Download or read book Examining Disparities in Long distance Travel Access written by Hannah Ullman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines several nuanced issues, including equitable access, regarding long-distance intercity travel. In the United States, studies of transportation equity focus on affordable access to local destinations and basic services. The limited studies of long-distance intercity travel focus on observed demand, ignoring latent or unmet demand. Both quantitative and qualitative data are used to explore the differences between those who participate in long-distance travel and those with unmet need for it. This thesis found that the ability to participate in long-distance travel plays a role in one0́9s overall well-being. Undertaking long-distance trips facilitates access to opportunity for cultural and educational experiences, as well as the maintenance and creation of social capital, factors which were indicated by study participants. The first part of the thesis examines equity in access to long-distance travel between individuals by using data from a state-wide survey completed by 2,232 Vermonters for the Vermont Agency of Transportation in 2016. Five ordinal logistic regression models that approximate different levels of realized and unmet travel are used to understand how access to intercity travel differs by socioeconomic, geographic location, and household characteristics. A total of 22 percent of respondents indicated they had unmet demand at least once per year. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between those who had unmet demand within Vermont and outside of Vermont, proxies for local and intercity travel, respectively. Income level, Internet access, and education level were found to be significant predictors of realized long-distance travel. Household size and composition, household vehicles, age, income, and self-reported urban residence were predictors of both unmet local and long-distance travel need. In addition, full-time employment was significant for local unmet need, while miles to the nearest metropolitan area was a significant predictor for longer travel needs. Models of actual travel were stronger than for unmet demand, indicating that other unmeasured predictor variables may be important, thus requiring qualitative exploration. The second part of the thesis consists of an in-depth examination using semi-structured interviews regarding intercity travel with 24 women living in Chittenden County, Vermont. In addition to the qualitative survey methods, data from a social network geography survey designed specifically for the study and an overall well-being survey were used. Interviews were coded by theme relating to travel type, barriers to travel, and impact on quality of life. A majority of participants felt long-distance travel was very important or essential to their well-being and they wished to increase the amount they did. Additionally, participants felt the need to meet with friends and family in-person, therefore necessitating long-distance travel to those who lived further away. There was also a discrepancy between the desire to meet with friends and family and how often the participants actually were able to do so. Those with higher incomes had less unmet long-distance travel need.
Download or read book Complete Streets Policy Analysis and Examination of Influence on Travel Health and Health Disparities written by Dangaia Sims and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Complete Streets policies are potentially a useful tactic for increasing rates of active travel among a variety of populations. Currently, rates of active travel are particularly low among the general population in the United States. Understanding how these policies influence travel behavior, health, and health disparities will inform future research and improve policy development. Accordingly, this dissertation aims to (1) develop and implement an appropriate checklist for examining Complete Streets policy quality, (2) identify how the presence of policies, policy language, and time since policy implementation influence the aforementioned outcomes, (3) investigate how leaders in communities with and without Complete Streets policies perceive the aforementioned outcomes. A new policy checklist was created for this study. Both this new checklist, as well as an existing checklist, were used to examine policy quality among county-level Complete Streets policies (n=52). These scores were then used to examine the association between policy quality and active travel, health outcomes, healthcare access, gathered from national datasets. Next, Complete Streets counties (n=52) were matched with control counties (n=52), to quantitatively examine differences in travel behavior, health, and healthcare access by county type, race/ethnicity, and income level. Finally, interviews were conducted with community leaders to qualitatively examine differences in the physical environment, travel behavior, health, and health disparities. Results led to seven major conclusions. First, the policy checklist used may not be of importance. Second, time since implementation was related to health outcomes; however, policy quality was not. Third, active travel was higher among control counties than Complete Streets counties; however, among certain populations, active travel was greater among Complete Streets counties participants. Fourth, health and healthcare access were greater among Complete Streets counties as compared to control counties. Fifth, no differences surfaced among the basis of county type in community leader interviews. Sixth, mixed results emerged on county leader perceptions of the previously mentioned variables. Finally, community leaders tended to believe Complete Streets policies would be beneficial in their counties. Ultimately, this dissertation informs the Complete Streets literature and may be useful by researchers and policymakers, alike, in determining the appropriate changes to be made to Complete Streets policies, as well as the populations to be targeted for future intervention. Complete Streets policies, when properly targeted and tailored, may provide widespread and long-lasting improvements in active travel, health, and health disparities.
