Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Study of Concrete Bridge Decks Constructed with FRP Stay in place Forms and FRP Grid Reiforcing written by David Allan Dieter and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Study of Fiber Reinforced Polymer FRP Grid reinforced Concrete Bridge Decking written by David A. Jacobson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigations of Concrete Bridge Decks with Structural FRP Stay in Place Forms written by Mark Stewart Nelson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stay-In-Place (SIP) formwork systems are widely used for concrete slabs in industry due to their relative ease and speed of construction. Conventionally, corrugated metal sheets or precast panels are used as formwork. In recent years, the SIP formwork technique has been proposed in conjunction with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites. The resulting system combines the construction advantages of SIP formwork with the durability and corrosion resistance of FRP materials. Bridge decks are a particularly enticing application due to their exposure to harsh environmental conditions and the need for rapid construction to minimize traffic disruptions. This study broadly evaluates FRP SIP formwork for concrete bridge decks both experimentally and numerically. In total, 9 full scale bridge deck sections, 32 small scale decks and more than 40 auxiliary tests were conducted, including the construction and testing of a full bridge at scale. Additionally, a numerical model was developed to predict punching shear failure based on the theory of plates and shells. Experimental testing was conducted on two FRP SIP form configurations, namely flat plates with T-shape stiffeners and corrugated plates, and used a variety of different detailing and geometries. Some of the investigated parameters included the width effect of bridge deck section tests, the effect of deck span, the effect of bond at the FRP-concrete interface, the panel-to-panel splice configuration, concrete strength, and boundary condition at support, including a monolithic connection with precise girders. Results of the study include the determination of a critical aspect ratio for bridge deck sections, optimization of the panel-to-panel splice detail, and an assessment of the in-plane restraint available to interior span bridge decks. The numerical model, based on the Levy solution for loaded plates, produces a flexural response for a variety of bridge deck configurations and geometries. A failure criterion was applied to establish the punching shear capacity. The model was evaluated against experimental results and provided good correlation. It was then used to investigate a variety of FRP plate thicknesses, spans and effective widths for full scale FRP SIP formwork bridge decks.
Download or read book In situ Monitoring and Testing of IBRC Bridges in Wisconsin written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of Modular FRP Grid Reinforcing Systems with Integral Stay in place Form for Concrete Bridge Decks written by Thomas E. Ringelstetter and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bridge B 20 133 on US 151 with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforced Concrete Deck written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modular 3 D FRP Reinforcing System for a Bridge Deck in Fond Du Lac Wisconsin written by Mack J. Conachen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis of a Bridge Deck Built on U S Highway 151 with FRP Stay in place Forms FRP Grids and FRP Rebars written by Adam C. Berg and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Durability Study on Concrete Bridge Decks with Pultruded FRP Stay in place Structural Forms written by Queen's University (Kingston, Ont.). Department of Civil Engineering and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study consists of three phases examining the durability of concrete bridge decks with stay-in-place GFRP structural forms that completely replace the bottom reinforcing bars. Phase I examines the effect of aggressive freeze-thaw (FT) cycles on strength of small scale decks. The concern has been whether entrapped moisture may cause 'frost-jacking' of the form. Eleven specimens were built, each using two spliced flat GFRP plates with T-shape ribs, spanning the gap between girders. The study simulated various surface treatments of the form as well as unbonded and bonded lap splices. The decks were cracked before being saturated and subjected to up to 300 FT cycles at +5°C to -18°C core temperatures. Some specimens were thawed without being submerged and one specimen had perforated forms for drainage. Subsequent testing to failure showed no reduction in ultimate capacity or stiffness, despite the 23% reduction in tensile strength of GFRP coupons from the same form, because failure was governed by punching shear. Phase II compares the GFRP form tested in Phase I to another corrugated form, using short one way slabs to trigger a shear-bond failure. Nine slabs with different surface treatments were fabricated and some were exposed to the same FT cycles. It was clearly shown that flat-ribbed forms are superior to corrugated ones, as no loss in strength occurred after FT exposure, whereas corrugated form-specimens lost 18-21%. This is attributed to the anchorage advantage provided by the T-shape rib embedment in concrete. In Phase III accelerated aging of the two GFRP forms is studied in 3% salt solution at 23, 40 and 55oC for up to 224 days, using 170 coupons to establish tensile strength retentions. Data were assessed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). It was shown that the tensile strength retentions of both forms were similar and reduced from 77 to 63% as the temperature increased from 23 to 55°C. Results also showed that the polymer matrix is not fully degraded by the hydrolysis as no significant changes occurred in glass transition temperature. When data was fitted in the Arrhenius service life model, it showed that after 100 years, the ribbed form will suffer more deterioration than the corrugated one as the strength retentions at a location with annual mean temperatures of 10oC were 42 and 61%, respectively.
