measuring seal cavity dynamic pressure and phase relationship to vibration. Both methods were used to determine coefficients, but the dynamic pressure response method revealed insights to the dynamics of the PDS that were the first of its kind and allowed the comparison to the damper seal theory at the most fundamental of levels. The results indicated that the conventional PDS possessed high positive damping, negative and positive stiffness, and same sign cross-coupled coefficients. Another objective of the work is to investigate a new fully partitioned PDS design and accompany experimental results with the development of a modified damper seal theory. The new fully partitioned PDS design was shown to give twice as much damping as the conventional design and revealed the ability to modify direct stiffness without degradation in direct damping. Finally, both the conventional theory and the newly proposed theory predictions are compared to experimentally determined force coefficients. The last objective was to evaluate the leakage characteristics of the different designs and to investigate the effect of blade profile on seal leakage. Results showed that beveled tooth blade profiles yield higher mass flow leakage compared to rectangular blade profiles.

Download or read book Measurements Versus Predictions for Rotordynamic Coefficients and Leakage Rates for a Novel Hole pattern Gas Seal written by Brent Alan Seifert and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results are presented for measured and predicted rotordynamic coefficients and leakage for hole-pattern seals with a hole depth that varies axially along the seal. Testing was done to discover how pressure ratio, inlet preswirl, and rotor speed affect the seals' rotordynamic characteristics and leakage. The results were compared to a constant hole depth hole-pattern seal. Experimental results show that the seals' rotordynamic characteristics are not strongly influenced by pressure ratio. There were three preswirl conditions tested, each separated by a 6.9 bar (100psi) difference in inlet pressure. Therefore, normalized preswirl results were compared. The normalized results indicate that introducing inlet fluid preswirl affects the cross coupled stiffness and effective damping coefficients. Inlet preswirl increases the magnitude of cross-coupled stiffness. Effective damping decreases with inlet preswirl, as well as the effective damping cross-over frequency increasing. These results indicate that swirl brakes would be of great value. Rotor speed had a significant effect on the cross-coupled coefficients; both increased with speed. Experimental results were compared to results for a constant hole depth hole pattern seal. The variable hole-depth seal has higher direct damping. The cross-coupled stiffness and cross-coupled damping coefficients were very similar. The direct stiffness was always lower at lower frequencies and higher at higher frequencies for the variable hole depth hole-pattern seal. This was also the case for effective stiffness. The effective damping of the variable hole-depth seal was not only larger than for the constant hole depth seal, it also had a drastically lower cross-over frequency. The difference in cross-over frequency was 40 percent on average. Experimental results for rotordynamic characteristics and leakage were compared to theoretical predictions by ISOTSEAL 2, a modified version of ISOTSEAL. Both cross-coupled stiffness and damping are reasonably predicted. Direct damping is always under-predicted. ISOTSEAL 2 does a poor job of predicting direct stiffness. Direct stiffness is over-predicted at lower frequencies and under-predicted at higherfrequencies. This is also the case for effective stiffness. ISOTSEAL 2 under-predicts the direct damping, but does an excellent job of predicting the direct damping crossover frequency. Seal leakage is well predicted by ISOTSEAL 2.

Download or read book Experimental Versus Theoretical Comparison of the Effects of Taper and Static Eccentricity on the Rotordynamic Coefficients of Short Smooth High speed Liquid Annular Seals written by William Todd Lindsey and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comparison of Experimental Rotordynamic Coefficients and Leakage Characteristics Between Hole pattern Gas Damper Seals and a Honeycomb Seal written by Zeping Yu and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented at the International Gas Turbine & Aeroengine Congress & Exhibition, Orlando, FL, Jun 2-Jun 5, 1997.

Download or read book Experimental Rotordynamic Coefficient Results for Honeycomb Seals written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test results (leakage and rotordynamic coefficients) are presented for seven honeycomb-stator smooth-rotor seals. Tests were carried out with air at rotor speeds up to 16,000 cpm and supply pressures up to 8.2 bars. Test results for the seven seals are compared, and the most stable configuration is identified based on the whirl frequency ratio. Results from tests of a smooth-rotor/smooth-stator seal, a teeth-on-stator labyrinth seal, and the most stable honeycomb seal are compared. Elrod, David A. and Childs, Dara W. Unspecified Center AERODYNAMIC COEFFICIENTS; HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES; LABYRINTH SEALS; LEAKAGE; ROTOR AERODYNAMICS; STATORS; COMPARISON; TABLES (DATA); TEST EQUIPMENT...

Download or read book Analysis and Testing for Rotordynamic Coefficients of Grooved Turbulent Annular Seals written by Chang-Ho Kim and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Leakage and Rotordynamic Effects of Pocket Damper Seals and See through Labyrinth Seals written by Ahmed Mohamed Gamal Eldin and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation discusses research on the leakage and rotordynamic characteristics of pocket damper seals (PDS) and see-through labyrinth seals, presents and evaluates models for labyrinth seal and PDS leakage and PDS force coefficients, and compares these seals to other annular gas seals. Low-pressure experimental results are used alongside previously-published high-pressure labyrinth and PDS data to evaluate the models. Effects of major seal design parameters; blade thickness, blade spacing, blade profile, and cavity depth; on seal leakage, as well as the effect of operating a seal in an off-center position, are examined through a series of non-rotating tests. Two reconfigurable seal designs were used, which enabled testing labyrinth seals and PDS with two to six blades. Leakage and pressure measurements were made with air as the working fluid on twenty-two seal configurations. Increasing seal blade thickness reduced leakage by the largest amount. Blade profile results were more equivocal, indicating that both profile and thickness affected leakage, but that the influence of one factor partially negated the influence of the other. Seal leakage increased with increased eccentricity at lower supply pressures, but that this effect was attenuated for higher pressure drops. While cavity depth effects were minor, reducing depths reduced leakage up to a point beyond which leakage increased, indicating that an optimum cavity depth existed. Changing blade spacing produced results almost as significant as those for blade thickness, showing that reducing spacing can detrimentally affect leakage to the point of negating the benefit of inserting additional blades. Tests to determine the effect of PDS partition walls showed that they reduce axial leakage. The pressure drop was found to be highest across the first blade of a seal for low pressure drops, but the pressure drop distribution became parabolic for high pressure drops with the largest drop across the last blade. Thirteen leakage equations made up of a base equations, a flow factor, and a kinetic energy carryover factor were examined. The importance of the carryover coefficient was made evident and a modified carryover coefficient is suggested. Existing fully partitioned PDS models were expanded to accommodate seals of various geometries.