Download or read book The Interplay Between Social Determinants of Health and Cancer Related Health Disparities written by Tung-Sung Tseng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-27 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Special Social Groups Social Factors and Disparities in Health and Health Care written by Jennie Jacobs Kronenfeld and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-16 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume features papers on the theme of issues in health and health care for special groups, social factors and disparities.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book A Population Health Approach to Health Disparities for Nurses written by Faye Gary, EdD,MS, RN, FAAN and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-10-14 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers vivid narratives illuminating the challenges and opportunities health professionals and policymakers face Distinguished by abundant patient and health provider narratives highlighting the impact of health disparities on health outcomes worldwide, this scholarly yet practical text prepares RN-BSN, DNP, and PhD students to work toward improving community health for a variety of underserved and vulnerable populations. Grounded in the population health approach addressed in AACN Essentials, the text delivers practical steps nurses can take to address population health goals, including the improvement of quality of care, access to healthcare, improved outcomes, and cost management. The resource is also unique in its reflection of the interconnected points of view of the patient, the provider, and the health system. Written by lawyers, physicians, social workers, statisticians and economists, psychologists, ethicists, finance experts, population health specialists, anthropologists, and nurses, the text emphasizes an interdisciplinary approach to learning and all components of health care—delivery of care, policy, research, and teaching. It examines demographic differences, chronic and acute health conditions, and the health needs of the unserved/underserved across the life cycle. The book emphasizes the importance of understanding the social determinants of health and discusses ways to address health disparities through changes in public policy, attitudes, beliefs, education, research, and advocacy. Objectives, key terms, discussion questions, and exercises facilitate group discussion about best practices. Key Features: Delivers practical knowledge with detailed narratives and case studies of specific populations from experienced interprofessional authors Highlights the interwoven perspectives of patients, health providers, and health systems to promote cultural competence Pinpoints health disparities including a discussion of COVID-19 Presents selected historical landmarks and cases that influence population health outcomes among vulnerable groups Interdisciplinary approach includes the perspectives of other health and social science disciplines
Download or read book Urban Health and Planning in the 21st Century Bridging Across the Formal and Informal Using an Eco Social Lens written by Ritu Priya and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-22 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern urban planning emerged in response to public health challenges in the post-industrial revolution period in Europe. It has since evolved through the colonial and post-colonial phases of the 19th and 20th centuries with international, national, and local specificities. In the 21st century, human societies are rapidly urbanizing, even in LMICs where half or more of the population still live in rural areas. Therefore public policies that shape the nature of urbanization and urban habitats will become ever more critical to human and planetary health and wellbeing.
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of African Demography written by Clifford O. Odimegwu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-02-07 with total page 1085 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides an authoritative and comprehensive overview of African population dynamics, variations, causes and consequences, demonstrating the real-world applications of research in policies and programmes. African demography has come of age. Over 50 years, the discipline has grown exponentially in the number of training and research institutions, specialist experts and academic output, all with an aim of addressing the enormous demographic challenges faced by the continent. The book draws on old and emerging analytical tools to explore the relationships between population dynamics and social, economic, cultural and political environments from African perspectives. Key topics include fertility, sexual behaviours, healthcare, ageing, mortality, migration, displacement, the causes and consequences of demographic changes and teaching and research developments in African demography. The Routledge Handbook of African Demography will be an essential resource for students and researchers of African demography, sociology, development and cultural studies.
Download or read book Tourism and Inequality written by Stroma Cole and published by CABI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tourism has long been considered a source of social inequality, and as the industry continues to expand rapidly there is an increasing need for a better understanding of its consequences. Providing a synthesis of tourism as a source of injustice, Tourism and Inequality addresses a wide range of interrelated forms of inequality, investigating its association with class, nation, ethnicity, race, gender, disability and age. Chapters examine routes towards social justice and initiatives that aim to advance poverty alleviation, fair trade, ethics and human rights. The analysis of a wide variety of case studies from around the world allows an exploration into the ways that tourism can be used positively to alleviate the impacts of social injustice. Providing a unique multidisciplinary perspective, the authors aim to lead the way towards a more socially responsible future for tourism practice. This book provides a useful resource for students of tourism and tourism management, as well as industry professionals and policy makers.
Download or read book Geographic Health Data written by Francis P. Boscoe and published by CABI. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focussing on proven techniques for most real-world data sets, this book presents an overview of the analysis of health data involving a geographic component, in a way that is accessible to any health scientist or student comfortable with large data sets and basic statistics, but not necessarily with any specialized training in geographic information systems (GIS). Providing clear, straightforward explanations with worldwide examples and solutions, the book describes applications of GIS in disaster response.
