Download or read book Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Seismic Performance of Stair Systems in Buildings written by Xiang Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stairs serve as an essential nonstructural system within buildings, providing a safe means of egress as well as much needed access for emergency responders following an earthquake. Unfortunately, the state of knowledge regarding the seismic behavior of these critical systems is limited, despite the fact that past earthquakes repeatedly reveal that stair systems are highly vulnerable to damage even in low- or moderate-intensity earthquakes. As a result, disruptions to building functionality, delayed rescue operations, and life safety hazards ensue. To this end, this dissertation presents a first-of-its-kind experimental investigation of the seismic behavior of a prefabricated steel stair system incorporated in a full-scale five-story building shake table test program. These system-level tests allowed investigation of the seismic behavior of these systems under realistic installation and dynamic loading conditions. In this work, the modal characteristics of the stair system identified using white noise base excitation test data as well as the physical observations of the stair system during earthquake tests of increasing intensities are presented. Analysis of the earthquake response of the stair system particularly focuses on associating their behavior with the seismic demands of the test building and the associated implications on seismic design. These shake table tests highlight the seismic vulnerability of modern designed stair systems and in particular the importance of improving the deformability of flight-to-building connections. The second part of this work involves a comprehensive computational study to capture at first the salient seismic response characteristics of prefabricated steel stairs in isolated configurations and subsequently the key response characteristics of building-stair systems. Detailed three-dimensional finite element models of a pair of prefabricated steel stairs are developed and their efficacy evaluated through extensive comparison with experimental data. The validated modeling approach is then used in a parametric assessment of the seismic behavior of stair systems using a broader range of design variables commonly found in practice. Subsequently, a system-level numerical study is conducted to investigate the interaction between buildings and stair systems and the associated impacts on building response characteristics as well as estimated stair loss using a probabilistic seismic analysis framework. Simulation results indicate that although the presence of stairs does not significantly modify the seismic response of buildings, enhancing the stair deformability can effectively mitigate the severity of seismic damage and loss of these critical nonstructural systems.
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Seismic Performance of Low Rise Masonry Veneer Buildings written by Hussein Okail and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents an experimental and analytical evaluation of the seismic performance of clay masonry veneer in wood-stud buildings. The experimental program involved the shaking-table testing of eleven wall assemblies as well as a full-scale one-story building. Walls were subjected to separate in- and out-of-plane seismic excitation. The specimens had different anchor types, anchor spacing, aspect ratio, presence and absence of joint reinforcement and window openings. All the specimens were designed and constructed in accordance with the prescriptive requirements of the MSJC for masonry veneer for Seismic Design Categories D and E. The shaking-table tests showed that veneer complying with the current MSJC provisions can sustain ground motions far in excess of representative Design Basis and Maximum Considered Earthquakes for Seismic Design Categories D and E. The out-of-plane response was governed by the anchor axial strength. The in-plane response was characterized by veneer sliding for the squat panels and a combination of rocking and sliding for the slender ones. Experiments showed the possible reduction of the extraction capacities of the nails due to high moisture content in wood studs. Test data showed that veneers oriented parallel to the direction of shaking could restrain the wood structure. However, slender rocking veneer panels would induce additional seismic force to the wood structure under severe excitation. In the analytical phase of the research, numerical models were developed and calibrated by the experimental results. The models were capable of capturing the displacement and acceleration responses of the tested specimens as well as the failure mechanisms. The models were used to conduct parametric studies to examine the influence of different design variables on veneer response, including the effect of in-plane veneer on the seismic performance of wood-stud shear walls, and the behavior of two-story veneers under out-of-plane seismic excitation. The dissertation finally proposes a set of recommendations to improve current design provisions. Results highlighted the need for a minimum anchor strength requirement to assure a satisfactory level of performance under the Design Basis and Maximum Considered Earthquakes. The mass of the squat veneers oriented parallel to the direction of motion should not be treated as merely added mass.
Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 1988 Catalog written by Rebecca J. Pardee and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Risk Assessment and Retrofitting written by Alper Ilki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-03 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many more people are coming to live in earthquake-prone areas, especially urban ones. Many such areas contain low-rise, low-cost housing, while little money is available to retrofit the buildings to avoid total collapse and thus potentially save lives. The lack of money, especially in developing countries, is exacerbated by difficulties with administration, implementation and public awareness. The future of modern earthquake engineering will come to be dominated by new kinds of measuring technologies, new materials developed especially for low-rise, low-cost buildings, simpler and thus lower cost options for retrofitting, cost cutting and raising public awareness. The book covers all the areas involved in this complex issue, from the prevention of total building collapse, through improvement techniques, to legal, financial, taxation and social issues. The contributors have all made valuable contributions in their own particular fields; all of them are or have been closely involved with the issues that can arise in seismic zones in any country. The recent research results published here offer invaluable pointers to practicing engineers and administrators, as well as other scientists whose work involves saving the lives and property of the many millions of people who live and work in hazardous buildings.
Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance Based Seismic Design for Tall Buildings written by Ramin Golesorkhi and published by . This book was released on 2017-10-30 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) is a structural design methodology that has become more common in urban centers around the world, particularly for the design of high-rise buildings. The primary benefit of PBSD is that it substantiates exceptions to prescribed code requirements, such as height limits applied to specific structural systems, and allows project teams to demonstrate higher performance levels for structures during a seismic event.However, the methodology also involves significantly more effort in the analysis and design stages, with verification of building performance required at multiple seismic demand levels using Nonlinear Response History Analysis (NRHA). The design process also requires substantial knowledge of overall building performance and analytical modeling, in order to proportion and detail structural systems to meet specific performance objectives.This CTBUH Technical Guide provides structural engineers, developers, and contractors with a general understanding of the PBSD process by presenting case studies that demonstrate the issues commonly encountered when using the methodology, along with their corresponding solutions. The guide also provides references to the latest industry guidelines, as applied in the western United States, with the goal of disseminating these methods to an international audience for the advancement and expansion of PBSD principles worldwide.
Download or read book Publications written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by ASCE Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard ASCE/SEI 41-06 presents the latest generation of performance-based seismic rehabilitation methodology.
Download or read book NEHRP Recommended Provisions National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings and Other Structures Commentary written by United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Safety Reliability Risk and Life Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures written by George Deodatis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety, Reliability, Risk and Life-Cycle Performance of Structures and Infrastructures contains the plenary lectures and papers presented at the 11th International Conference on STRUCTURAL SAFETY AND RELIABILITY (ICOSSAR2013, New York, NY, USA, 16-20 June 2013), and covers major aspects of safety, reliability, risk and life-cycle performance of str
Download or read book Annual Review written by Building Research Establishment and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assembly Based Vulnerability of Buildings and its Uses in Seismic Performance Evaluation and Risk Management Decision Making written by and published by SPA Risk LLC. This book was released on with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Masonry written by Rots and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a basis for a standardized approach to structural masonry, using an integration of experimental and computational techniques. Accurate displacement-controlled materials experiments have produced an extensive database of strength, stiffness and softening properties for tension, compression and shear, and this data has been transferred into numerical models for simulating the deformational behaviour of masonry structures. The models have been implemented into finite and distinct element codes and have subsequently been verified against shear wall experiments and analytical solutions for masonry parts.
Download or read book NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1010 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Principles of Concrete Structures written by Xianglin Gu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-09 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the latest version of designing codes both for buildings and bridges (GB50010-2010 and JTG D62-2004), this book starts from steel and concrete materials, whose properties are very important to the mechanical behavior of concrete structural members. Step by step, analysis of reinforced and prestressed concrete members under basic loading types (tension, compression, flexure, shearing and torsion) and environmental actions are introduced. The characteristic of the book that distinguishes it from other textbooks on concrete structures is that more emphasis has been laid on the basic theories of reinforced concrete and the application of the basic theories in design of new structures and analysis of existing structures. Examples and problems in each chapter are carefully designed to cover every important knowledge point. As a basic course for undergraduates majoring in civil engineering, this course is different from either the previously learnt mechanics courses or the design courses to be learnt. Compared with mechanics courses, the basic theories of reinforced concrete structures cannot be solely derived by theoretical analysis. And compared with design courses, this course emphasizes the introduction of basic theories rather than simply being a translation of design specifications. The book will focus on both the theoretical derivations and the engineering practices.
