Download or read book Exchange Policies for Less Developed Countries in a World of Floating Rates written by Stanley W. Black and published by Princeton, N.J. : International Finance Section, Department of Economics, Princeton University. This book was released on 1976 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The International Monetary System and the Developing Nations written by Danny M. Leipziger and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited conference report on the effects of the international monetary system on developing countries - discusses exchange rate policies and floating currencys, Terms of Trade and monetary transfers, petroleum price increases, foreign exchange reserves and financing needs of such countries, etc. Diagrams, references and statistical tables. Conference held in Washington dc 1975 June 4.
Download or read book Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries written by Sebastian Edwards and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article analyzes the theory of equilibrium real exchange rates and defines misalignment as a deviation of the real exchange rate (RER) from its equilibrium level. The role of macroeconomic policies is then analyzed under three alternative nominal exchange rate regimes: predetermined nominal exchange rates; floating nominal rates; and dual or black market nominal exchange rates. This discussion points out how inconsistent macroeconomic policies often lead to real exchange rate misalignment. Corrective measures, including nominal devaluation and several alternative approaches, are then evaluated.
Download or read book Trade the Balance of Payments and Exchange Rate Policy in Developing Countries written by A. P. Thirlwall and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a synthesis of the author's ideas and research concerning the monetary consequences of trade flows, and the relevance of conventional balance of payments adjustment theory. These ideas are considered mainly in the context of developing countries, many of which suffer from deep structural difficulties and severe foreign exchange shortages. Mainstream economic theory regards the balance of payments to be self-adjusting, meaning that the impact of the balance of payments on the growth and development process is neither considered nor analysed. In contrast, the author emphasises the importance of integrating monetary considerations into trade theory and argues that the balance of payments consequences of trade policy need to be carefully addressed. This approach has a number of implications for important issues such as the sequencing of trade liberalisation; the role of the exchange rate in equilibrating the balance of payments; the case for protection; and the way in which the importance of export growth is articulated. Some of the ideas expressed have a long and distinguished ancestry, but they are not part of the mainstream orthodoxy and need airing in a world increasingly divided into rich and poor countries. The author also considers the case for a new international economic order which would better serve the needs of developing countries, particularly by stabilising primary product prices and controlling speculative capital flows. Trade and development economists, and policymakers concerned with economic growth and development, will appreciate the original and illuminating research in this book.
Download or read book Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Developing Countries written by Takatoshi Ito and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The exchange rate is a crucial variable linking a nation's domestic economy to the international market. Thus choice of an exchange rate regime is a central component in the economic policy of developing countries and a key factor affecting economic growth. Historically, most developing nations have employed strict exchange rate controls and heavy protection of domestic industry-policies now thought to be at odds with sustainable and desirable rates of economic growth. By contrast, many East Asian nations maintained exchange rate regimes designed to achieve an attractive climate for exports and an "outer-oriented" development strategy. The result has been rapid and consistent economic growth over the past few decades. Changes in Exchange Rates in Rapidly Developing Countries explores the impact of such diverse exchange control regimes in both historical and regional contexts, focusing particular attention on East Asia. This comprehensive, carefully researched volume will surely become a standard reference for scholars and policymakers.
Download or read book Fixed or Flexible written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-04-17 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the recent evolution of exchange rate policies inthe developing world. It looks at why so many countries have made a transition from fixed or "pegged" exchange rates to "managed floating"currencies. It discusses how economies perform under different exchangerate arrangements, issues in the choice of regime, and the challenges poised by a world of increasing capital mobility, especially when bankingsectors are inadequately regulated or supervised.
Download or read book Floating Exchange Rates and the Need for Surveillance written by Jacques R. Artus and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A World Divided written by G. K. Helleiner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1976-01-29 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1976 volume originated in the mood of disillusion and despair which followed the Third United Nations Conference on Trade and Development in Santiago in 1972. The prospects for cooperation between rich and poor nations seemed poor and new policies and instruments needed to considered if the interests of the rich and poor nations were not to become even more unbalanced in favour of the rich. The contributors to this volume consider what unexploited possibilities might be open to the less developed countries, both jointly and individually, in international affairs, which would generate a more equitable outcome. The issues addressed in these papers were, at the time of publication, of immediate relevance following the success of oil producing countries in revising prices, worldwide inflation, famine in the poorest countries, recession in industrial countries. Simultaneously, the less developed countries were declaring the need for a new international economic order, which this volume discusses.
Download or read book Fixed or Floating Exchange Regimes written by Peter J. Quirk and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-11-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews recent experience with the choice of floating or fixed (“anchor”) exchange regimes in industrial and developing countries. It concludes that desirable differences between the two sets of regimes have narrowed, owing to the useful operational role of exchange rate margins and unavoidable medium-term rate adjustments in the context of fixed regimes. A survey of recent empirical cross-country literature also suggests little unambiguous association of the choice of exchange regime with macroeconomic performance, inflation in particular. Stability of the exchange rate has generally been a by-product of other policy choices. Even announcement effects of the regime on inflation-fighting credibility depend on the country-specific assignments of policy instruments to more than one institution--central bank, government, or regional and multilateral institutions.
