Download or read book The Matching Law written by Richard J. Herrnstein and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law. In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin. The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.
Download or read book Puppy Socialization written by Marge Rogers and published by Bright Friends Productions. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Puppy Socialization: What It Is and How to Do It defines and demystifies the most important thing you can do for your puppy: socialization. The authors don't just tell you what you need to know about socialization. They show you with dozens of photographs and exclusive linked videos (a live internet connection is needed to view the videos). You'll see other owners socialize their puppies under the guidance of a nationally certified dog trainer and behavior consultant. These real-life examples of socialization show you what to do when things go well and when they don't go so well. You’ll learn about: • The magical time. Did you know that there is a special time in a puppy's life when he is primed to accept new things? The authors tell you when that time is, when that socialization window starts closing, and how a little effort by an owner during that time can save heartache later. • Canine body language. Puppies and dogs are talking all the time—with their body language. Learn to tell when a puppy or dog is relaxed and happy, a bit nervous about something, or outright fearful. • Myth-busting. There's a lot of advice out there about socialization and not all of it is good. Some common myths can actually cause a puppy harm. The authors give you the most up-to-date information on puppy socialization and put some harmful myths to rest. • Socializing a puppy during COVID-19. Puppies have so much to get used to: people, environments, noises, and more. The authors provide strategies for keeping humans and puppies safe while socializing puppies, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. • What supplies are needed during socialization. The authors provide checklists of things owners need when socializing a puppy at home and away from home.
Download or read book Behavior Analysis written by Henry S. Roane and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2024-01-10 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive volume to bridge the gap between the science of behavior and applied behavior analysis (ABA). The book demonstrates how laboratory research informs real-world interventions to facilitate behavior change, and vice versa. Most of the chapters are written by researcher–clinician collaborators, who highlight commonalities and differences in the ways they conceptualize behavior and collect, analyze, and use data. Chapters present translational perspectives on conditioning, reinforcement, extinction, choice, verbal behavior, and more. Ethical considerations in translational research are explored. Training in foundational knowledge is a key requirement for behavior analyst certification, making this a needed resource for current and future ABA practitioners.
Download or read book Schedules of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2015-05-20 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
Download or read book An Introduction to Behavior Analysis written by Gregory J. Madden and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AN INTRODUCTION TO BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS Explore a fascinating introductory treatment of the principles of behavior analysis written by three leading voices in the field An Introduction to Behavior Analysis delivers an engaging and comprehensive introduction to the concepts and applications for graduate students of behavior analysis. Written from the ground up to capture and hold student interest, the book keeps its focus on practical issues. The book offers readers sound analyses of Pavlovian and operant learning, reinforcement and punishment, motivation and stimulus control, language and rule-following, decision-making and clinical behavior analysis. With fully up to date empirical research references and theoretical content, An Introduction to Behavior Analysis thoroughly justifies every principle it describes with empirical support and explicitly points out where more data are required. The text encourages students to analyze their own experiences and some foundational findings in the field in a way that minimizes jargon and maximizes engagement. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A clear articulation and defense of the philosophical assumptions and overarching goals of behavior analysis. A thorough description of objective data collection, experimental methods, and data analysis in the context of psychology An exploration of the core principles of behavior analysis, presented at a level comprehensible to an introductory audience A broad array of principles that cover issues as varied as language, substance-use disorders, and common psychological disorders Perfect for students taking their first course in behavior analysis or behavior modification, An Introduction to Behavior Analysis will also earn a place in the libraries of students pursuing certification through the Behavior Analysis Certification Board or taking courses in the applied psychological sciences.
Download or read book Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis written by Henry S. Roane and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-20 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied behavior analysts use applied research to create and implement effective evidence-based procedures in schools, homes, and the community, which have proved effective in addressing behaviors associated with autism and other developmental disorders. The principles underlying this therapeutic approach have been increasingly effective when applied to other populations, settings, and behaviors. Clinical and Organizational Applications of Applied Behavior Analysis explores data-based decision-making in depth to inform treatment selection for behavior change across various populations and contexts. Each chapter addresses considerations related to data collection, single-case research design methodology, objective decision-making, and visual inspection of data. The authors reference a range of published research methods in the area of applied behavior analysis (ABA) as it has been applied to specific topics, as well as utilizing their own clinical work by providing numerous case examples. - Reviews current evidence-based practices to provide a comprehensive guide to the application of ABA principles across a range of clinical contexts and applications - Divides clinical applications into three sections for ease-of-use: child, adult, and broad-based health - Explores the breadth of ABA-based treatment beyond autism and developmental disorders - Draws upon a range of subject-matter experts who have clinical and research experience across multiple uses of ABA
Download or read book Autism Service Delivery written by Florence D. DiGennaro Reed and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-09 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines ways in which service delivery to individuals with autism can be improved from both ends of the basic-applied research spectrum. It introduces the concept of translational scholarship and examines real-world value in developing relevant interventions. Each area of coverage reviews current findings on autism from basic research and, then, discusses the latest applied research literature to create a roadmap for researchers, clinicians, and scientist-practitioners to develop new, effective strategies as children, adolescents, and adults with autism continue to learn and grow. Featured coverage includes: Why practice needs science and how science informs practice. The social learning disorder of stimulus salience in autism. Assessment and treatment of problem behaviors associated with transitions. Understanding persistence and improving treatment through behavioral momentum theory. The behavioral economics of reinforcer value. Increasing tolerance for delay with children and adults with autism. Autism Service Delivery is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians and scientist-practitioners, and graduate students in the fields of developmental psychology, behavioral therapy, social work, clinical child and school psychology, occupational therapy, and speech pathology.