Download or read book Development of Material Specifications for FRP Structural Elements for the Reinforcing of a Concrete Bridge Deck written by Joshua S. Dietsche and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Reinforcement free Concrete Bridge Decks Constructed with External Tie Bars written by Paul Georgieff and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of Composite Renewal Systems for Rapid Rehabilitation and Construction of Bridge Decks written by Anna Beth Pridmore and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deterioration of steel in aging reinforced concrete bridges is a continual problem which could benefit from improved rehabilitation techniques that take advantage of enhanced and more durable materials such as fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. Appropriately designed hybrid material systems benefit from the performance and durability advantages of FRP materials yet remain more cost effective than comparable all-composite systems. Development of rapid rehabilitation systems for the decks of concrete box girder bridges, which are increasingly common throughout the United States, is presented. One goal of this research is to assess and validate the use of FRP composite panels for use as both stay-in-place formwork and as the bottom longitudinal and transverse reinforcement in the deck of concrete box girder bridges. Performance assessments for full-scale two-cell box girder bridge specimens through monotonic and extensive cyclic loading provided validation for the FRP panel system bridge deck as a viable rehabilitation solution for box girder bridge decks. The FRP panel system performed comparably to a conventionally reinforced concrete bridge deck in terms of serviceability, deflection profiles, and system level structural interaction and performed superior to the RC bridge deck in terms of residual deflections, and structural response under cyclic loading. Assessment of a damaged FRP panel bridge deck system, which was repaired using a resin injection technique, showed superior performance for the repaired system in terms of integrity of the FRP panel interface and cyclic response. Rapid rehabilitation techniques for strengthening reinforced concrete box girder bridge deck overhangs using near-surface-mounted (NSM) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) were also evaluated. Analytical predictions of load carrying capacity and deflections provided correlation with experimental results, and the developed analysis methods provide an effective design tool for future research. Results from the laboratory testing of a bridge deck overhang strengthened with FRP showed significant increases in load carrying capacity as well as deformation capacity as compared to the as-built specimen without FRP. This research provides enhanced understanding of hybrid structures and indicates significant potential for rehabilitation applications to concrete box girder bridges.
Download or read book Structural Characteristics and Failure Prediction of Hybrid FRP concrete Bridge Deck and Superstructure Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a major challenge to build bridge systems that have long-term durability and low maintenance requirements. A solution to this challenge may be to use new materials or to implement new structural systems. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites have continued to play an important role in solving some of persistent problems in infrastructure applications because of its high specific strength, light weight, and durability. Structural engineers always have valued the combination of materials into a hybrid structural system that takes advantage of the properties inherent in each of its constituents. In this study, the concept of the hybrid FRP-concrete structural systems is applied to both bridge superstructure and deck systems. The hybrid FRP-concrete bridge superstructure and deck systems are intended to have durable, structurally sound, and cost effective hybrid system that will take full advantage of the inherent properties of both FRP materials and concrete. The hybrid-FRP deck system can be installed in new construction, or can be attached to existing deck substructure after removing deteriorated concrete deck. In this study, two hybrid FRP-concrete bridge systems were investigated. The first system consists of trapezoidal cell units forming either a bridge superstructure or a bridge deck unit. The second one is formed by arch cells. The two systems rely on using cellular components to form the core of the deck system, and an outer shell to warp around those cells to form the integral unit of the bridge. Both systems were investigated analytically by using finite element (FE) analysis. From the rigorous FE studies, it was concluded that first system is more efficient than the second. Therefore, the first hybrid FRP-concrete system had been used to investigate the feasibility of the FRP-concrete structural systems in the remainder of the study. The proposed system consists of trapezoidal FRP cell units surrounded by an FRP outer shell forming a bridge system. A thin layer of concrete was placed in the compression zone. Concrete was confined by GFRP laminates which provide protection from environmental exposure. Moreover, the concrete layers reduce the local deformation of the top surface of the bridge under concentrated loads. Webs of the box section were designed at an incline to reduce shear force between sections. For the experimental phase of the study, a prototype bridge superstructure was designed as a simply-supported single span one-lane bridge with a span length of 18.3 m. Geometrical parameters of the proposed bridge system were determined by detailed finite element analyses. FEA was used to verify the structural behavior of this hybrid bridge superstructure prior to embarking on manufacturing and testing. Performance of this hybrid bridge superstructure was examined both experimentally and computationally. A test specimen, fabricated as a one-fourth scale model of the prototype bridge, was subjected to a series of loading tests: nondestructive tests (flexure, off-axis flexure, and negative flexure), and destructive tests (flexure and shear). Also, as a trial case for FRP-concrete bridge deck supported on steel girders, a prototype bridge system was designed as a simply supported steel bridge with a hybrid FRP-concrete