Download or read book Exchange Rate Crises in Developing Countries written by Michael G. Hall and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-18 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to many economists, the increasing mobility of capital across borders has made it more costly to peg exchange rates. This phenomenon has contributed to some of the more famous examples of exchange rate crises in recent times, such as the Mexican peso crisis in 1994 and the Asian financial crisis in 1997. Yet despite the increasing costs of pegging in today's accelerated financial markets, some developing countries try to maintain a peg for as long as they can. This work is the first to theorize the role of bankers as a domestic interest group involved in exchange rate policy. It adds to our understanding of how interest groups affect economic policy in developing countries and explains why some of the largest and fastest growing economies in the developing world were the most prone to crisis. The volume also refines our understanding of the 'hollowing-out thesis', the argument that increasing capital mobility is forcing states to abandon pegging.
Download or read book Integration of U S Policies on Trade Exchange Rates and the Accumulated Debts of Less developed Countries written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Finance. Subcommittee on International Trade and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exchange Rate Policy in Developing Countries Some Analytical Issues written by Bijan B. Aghevli and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1991-05-15 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper addresses analytical aspects of exchange rate policy and emphasizes the relationship among exchange rate flexibility, financial discipline, and international competitiveness.
Download or read book Reference Rates and the International Monetary System written by John Williamson and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-30 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growing global imbalances threaten to induce a collapse of the dollar, which could in turn produce a severe recession in the rest of the world. This crisis could force countries to say "never again" and search for a system to prevent similar disasters. The system that could do so is a reference rate system—where countries' authorities are forbidden from intervening in order to push the exchange rate too far from what is termed the "reference rate." It could help a country's authorities manage its exchange rate to avoid large misalignments, assist the private sector in forming more dependable expectations of future exchange rates and thus to manage their businesses more efficiently in a world of floating exchange rates, and aid the International Monetary Fund in designing and managing an effective system of multilateral surveillance. The world economy would function better as a result, with less chance of the global imbalances leading to a world recession.
Download or read book Exchange Controls and Exchange Rate written by John C. Hsu and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks in Low Income and Other Developing Countries written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-10-23 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, many low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMICs) have improved control over fiscal policy, liberalized and deepened financial markets, and stabilized inflation at moderate levels. Monetary policy frameworks that have helped achieve these ends are being challenged by continued financial development and increased exposure to global capital markets. Many policymakers aspire to move beyond the basics of stability to implement monetary policy frameworks that better anchor inflation and promote macroeconomic stability and growth. Many of these LLMICs are thus considering and implementing improvements to their monetary policy frameworks. The recent successes of some LLMICs and the experiences of emerging and advanced economies, both early in their policy modernization process and following the global financial crisis, are valuable in identifying desirable features of such frameworks. This paper draws on those lessons to provide guidance on key elements of effective monetary policy frameworks for LLMICs.
Download or read book Don t Fix Don t Float written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Development Centre and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Don ́t Fix, Don ́t Float is a book about credibility, or lack thereof. It deals with questions pertaining to international financial architecture from the perspective of developing countries, emerging markets and transition economies. Should the monetary authority fix the exchange rate of the national currency? Should it instead let the currency float in foreign exchange markets? What about bands, baskets and crawls between the fix and the float corners? Answering these questions is of significance to the national economy involved and, with regard to global finance, often beyond. In the same way that there may never be a pure float, even among key currencies, an instant fix does not provide a fast lane to credibility. Credibility is earned abroad as the development process reinforces institution building in monetary, financial and budgetary matters. Indeed, rules for budgetary adjustment (such as the zero deficit in Argentina or the EU Stability and Growth Pact) are necessary for any exchange-rate regime to deliver economic growth and development. In Don ́t Fix, Don ́t Float, the case for intermediate regimes is made for five country groups in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Developing countries, emerging markets and transition economies, together with the OECD area, are facing the consequences of a worsening global economic outlook. In this environment, the development perspective underlying Don t Fix, Don t Float is clearly essential.
Download or read book Flexible Exchange Rates for a Stable World Economy written by Joseph E. Gagnon and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 2011 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volatile exchange rates and how to manage them are a contentious topic whenever economic policymakers gather in international meetings. This book examines the broad parameters of exchange rate policy in light of both high-powered theory and real-world experience. What are the costs and benefits of flexible versus fixed exchange rates? How much of a role should the exchange rate play in monetary policy? Why don't volatile exchange rates destabilize inflation and output? The principal finding of this book is that using monetary policy to fight exchange rate volatility, including through the adoption of a fixed exchange rate regime, leads to greater volatility of employment, output, and inflation. In other words, the "cure" for exchange rate volatility is worse than the disease. This finding is demonstrated in economic models, in historical case studies, and in statistical analysis of the data. The book devotes considerable attention to understanding the reasons why volatile exchange rates do not destabilize inflation and output. The book concludes that many countries would benefit from allowing greater flexibility of their exchange rates in order to target monetary policy at stabilization of their domestic economies. Few, if any, countries would benefit from a move in the opposite direction.
