Download or read book Evolution of the Continental Upper Mantle written by Jeroen Henk de Smet and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Planetary Crusts written by S. Ross Taylor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference volume surveys the development of crusts on solid planets and satellites in the solar system.
Download or read book Evolution and Differentiation of the Continental Crust written by Michael Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-27 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Summary of recent research covering experimental methods and numerical modelling, for graduate students and researchers.
Download or read book The Earth s Crust and Upper Mantle written by Pembroke J. Hart and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1969 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continental Mantle written by Martin A. Menzies and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1990 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very Good,No Highlights or Markup,all pages are intact.
Download or read book The Continental Crust written by SR Taylor and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1991-01-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graduates in geology, geochemistry and geophysics will find this volume in the Geoscience Texts series a valuable reference text. The book begins by describing the known composition of the present upper crust, then deals with possible compositions for the total crusts and the inferred composition of the lower crust. The question of the uniformity of crustal composition throughout geological time is discussed. The rate of growth of the crust through time is assessed, and the effects of the extraction of the crust on mantle compositions are considered. Finally, the question of early pre-geological crusts on the Earth is debated, and comparisons are given with crusts on the Moon, Mercury, Mars, Venus and the Galilean Satellites.
Download or read book The Lithosphere written by Irina Artemieva and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a coherent synthesis of lithosphere studies, this book covers a range of geophysical methods (seismic reflection, refraction, and receiver function methods; elastic and anelastic seismic tomography; electromagnetic and magnetotelluric methods; thermal, gravity and rheological models), complemented by petrologic and laboratory data on rock properties. It also provides a critical discussion of the uncertainties, assumptions, and resolution issues that are inherent in the different methods and models of the lithosphere. Multidisciplinary in scope, global in geographical extent, and covering a wide variety of tectonics settings across 3.5 billion years of Earth history, this book presents a comprehensive overview of lithospheric structure and evolution. It is a core reference for researchers and advanced students in geophysics, geodynamics, tectonics, petrology, and geochemistry, and for petroleum and mining industry professionals.
Download or read book Composition Deep Structure and Evolution of Continents written by R.D. van der Hilst and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-10-22 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ensemble of manuscripts presented in this special volume captures the stimulating cross-disciplinary dialogue from the International Symposium on Deep Structure, Composition, and Evolution of Continents, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 15-17 October 1997. It will provide an update on recent research developments and serve as a starting point for research of the many outstanding issues.After its formation at mid-oceanic spreading centers, oceanic lithosphere cools, thickens, and subsides, until it subducts into the deep mantle beneath convergent margins. As a result of this continuous recycling process oceanic lithosphere is typically less than 200 million years old (the global average is about 80 Myr). A comprehensive, multi-disciplinary study of continents involves a wide range of length scales: tiny rock samples and diamond inclusions may yield isotope and trace element signatures diagnostic for the formation age and evolution of (parts of) cratons, while geophysical techniques (e.g., seismic and electromagnetic imaging) constrain variations of elastic and conductive properties over length scales ranging from several to many thousand kilometers. Integrating and reconciling this information is far from trivial and, as several papers in this volume document, the relationships between, for instance, formation age and tectonic behavior on the one hand and the seismic signature, heat flow, and petrology on the other may not be uniform but may vary both within as well as between cratons. These observations complicate attempts to determine the variations of one particular observable (e.g., heat flow, lithosphere thickness) as a function of another (e.g., crustal age) on the basis of global data compilations and tectonic regionalizations.Important conclusions of the work presented here are that (1) continental deformation, for instance shortening, is not restricted to the crust but also involves the lithospheric mantle; (2) the high wavespeed part of continental lithospheric mantle is probably thinner than inferred previously from vertically travelling body waves or form global surface-wave models; and (3) the seismic signature of ancient continents is more complex than expected from a uniform relationship with crustal age.
Download or read book Mantle Metasomatism written by Martin A. Menzies and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions written by Hauke Marquardt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-07 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary perspective on the dynamic processes occurring in Earth's mantle The convective motion of material in Earth's mantle, powered by heat from the deep interior of our planet, drives plate tectonics at the surface, generating earthquakes and volcanic activity. It shapes our familiar surface landscapes, and also stabilizes the oceans and atmosphere on geologic timescales. Mantle Convection and Surface Expressions brings together perspectives from observational geophysics, numerical modelling, geochemistry, and mineral physics to build a holistic picture of the deep Earth. It explores the dynamic processes occurring in the mantle as well as the associated heat and material cycles. Volume highlights include: Perspectives from different scientific disciplines with an emphasis on exploring synergies Current state of the mantle, its physical properties, compositional structure, and dynamic evolution Transport of heat and material through the mantle as constrained by geophysical observations, geochemical data and geodynamic model predictions Surface expressions of mantle dynamics and its control on planetary evolution and habitability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Download or read book Earth as an Evolving Planetary System written by Kent C. Condie and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-08-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth as an Evolving Planetary System, Second Edition, explores key topics and questions relating to the evolution of the Earth's crust and mantle over the last four billion years. This updated edition features exciting new information on Earth and planetary evolution and examines how all subsystems in our planet—crust, mantle, core, atmosphere, oceans and life—have worked together and changed over time. It synthesizes data from the fields of oceanography, geophysics, planetology, and geochemistry to address Earth's evolution. This volume consists of 10 chapters, including two new ones that deal with the Supercontinent Cycle and on Great Events in Earth history. There are also new and updated sections on Earth's thermal history, planetary volcanism, planetary crusts, the onset of plate tectonics, changing composition of the oceans and atmosphere, and paleoclimatic regimes. In addition, the book now includes new tomographic data tracking plume tails into the deep mantle. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, with a basic knowledge of geology, biology, chemistry, and physics. It also may serve as a reference tool for structural geologists and professionals in related disciplines who want to look at the Earth in a broader perspective. - Kent Condie's corresponding interactive CD, Plate Tectonics and How the Earth Works, can be purchased from Tasa Graphic Arts here: http://www.tasagraphicarts.com/progptearth.html - Two new chapters on the Supercontinent Cycle and on Great Events in Earth history - New and updated sections on Earth's thermal history, planetary volcanism, planetary crusts, the onset of plate tectonics, changing composition of the oceans and atmosphere, and paleoclimatic regimes - Also new in this Second Edition: the lower mantle and the role of the post-perovskite transition, the role of water in the mantle, new tomographic data tracking plume tails into the deep mantle, Euxinia in Proterozoic oceans, The Hadean, A crustal age gap at 2.4-2.2 Ga, and continental growth
Download or read book Continental Basalts and Mantle Xenoliths written by C. J. Hawkesworth and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thrust Tectonics written by K. R. McClay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: K.R. McClay Department of Geology, Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London, Egham, Surrey, England TW20 OEX. Since the first Thrust and Nappe Tectonics Conference in London in 1979 (McClay & Price 1981), and the Toulouse Meeting on Thrusting and Deformation in 1984 (Platt et al. 1986) there have been considerable advances in the study of thrust systems incorporating new field observations, conceptual models, mechanical models, analogue and numerical simulations, together with geophysical studies of thrust belts. Thrust Tectonics 1990 was an International Conference convened by the editor and held at Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London, Egham Surrey, from April 4th until April 7th 1990. There were one hundred and seventy participants from all continents except South America. The conference was generously sponsored by Brasoil U.K. Limited, BP Exploration, Chevron U.K. Limited, Clyde Petroleum, Enterprise Oil, Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, and Shell U.K. Exploration and Production. One hundred and five contributions were presented at the meeting, - seventy six oral presentations (together with poster displays) and an additional twenty nine posters without oral presentation (McClay 1990, conference abstract volume).
Download or read book Mantle Xenoliths written by Peter H. Nixon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1987 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eruption of deep-seated xenoliths in basaltic, alnoitic, kimberlitic, etc volcanoes provides the geologist with an important direct means of examining the fragments of the earth's mantle and lower crust.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics written by Harsh Gupta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 1579 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few decades have witnessed the growth of the Earth Sciences in the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the planet that we live on. This development addresses the challenging endeavor to enrich human lives with the bounties of Nature as well as to preserve the planet for the generations to come. Solid Earth Geophysics aspires to define and quantify the internal structure and processes of the Earth in terms of the principles of physics and forms the intrinsic framework, which other allied disciplines utilize for more specific investigations. The first edition of the Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics was published in 1989 by Van Nostrand Reinhold publishing company. More than two decades later, this new volume, edited by Prof. Harsh K. Gupta, represents a thoroughly revised and expanded reference work. It brings together more than 200 articles covering established and new concepts of Geophysics across the various sub-disciplines such as Gravity, Geodesy, Geomagnetism, Seismology, Seismics, Deep Earth Processes, Plate Tectonics, Thermal Domains, Computational Methods, etc. in a systematic and consistent format and standard. It is an authoritative and current reference source with extraordinary width of scope. It draws its unique strength from the expert contributions of editors and authors across the globe. It is designed to serve as a valuable and cherished source of information for current and future generations of professionals.
Download or read book The Earth s Heterogeneous Mantle written by Amir Khan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights and discusses recent developments that have contributed to an improved understanding of observed mantle heterogeneities and their relation to the thermo-chemical state of Earth's mantle, which ultimately holds the key to unlocking the secrets of the evolution of our planet. This series of topical reviews and original contributions address 4 themes. Theme 1 covers topics in geophysics, including global and regional seismic tomography, electrical conductivity and seismic imaging of mantle discontinuities and heterogeneities in the upper mantle, transition zone and lower mantle. Theme 2 addresses geochemical views of the mantle including lithospheric evolution from analysis of mantle xenoliths, composition of the deep Earth and the effect of water on subduction-zone processes. Theme 3 discusses geodynamical perspectives on the global thermo-chemical structure of the deep mantle. Theme 4 covers application of mineral physics data and phase equilibrium computations to infer the regional-scale thermo-chemical structure of the mantle.
Download or read book The Upper Mantle written by A. R. Ritsema and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developments in Geotectonics, 4: The Upper Mantle focuses on the upper mantle and its influence on the development of the earth's crust, including history of the moon and other planets and volcanology. The selection first offers information on the origin of the earth, including ideas on the formation process of the terrestrial planets, condensation of dust particles, nature of the earth's core, thermal history of the earth, and fractionation of iron in the terrestrial planets. The text then ponders on the beginning of continental evolution, as well as the oldest rocks of the earth's crust, thermal history of the moon, and early history of the other planets. The text elaborates on magmatic activity as the major process in the chemical evolution of the earth's crust and mantle; trends in the evolution of continents; progress and problems in volcanology; and pressure and temperature conditions and tectonic significance of regional and ocean-floor metamorphism. The manuscript also takes a look at the state of mantle minerals, melting temperatures in the earth's mantle, and geomagnetic induction studies and the electrical state of the upper mantle. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of the upper mantle.