Download or read book Mobilities Networks Geographies written by Prof Dr Kay W Axhausen and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been striking increases in both long-distance travel and in communications through mobile phones, text messaging, emailing and videoconferencing. Such developments in communication, along with a similar increase in physical travel and movement of goods around the globe, reconfigure social networks by disconnecting and reconnecting people in new ways. This original book puts forward one of the first social science studies of the geographies of social networks and related mobilities of travel, communications and face-to-face meetings. The book examines five interdependent mobilities that form and reform these geographies of networks and travel in the contemporary world. These are: physical travel of people for work, leisure, pleasure, migration and escape; physical movement of objects delivered to producers, consumers and retailers; imaginative travel elsewhere through images and memories seen on texts, TV, computer screens and film; virtual travel on the internet; and communicative travel through letters, cards, telegrams, telephones, faxes, text messages and videoconferences. In the book the authors examine the interconnections between these different mobilities. They research how travel and social meetings require systems of coordination using virtual and communicative travel in-between physical travel and meetings. They argue that, while it might be imagined that there would be less need of physical meetings with improved technology, on the contrary, scheduled visits and meetings have become highly significant. The research shows that they are necessary to social life in the contemporary world, both within business and, especially, within families and friendships which are increasingly conducted at a distance.
Download or read book An Examination of the Effects of the Access Portion of a Trip Upon an Intercity Mode Choice written by Edward Beimborn and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Healthcare Disparities in Otolaryngology written by Sarah N. Bowe and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While numerous studies have illustrated healthcare disparities within otolaryngology, few have progressed?beyond?detection. To move ahead, our specialty needs to advance our level of understanding and develop, implement, and disseminate successful interventions toward the goal of eliminating disparities.?Healthcare Disparities in Otolaryngology offers comprehensive look at this important topic and its clinical impact on the practice of otolaryngology. After first covering specialty-wide perspectives on factors that are associated with healthcare disparities in otolaryngology, it then focuses on subspecialty specific evidence. Editors and authors represent leading otolaryngology experts who have assembled the most up-to-date recommendations for managing healthcare disparities in the field. Covers The Influence of Healthcare System Organization on Healthcare Disparities in Otolaryngology; The Integration of Sex and Gender Considerations in Otolaryngology; Understanding Rural-Urban Disparities in Otolaryngology; The Impact of Health Literacy on Patient Care in Otolaryngology; Hearing Health Disparities: Applying Social Epidemiologic Principles and New Approaches; Social Determinants of Health and Demographic Disparities in Rhinology; Disparities in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea; and much more. Presents a unique look at healthcare disparities amongst special groups, such as the LGBTQ community and the geriatric population. Consolidates today's available information on healthcare disparities in otolaryngology into a single, convenient resource.
Download or read book Exploring Data and Metrics of Value at the Intersection of Health Care and Transportation written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence from the public health sector demonstrates that health care is only one of the determinants of health, which also include genes, behavior, social factors, and the built environment. These contextual elements are key to understanding why health care organizations are motivated to focus beyond their walls and to consider and respond in unprecedented ways to the social needs of patients, including transportation needs. In June 2016 the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a joint workshop to explore partnerships, data, and measurement at the intersection of the health care and transportation sectors. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Download or read book Running on Empty written by Karen Lucas and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2004-10-13 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lack of access to transportation among low-income groups is increasingly being recognised as a barrier to employment and social inclusion both in Britain and the United States. This work looks at the delivery of transport from a social policy perspective to assist in a better understanding of this issue.
Download or read book Geospatial Approaches to Energy Balance and Breast Cancer written by David Berrigan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer occurs in specific places and spaces, each of which have identifiable geographic coordinates, characterized by unique natural, built and social characteristics, all of which contribute significantly to cancer across the spectrum from etiology through diagnosis, treatment and outcomes. In the first volume of this series, published in 2010, a single chapter was focused on these geographic influences. Since then, the field of geospatial studies of cancer prevention and control has exploded in approaches and applications. Accordingly, this volume focuses on what has now become a very specific research endeavor, Geospatial Factors Impacting Breast Cancer. The book provides important insights into this relatively new and rapidly developing field. It should be of value to all students of the Energy Balance & Cancer Series and a wide-ranging introduction to problems in cancer prevention and control for geographers, demographers and other researchers with a geospatial perspective. Moreover, it provides important information for all oncologists, endocrinologists, and behavioral modification professionals to better understand their patients in the context of their environment. It should also provide important considerations for physicians, scientists, public health professionals and disparity investigator planning clinical trials, community interventions and community planning.
Download or read book Mobilities and Inequality written by Hanja Maksim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-22 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book opens up the debate on the interrelations between space and mobilities with regard to different dimensions of social inequality. Based on the premise that the dynamics caused by modernization, globalization, migration and social change affect the structuring of the social fabric, the focus of the book is to illuminate these processes of social and spatial re-structurings. A leading team of contributors from the Cosmobilities network highlight different aspects of inequality in relation to mobilities, such as gender, supplying transport infrastructure, job-related relocations, multi-locality, social network geography, and socio-spatial development.
