Download or read book Exacerbation of Asthma in Children and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke written by Peter N. Lee and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature searches identified 60 publications which together described the results of a total of 47 relevant epidemiological studies in children. Eighteen of the studies were conducted in the USA, four in Canada, 13 in Europe (in a total of 10 countries), five in Turkey or the Middle East, three in India or the Far East, three in Africa and one in New Zealand. Seven references were published as abstracts. A further 17 publications described studies that seemed possibly relevant, but did not meet the inclusion criteria. The reasons for rejection included no actual data collected on ETS exposure, the study only reporting on whether tobacco smoke brought on wheezing (Speer, 1968), no results reported relating ETS exposure to aggravation of asthma (Wood et al., 1993; Huss et al., 1994; Chadwick, 1996; Gilliland et al., 2001; Morgan et al., 2004), results not reported separately for children (Tarlo et al., 2000; Bayona et al., 2002), results not reported separately for asthmatics (Lebowitz, 1984a; Lebowitz, 1984b; Toyoshima et al., 1987; Strachan et al., 1990; Agudo et al., 1994; Henderson et al., 1995; Fielder et al., 1999; Willers et al., 2000) and endpoint (respiratory illness) too broad (Gilliland et al., 2003). A further study (Bener et al., 1991) was rejected as the data presented seemed totally implausible, with 85% of a sample of schoolchildren reported to have asthma and the odds of having a frequent attack 34 times higher if one of the parents smoked. The studies are described individually in sections 1.2 (USA), 1.3 (Canada), 1.4 (Europe), 1.5 (Asia) and 1.6 (Other). Section 1.7 then summarises various relevant aspects of the studies considered and section 2 brings together the findings by type of endpoint.
Download or read book The Role of Environmental Tobacco Smoke in Asthma Induction and Exacerbation in Children and Adults written by Peter N. Lee and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of epidemiological and experimental (chamber) studies relating tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure to the induction and exacerbation of asthma in children and adults. Particular attention is given to separating out the roles of maternal smoking in pregnancy and post-natal ETS exposure on the induction of asthma. It is at a level equivalent to that in peer-reviewed academic publications. Previous reviews by the California EPA and by Strachan and Cook reach different views as to whether ETS exposure induces asthma or not. The book is aimed at clarifying the situation by more detailed and more up-to-date investigations.
Download or read book Exacerbation of Asthma in Children and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke written by Peter N. Lee and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Children Aged 3 19 Years with and Without Asthma in the United States 1999 2010 written by Kenneth B. Quinto and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Examining Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and the Risks of Asthma Exacerbation in Children written by Paul A. Locke and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.
Download or read book Patterns of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Hispanic Children and Acute Asthma Symptoms written by Giang Hong Duc Son and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Children and Secondhand Smoke Exposure written by Janice R. Harrington and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, massive and conclusive scientific evidence documents the serious health risks that second-hand smoke poses to children, and the list of these health conditions has lengthened. The 2006 Surgeon General's report on The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke concludes that children who are exposed to second-hand smoke are at an increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome, lower respiratory infections, middle ear disease, more severe asthma, respiratory symptoms, and slowed lung growth. Because their respiratory, immune, and nervous systems are still developing, children are especially vulnerable to the health effects of second-hand smoke. In addition, young children typically are exposed to second-hand smoke involuntarily and have limited options for avoiding exposure. They depend on their parents and on adults around them for protection.
Download or read book Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Asthmatic Children written by Debra M. Perkins and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Pediatric asthma is a growing public health concern. Parental cigarette smoking has been linearly related to reoccurrence and severity of symptoms. Substantial benefits would arise if parents assured an environment free of ETS, yet 43% of children are exposed to ETS in their homes. Objective: To determine how often PCP counsel parents of asthmatic children for avoidance of ETS exposure and tobacco use. Methods: This was a quantitative descriptive study utilizing retrospective chart review. All patients were randomly selected from a computer generated listing of patients meeting the age requirements with a NCD code of asthma. Results: Asthmatic children with at least one parent who smoked in the home was found to be at 59.3%. Overall, PCP advised elimination of ETS 52.9% of the time: MD's addressed this issue 44.6% of the time; Pediatricians slightly higher at 60%, and Family Nurse Practitioners addressing the issue 72.5% of the time. Percentages of addressing ETS were significantly higher in all categories when the child was in a smoking environment. Conclusion: It is incumbent upon every PCP caring for this population to utilize every teachable opportunity for identification and education for parents to eliminate ETS.
