Download or read book Evolution of Coronal Mass Ejections from the Sun to 1 AU written by Valbona Kunkel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The SOHO Mission written by Bernhard Fleck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SOHO, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA to study the Sun, from its deep core to the outer corona, and the solar wind. To achieve its scientific goals it carries a complement of twelve sophisticated, state-of-the-art instruments. Three helioseismology instruments are expected to provide unique data for the study of the structure and dynamics of the solar interior, from the very deep core to the outermost layers of the convection zone. A set of five complementary remote sensing instruments, consisting of EUV and UV imagers, spectrographs and coronagraphs, will give us our first comprehensive view of the outer solar atmosphere and corona, leading to a better understanding of the enigmatic coronal heating and solar wind acceleration processes. Finally, three experiments will complement the remote sensing observations by making in-situ measurements of the composition and energy of the solar wind and charged energetic particles. This volume contains detailed descriptions of all the twelve instruments on board SOHO. Also included are an overview paper and a description of the SOHO ground system, science operations and data products. The aim of these papers is to make the broader scientific community, and in particular potential guest investigators, aware of the scientific objectives and capabilities of the SOHO payload and to provide a reference document for the various instruments.
Download or read book Coronal Mass Ejections written by Timothty Howard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-13 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces the solar coronal mass ejection phenomena. This includes both those observed in the corona and those further from the Sun, known as interplanetary coronal mass ejections. We discuss the history and physics behind these phenomena, theories describing their launch and evolution, association with other solar eruptive phenomena, and methods employed for their detection and scientific data extraction. Instruments used for their study (past, present and future) are also discussed, along with their resulting space weather effects on Earth and other planets. The latter requires a description of the Earth’s magnetosphere, which is also included. Coronal Mass Ejections brings together solar physics, heliospheric physics, and magnetospheric physics, three traditionally separate fields of study. The content is accessible to beginning graduate students who are trying to master difficult fundamental concepts.
Download or read book Extreme Events in Geospace written by Natalia Buzulukova and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extreme Events in Geospace: Origins, Predictability, and Consequences helps deepen the understanding, description, and forecasting of the complex and inter-related phenomena of extreme space weather events. Composed of chapters written by representatives from many different institutions and fields of space research, the book offers discussions ranging from definitions and historical knowledge to operational issues and methods of analysis. Given that extremes in ionizing radiation, ionospheric irregularities, and geomagnetically induced currents may have the potential to disrupt our technologies or pose danger to human health, it is increasingly important to synthesize the information available on not only those consequences but also the origins and predictability of such events. Extreme Events in Geospace: Origins, Predictability, and Consequences is a valuable source for providing the latest research for geophysicists and space weather scientists, as well as industries impacted by space weather events, including GNSS satellites and radio communication, power grids, aviation, and human spaceflight. The list of first/second authors includes M. Hapgood, N. Gopalswamy, K.D. Leka, G. Barnes, Yu. Yermolaev, P. Riley, S. Sharma, G. Lakhina, B. Tsurutani, C. Ngwira, A. Pulkkinen, J. Love, P. Bedrosian, N. Buzulukova, M. Sitnov, W. Denig, M. Panasyuk, R. Hajra, D. Ferguson, S. Lai, L. Narici, K. Tobiska, G. Gapirov, A. Mannucci, T. Fuller-Rowell, X. Yue, G. Crowley, R. Redmon, V. Airapetian, D. Boteler, M. MacAlester, S. Worman, D. Neudegg, and M. Ishii. Helps to define extremes in space weather and describes existing methods of analysis Discusses current scientific understanding of these events and outlines future challenges Considers the ways in which space weather may affect daily life Demonstrates deep connections between astrophysics, heliophysics, and space weather applications, including a discussion of extreme space weather events from the past Examines national and space policy issues concerning space weather in Australia, Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States
Download or read book Solar Terrestrial Magnetic Activity and Space Environment written by H. Wang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-11-20 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COSPAR Colloquium on Solar-Terrestrial Magnetic Activity and Space Environment (STMASE) was held in the National Astronomy Observatories of Chinese Academy of Sciences (NAOC) in Beijing, China in September 10-12, 2001. The meeting was focused on five areas of the solar-terrestrial magnetic activity and space environment studies, including study on solar surface magnetism; solar magnetic activity, dynamical response of the heliosphere; space weather prediction; and space environment exploration and monitoring. A hot topic of space research, CMEs, which are widely believed to be the most important phenomenon of the space environment, is discussed in many papers. Other papers show results of observational and theoretical studies toward better understanding of the complicated image of the magnetic coupling between the Sun and the Earth, although little is still known little its physical background. Space weather prediction, which is very important for a modern society expanding into out-space, is another hot topic of space research. However, a long way is still to go to predict exactly when and where a disaster will happen in the space. In that sense, there is much to do for space environment exploration and monitoring. The manuscripts submitted to this Monograph are divided into the following parts: (1) solar surface magnetism, (2) solar magnetic activity, (3) dynamical response of the heliosphere, (4) space environment exploration and monitoring; and (5) space weather prediction. Papers presented in this meeting but not submitted to this Monograph are listed by title as unpublished papers at the end of this book.