Download or read book Research Methods in Applied Behavior Analysis written by Jon S. Bailey and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2002-02-13 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This very practical, how-to text provides the beginning researcher with the basics of applied behavior analysis research methods. In 10 logical steps, this text covers all of the elements of single-subject research design and it provides practical information for designing, implementing, and evaluating studies. Using a pocketbook format, the authors provide novice researcher with a "steps-for-success" approach that is brief, to-the-point, and clearly delineated.
Download or read book Verbal Behavior written by Burrhus Frederic Skinner and published by New York : Appleton-Century-Crofts. This book was released on 1957 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preventing Challenging Behavior in Your Classroom written by Matt Tincani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-30 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revised with an eye toward the ever-evolving research base undergirding positive behavior support (PBS) and related approaches, Preventing Challenging Behavior in Your Classroom, second edition, focuses on real-world examples and practical strategies to prevent and reduce behavior problems and enhance student learning. Featuring a new chapter on culturally responsive PBS, this second edition helps readers understand disparities in punitive responses and identify strategies to promote equitable, positive school discipline. Teachers will be able to smartly appraise the efficacy of a range of classroom management practices with the help of updated standards, function-based strategies to differentiate evidence-based from questionable or harmful practices, and resources and tools for evaluation. Written in engaging, easy-to-understand language, this book is an invaluable resource for pre- and in-service educators looking to strengthen their understanding and implementation of equitable PBS.
Download or read book Experimental Analysis of Behavior written by Iver H. Iversen and published by Elsevier Publishing Company. This book was released on 1991 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is dedicated to the late B.F. Skinner as a tribute to his pioneering work on the experimental analysis of behaviour. This science that he initiated studies the behaviour of individual organisms under laboratory conditions. The volume describes a broad collection of representative and effective research techniques in the experimental analysis of behaviour; techniques derived solely from infrahuman subjects, which have been selected both for their utility in behaviour analysis and for their potential value in expanding the use of behaviour analysis in the neurosciences. By bringing together under one cover the expertise of individual authors regarding techniques based on their particular laboratory experiences, the book provides an informative and practical source of methods and techniques for those practising or interested in experimental analysis of behaviour.
Download or read book Science And Human Behavior written by B.F Skinner and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics
Download or read book Contingencies of Reinforcement written by B. F. Skinner and published by B. F. Skinner Foundation. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began.
Download or read book Handbook of Dual Diagnosis written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook addresses behavior problems and mental health disorders in persons with intellectual disabilities. It provides an overview of the history of dual diagnosis and related theories, ethics, diagnostic systems, mental health disorders, and challenging behaviors. The handbook examines general clinical issues, such as the effects of cognitive performance on the choice of assessment and treatment methods, service delivery systems, education models, risk factors, functional assessment, and structured interviews. Chapters provide a much-needed reference for practitioners and practitioners in training. The applied focus of the book continues with assessment/diagnosis sections of mental health disorders, and challenging behaviors. In addition, chapters describe treatments for discrete mental health and behavior problems, such as intellectual disabilities, severe psychopathology, autism, ADHD, substance abuse, and aggression. Topics featured in this handbook include: Genetic disorders and dual diagnosis. Assessment of anxiety in persons with dual diagnosis. Aging with intellectual disabilities. Feeding problems and assessment in individuals with dual diagnosis. Pica in individuals with intellectual disability. Treatment of social skills in dual diagnosis. The Handbook of Dual Diagnosis is an essential reference for researchers, graduate students, clinicians and related therapists and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, pediatrics, and special education.
Download or read book Handbook of Developmental Disabilities written by Samuel L. Odom and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2009-01-21 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative handbook reviews the breadth of current knowledge about developmental disabilities: neuroscientific and genetic foundations; the impact on health, learning, and behavior; and effective educational and clinical practices. Leading authorities analyze what works in intervening with diverse children and families, from infancy through the school years and the transition to adulthood. Chapters present established and emerging approaches to promoting communication and language abilities, academic skills, positive social relationships, and vocational and independent living skills. Current practices in positive behavior support are discussed, as are strategies for supporting family adaptation and resilience.
Download or read book Interventions for Academic and Behavior Problems II written by Mark R. Shinn and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intervention and assessment strategies for social-emotional functioning along with school safety and violence prevention. system-level strategies and policies for schoolwide, small group and individual interventions of primary, secondary and tertiary levels.
Download or read book The Rise of Universities written by Charles Homer Haskins and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