Download or read book Clearing the Air written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-05-24 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since about 1980, asthma prevalence and asthma-related hospitalizations and deaths have increased substantially, especially among children. Of particular concern is the high mortality rate among African Americans with asthma. Recent studies have suggested that indoor exposuresâ€"to dust mites, cockroaches, mold, pet dander, tobacco smoke, and other biological and chemical pollutantsâ€"may influence the disease course of asthma. To ensure an appropriate response, public health and education officials have sought a science-based assessment of asthma and its relationship to indoor air exposures. Clearing the Air meets this need. This book examines how indoor pollutants contribute to asthmaâ€"its causation, prevalence, triggering, and severity. The committee discusses asthma among the general population and in sensitive subpopulations including children, low-income individuals, and urban residents. Based on the most current findings, the book also evaluates the scientific basis for mitigating the effects of indoor air pollutants implicated in asthma. The committee identifies priorities for public health policy, public education outreach, preventive intervention, and further research.
Download or read book Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Behavior Problems in Asthmatic Children written by Dennis Raymond Wahlgren and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Tobacco Smoke and IL 4 Polymorphism C 589T Gene written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) have increased asthma exacerbations. IL-4 C-589T and IL-13 C-1112T single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with enhanced production of respective cytokines and asthma phenotypes. Increased IL-4 and IL-13 cytokine levels reported in smokers suggest a potential gene-environment interaction. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if infants exposed to ETS having the IL-4 or IL-13 gene polymorphisms were at increased risk of infantile wheezing. Methods: A prospective birth cohort of 758 infants born to atopic parents was evaluated annually by a questionnaire, physical examination, and skin prick testing. DNA samples from 560 children were genotyped for IL-4 C-589T and IL-13 C-1112T polymorphisms. Results: The interaction of exposure to high levels of ETS and the CT/TT genotypes for IL-4 C-589T showed a significant association with wheezing without a cold (OR: 10.84; 95% CI: 1.12-104.64, p=0.04) in African-American infants but was not significant in non-African-Americans.
Download or read book Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke ETS on Asthma in Children of El Salvador written by Hugo Salguero and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exposed of Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Asthma in Children Under Five Years written by Saroj Nakju and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book WHO Guidelines for Indoor Air Quality written by Elisabeth Heseltine and published by WHO Regional Office Europe. This book was released on 2009 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial pollution is a key element of indoor air pollution. It is caused by hundreds of species of bacteria and fungi, in particular filamentous fungi (mould), growing indoors when sufficient moisture is available. This document provides a comprehensive review of the scientific evidence on health problems associated with building moisture and biological agents. The review concludes that the most important effects are increased prevalences of respiratory symptoms, allergies and asthma as well as perturbation of the immunological system. The document also summarizes the available information on the conditions that determine the presence of mould and measures to control their growth indoors. WHO guidelines for protecting public health are formulated on the basis of the review. The most important means for avoiding adverse health effects is the prevention (or minimization) of persistent dampness and microbial growth on interior surfaces and in building structures. [Ed.]
Download or read book Environmental Tobacco Smoke written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-02-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book examines the recent research investigating the characteristics and composition of different types of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and discusses possible health effects of ETS. The volume presents an overview of methods used to determine exposures to environmental smoke and reviews both chronic and acute health effects. Many recommendations are made for areas of further research, including the differences between smokers and nonsmokers in absorbing, metabolizing, and excreting the components of ETS, and the possible effects of ETS exposure during childhood and fetal life.
Download or read book Public Health Consequences of E Cigarettes written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-05-18 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