Download or read book Double Streaming at 35 AU During the Coronal Mass Ejections of March 1991 written by Thanasin V. Nampaisarn and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze data associated with the coronal mass ejections of March 1991, with emphasis on a remarkable double-streaming proton event observed at 35 AU. The plasma data used in our analysis were collected by three spacecraft: Voyager 2 near 35 AU, Ulysses near 3 AU, and IMP-8 at 1 AU. The observations of the same CME events by three spacecraft over such a wide range of radii gives insight into the evolution of CMEs as they propagate from the Sun to 1 AU and then into the outer heliosphere. Of the many characteristics observed, we are especially interested in the double-streaming proton events seen at Voyager 2 in June 1991 over a two day period. Such pronounced double-streaming has not previously been reported to be a feature of CMEs at any distance, much less at distances of 35 AU, with its 120 day transit time from the Sun. The double streaming events show a remarkably large separation between the two peaks that is close to the Alfvén speed and much greater than the thermal spread of either peak. These double streaming events were followed a day later by a large scale polarity reversal in the interplanetary magnetic field at Voyager 2. This reversal is thought to be a site of magnetic reconnection, where energy in the field is being converted into particle energy. We speculate that the free energy involved in the earlier double streaming events is somehow related to this magnetic reconnection process, although we have found as yet no direct causal connection.
Download or read book The Solar Dynamics Observatory written by Phillip Chamberlin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-05-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is dedicated to the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which was launched 11 February 2010. The articles focus on the spacecraft and its instruments: the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE), and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). Articles within also describe calibration results and data processing pipelines that are critical to understanding the data and products, concluding with a description of the successful Education and Public Outreach activities. This book is geared towards anyone interested in using the unprecedented data from SDO, whether for fundamental heliophysics research, space weather modeling and forecasting, or educational purposes. Previously published in Solar Physics journal, Vol. 275/1-2, 2012. Selected articles in this book are published open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license at link.springer.com. For further details, please see the license information in the chapters.
Download or read book Physics of the Inner Heliosphere II written by Rainer Schwenn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of the Inner Heliosphere gives for the first time a comprehensive and complete summary of our knowledge of the inner solar system. Using data collected over more than 11 years by the HELIOS twin solar probes, one of the most successful ventures in unmanned space exploration, the authors have compiled six extensive reviews of the physical processes of the inner heliosphere and their relation to the solar atmosphere. Researchers and advanced students in space and plasma physics, astronomy, and solar physics will be surprised to see just how closely the heliosphere is tied to, and how sensitively it depends on, the sun. Volume 2 deals with particles, waves, and turbulence, with chapters on: - magnetic clouds - interplanetary clouds - the solar wind plasma and MHD turbulence - waves and instabilities - energetic particles in the inner solar system
Download or read book Corotating Interaction Regions written by A. Balogh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-01-31 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gives a comprehensive and integrated overview of current knowledge and understanding of corotating interaction regions (CIRs) in the solar wind. It is the result of a workshop at ISSI, where space scientists involved in the Ulysses, Pioneer, Voyager, IMP-8, Wind, and SOHO missions exchanged their data and interpretations with theorists in the fields of solar and heliospheric physics. The book provides a broad synthesis of current understanding of CIRs, which form at the interface between the fast solar wind originating in the northern and southern coronal holes and the slow solar wind that originates near and within coronal streamers surrounding the heliomagnetic equator. CIRs are the dominant structure in the heliosphere near and beyond Earth on the declining phase and near the minimum of the 11-year solar activity cycle. Particles energized at the shocks that bound CIRs at heliospheric distances beyond the orbit of Earth are the dominant energetic particle population observed in the outer heliosphere at these times. Papers included in this volume cover the subject of CIRs from their dissipation in the outer hemisphere, and include discussions of complexities associated with their evolution with distance from the Sun, their three-dimensional structure, and the myriad effects that CIRs have on energetic particles throughout the heliosphere. The book is intended to provide scientists active in space physics research with an up-to-date status report on current understanding of CIRs and their effects in the heliosphere, and also to serve the advanced graduate student with introductory material on this active field of research.
Download or read book Magnetohydrodynamics of the Sun written by Eric Priest and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook reviews the complex interaction between the Sun's plasma atmosphere and its magnetic field.