deck. Details for connecting the hybrid decks with steel girders were investigated both experimentally and computationally. A test specimen, fabricated as a 3/4 scale model of the prototype bridge, was evaluated by series of service flexural loading tests under different loading conditions. Moreover, the composite action between the hybrid deck and steel girders was analyzed and tested. The effective flange width in the hybrid FRP-concrete deck acting compositely with the steel girders was evaluated at service conditions. Three different constitutive models for GFRP composites were integrated in the finite element analysis to examine the inelastic behavior and to predict failure of both the hybrid bridge deck and superstructure. Results from the both experimental and computational analysis for both the hybrid bridge superstructure and deck systems confirmed that the hybrid FRP-concrete bridge systems have an excellent performance from structural engineering point of view. The experimental results showed robust performance where cracking in the exterior GFRP laminates, interface failure, and slippage between GFRP and concrete under AASHTO design loads for the hybrid bridge superstructure were not exhibited. Also, both test specimens satisfied the AASHTO live load deflection limit. In addition, the shear connections at girder-deck interface of the deck specimen on steel girders demonstrated an excellent performance under service load. Furthermore, it was observed that the hybrid deck and the steel girders are interacting as a partially composite system under service-load conditions. The effective flange width for hybrid decks are less than AASHTO prescribed effective width for reinforced concrete decks. It was shown that a detailed finite element analysis could predict behavior of the test specimens under different loading conditions up to the failure point.
Download or read book Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements written by Abdul-Hamid Zureick and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2009 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 655: Recommended Guide Specification for the Design of Externally Bonded FRP Systems for Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridge Elements examines a recommended guide specification for the design of externally bonded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) systems for the repair and strengthening of concrete bridge elements. The report addresses the design requirements for members subjected to different loading conditions including flexure, shear and torsion, and combined axial force and flexure. The recommended guide specification is supplemented by design examples to illustrate its use for different FRP strengthening applications.
Download or read book DURABILITY STUDY ON CONCRETE BRIDGE DECKS WITH PULTRUDED FRP STAY IN PLACE STRUCTURAL FORMS written by RAOUF. BOLES and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Test and Analysis of Two Prestressed Concrete Bridges After Deck Replacement with Frp Panels written by Madhan Kumar Kantha Samy and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges B-0071 and B-0171 in Hamilton County, Ohio have been in service for about fifty years. They are short span bridges with prestressed concrete girders. Until late 2001, they had conventional reinforced concrete decks, which have been replaced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) decks. Two girders in bridge B-0171 were replaced with new prestressed girders. These bridges are significant as there are few instances of FRP decks on concrete girders. The Hamilton County Engineers Office contracted with the Civil Engineering Department at the University of Cincinnati to perform load testing on the bridges. Information gained from this research will seek to confirm the safety of the new technology, evaluate construction and design techniques with reference to the FRP deck, and determine overall performance of the bridge to provide understanding of the system. The two short span prestressed concrete bridges with fiber reinforced polymer decks were subjected to four sets of nondestructive truckload testing. Strain gauges were placed along the height of the girder cross-section, and longitudinally and transversely across the bottom of the deck. Displacement transducers were placed to measure overall girder displacement, relative deck displacement, deck panel separation, and deck-girder connection separation. A three-dimensional finite element analysis model was created to replicate the performance of each bridge. The two new prestressed girders in bridge B-0171 strengthened the bridge considerably and increased its load carrying capacity. But the old prestressed girders in bridge B-0071 and bridge B-0171 did not show any sign of deterioration. The four sets of test data collected over a two-year period show that the age effect on structural behavior is very small for both the bridges. The deck had very little influence on the distribution of loads in the structure for these bridges. Due to low deck stiffness and incomplete connectivity, the FRP deck did little to strengthen the girders. The long term monitoring of the deck result complied with the short term testing as reported by Eder8. The finite element model closely matched with the structural components of the original bridge. The new improved model is a better representation as it was calibrated with four sets of field data collected over a period of two years. The field test data from both tests shows that the girders are simply supported on the abutment. But the girders in the model are designed as fixed end beams to have a reasonable value for the modulus of concrete used in the model. In reality it can be assumed that the support condition is between fixed and simply supported. It was also demonstrated that the deck had very little influence on the distribution of loads in the structure for these bridges. The majority of the load transfer between girders was most likely due to the diaphragms. The Impact Factor based on one set of experimental results was 1.217. However, for analysis the LRFD value of 1.33 was used. The Load Rating Factor for bridge B-0071 was 1.66 and for bridge B-0171 was 2.48 with the governing truck loading being the Design load Type Tandem. These rating factors were based on girder performance only due to insufficient deck information.