Download or read book The Evolution of Modeled Coronal Mass Ejection in the Lower Corona written by Rebekah Minnel Evans Frolov and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and their associated shocks are major sources of space weather. In order to forecast their impact at Earth, it is crucial to accurately model their propagation in interplanetary space. The only tool capable of treating the large scales of CME evolution is global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) modeling. However, this approach cannot resolve the small scales on which important processes occur (such as the acceleration of the solar wind and coronal heating). The solar wind solution depends on which method is utilized to mimic these processes. And because the evolution of a CME depends crucially on its interaction with the solar wind, the CME evolution will also be connected to the heating mechanisms and drivers utilized in an MHD model. In the first part of the thesis, we show that the ad hoc approaches to coronal heating used in global MHD models leads to unphysical conditions for CME-driven shock formation in the lower corona (1-10 solar radii). We present this argument in two steps. First, we present a CME simulation in which the solar wind was accelerated and heated by reducing the value of the polytropic index (to less than the adiabatic value) in the lower corona. As it is not well understood, we do not model the CME initiation process - we utilize an out-of-equilibrium Titov-Demoulin flux rope to begin the eruption. We analyze several aspects of the CME, such as its kinematics and energy evolution, the shock formation and evolution, the plasma flows in the CME-sheath and their connection to the CME magnetic field vector, and the plasma pile-up at the front of the CME. We find that some characteristics are inconsistent with the observed properties of CMEs, and we connect these to the ad hoc treatment of the solar wind heating. Second, we use data of CME shock-accelerated solar energetic particle events to constrain the profile of the Alfven speed in the lower corona. We show that the Alfven speed profile from global MHD models with ad hoc heating is not aligned with these observations, but that local (one dimensional) models with physically-motivated Alfven wave dissipation as a heating mechanism were in agreement. In the second part of the thesis, we study the resonant absorption of surface Alfven waves (SAW), a process which heats the solar wind. It is driven by a transverse gradient in the local Alfven speed (in relation to the magnetic field direction). In the solar corona, we expect this mechanism to occur at the boundaries of open and closed magnetic fields. We make the first estimation of SAW energy dissipation in the solar corona and find that it is comparable to the ad hoc heating a polytropic model at the boundary of open and closed magnetic fields and in subpolar open field regions. Next, we implemented the SAW damping mechanism into the new solar corona component of the Space Weather Modeling Framework, in which Alfven wave energy transport is self-consistently coupled to the MHD equations. The model already included wave dissipation along open magnetic field lines, mimicking turbulence. We demonstrate that including SAW dissipation in the model improved agreement with observations of coronal temperature both near the Sun and in the inner heliosphere by comparing with data from Ulysses and the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO). Also, the inclusion of SAW dissipation steepened the Alfven speed profile in the lower corona, aligning the Alfven profile better with observational constraints of shock formation. In the final part of the thesis, we modeled a CME in this newly developed solar wind background, and studied the interaction between the CME and the wind. We generate the eruption with a flux rope. We constrain the parameters of the flux rope with data from the 13 May 2005 eruption, including H-alpha images of the pre-eruption magnetic field, coronagraph images of the CME's shape and velocity. Because the flux rope traveled faster than the local magnetosonic speed, it acted as a piston and drove a shock wave ahead of it. The CME-driven shock had a strong impact on the solar wind environment through which it propagates: it altered the wave energy by concentrating it in the sheath through advection, and also increasing its value through momentum transfer. This simulation demonstrated how Alfven waves are focused into the sheaths of ICMEs. The wave energy is then dissipated at the shock due to SAW damping. The shock heating accounted for 10% of the total change in thermal energy of the CME. The resulting temperature distribution of the CME is more aligned with observations than from a CME modeled in a polytropic solar wind. This thesis has improved our understanding of the interaction between a CME and the solar wind through which it propagates. Our picture of CME-evolution in the lower corona will be tested by future missions Solar Probe (which will sample this region directly) and the Solar Orbiter.
Download or read book The Sun the Earth and Near earth Space written by John A. Eddy and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2009 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: " ... Concise explanations and descriptions - easily read and readily understood - of what we know of the chain of events and processes that connect the Sun to the Earth, with special emphasis on space weather and Sun-Climate."--Dear Reader.
Download or read book Cosmic Winds and the Heliosphere written by Jack Randolph Jokipii and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 1997-10 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors examine the physics of wind origin and physical phenomena in winds, including heliospheric shocks, magnetohydrodynamic turbulence, and kinetic phenomena--and their interactions with surrounding media. Contributions range from studies of the interstellar cloud surrounding the solar system to solar wind interaction with comets.
Download or read book Solar and Space Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2010, NASA and the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee of experts to develop an integrated national strategy that would guide agency investments in solar and space physics for the years 2013-2022. That strategy, the result of nearly 2 years of effort by the survey committee, which worked with more than 100 scientists and engineers on eight supporting study panels, is presented in the 2013 publication, Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. This booklet, designed to be accessible to a broader audience of policymakers and the interested public, summarizes the content of that report.
Download or read book The Solar Corona written by Leon Golub and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second edition graduate level textbook giving an up-to-date treatment of our understanding of the solar corona.
Download or read book An Introduction to Space Weather written by Mark Moldwin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated introductory textbook, with added learning features, explains how the Sun influences the Earth and its near-space environment.
Download or read book The Sun and Space Weather written by Arnold Hanslmeier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-19 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents comprehensive coverage of the Sun and space weather, two rapidly evolving topics. In this new edition, the information has been updated to include the latest results. In addition, new sections are included, like one on space weather data sources, as well as examples and information on new satellite missions.
