Download or read book Cognition in Practice written by Jean Lave and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-07-29 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most previous research on human cognition has focused on problem-solving, and has confined its investigations to the laboratory. As a result, it has been difficult to account for complex mental processes and their place in culture and history. In this startling - indeed, disco in forting - study, Jean Lave moves the analysis of one particular form of cognitive activity, - arithmetic problem-solving - out of the laboratory into the domain of everyday life. In so doing, she shows how mathematics in the 'real world', like all thinking, is shaped by the dynamic encounter between the culturally endowed mind and its total context, a subtle interaction that shapes 1) Both tile human subject and the world within which it acts. The study is focused on mundane daily, activities, such as grocery shopping for 'best buys' in the supermarket, dieting, and so on. Innovative in its method, fascinating in its findings, the research is above all significant in its theoretical contributions. Have offers a cogent critique of conventional cognitive theory, turning for an alternative to recent social theory, and weaving a compelling synthesis from elements of culture theory, theories of practice, and Marxist discourse. The result is a new way of understanding human thought processes, a vision of cognition as the dialectic between persons-acting, and the settings in which their activity is constituted. The book will appeal to anthropologists, for its novel theory of the relation of cognition to culture and context; to cognitive scientists and educational theorists; and to the 'plain folks' who form its subject, and who will recognize themselves in it, a rare accomplishment in the modern social sciences.
Download or read book Everyday Cognition in Adulthood and Late Life written by Leonard W. Poon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1992-01-31 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors present relevant data that open up new directions for those studying cognitive aging.
Download or read book Everyday Cognition written by Barbara Rogoff and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 1999 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mechanisms of Everyday Cognition written by James M. Puckett and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the proceedings of the twelfth biennial conference on life-span developmental psychology, most of the contributions in this volume deal with the mechanisms of everyday cognition. However, a broad spectrum of additional concerns is addressed within the domain of everyday cognition: its metatheoretical underpinnings, theory and theoretical issues, methods of investigation, empirical considerations, and social issues and applications. Addressing everyday cognition in infancy, childhood, adolescence, young and middle adulthood, and old age, this book is consistent with the chronological life-span theme of this series. The contributors collectively discuss some of the traditional concerns of life-span psychology: the dialectical nature of everyday cognition, individual differences, and contextual influences. Leading and concluding chapters provide overview, integration, and summary. In bringing together a wide array of age periods and points of view within the domain of everyday cognition, the editors hope that students and researchers in developmental psychology and cognitive science will find a useful cross-fertilization of ideas. A huge variety of theoretical perspectives is presented ranging from the position that everyday cognition and academic (laboratory) cognition are different manifestations of the same underlying processes to the position that the underlying processes are completely separate. Also of importance, a large assortment of research methods is illustrated including interviews, laboratory simulations, real-life observations and psychometric methods.
Download or read book Neuroergonomics written by Hasan Ayaz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-21 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroergonomics: The Brain at Work and in Everyday Life details the methodologies that are useful for keeping an ideal human-machine system up-to-date, along with information on how to prevent potential overload and minimize errors. It discusses neural measures and the proper methods and technologies to maximize performance, thus providing a resource for neuroscientists who want to learn more about the technologies and real-time tools that can help them assess cognitive and motivational states of human operators and close the loop for advanced human-machine interaction. With the advent of new and improved tools that allow monitoring of brain activity in the field and better identification of neurophysiological markers that can index impending overload or fatigue, this book is a timely resource on the topic. Includes neurobiological models to better understand risky decision-making and cognitive countermeasures, augmented cognition, and brain stimulations to enhance performance and mitigate human error Features innovative methodologies and protocols using psychophysiological measurements and brain imaging techniques in realistic operational settings Discusses numerous topics, including cognitive performance in psychological and neurological disorders, brain computer interfaces (BCI), and human performance monitoring in ecological conditions, virtual reality, and serious gaming
Download or read book Handbook of Cross cultural Psychology Basic processes and human development written by John W. Berry and published by John Berry. This book was released on 1997 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume in a set of three, this text incorporates the views of authors from a variety of nations, cultures, traditions and perspectives. It summarizes research in the areas of basic processes and developmental psychology, adopting a dynamic, constructivist and socio-historical approach.
Download or read book When I m 64 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-02-13 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 2030 there will be about 70 million people in the United States who are older than 64. Approximately 26 percent of these will be racial and ethnic minorities. Overall, the older population will be more diverse and better educated than their earlier cohorts. The range of late-life outcomes is very dramatic with old age being a significantly different experience for financially secure and well-educated people than for poor and uneducated people. The early mission of behavioral science research focused on identifying problems of older adults, such as isolation, caregiving, and dementia. Today, the field of gerontology is more interdisciplinary. When I'm 64 examines how individual and social behavior play a role in understanding diverse outcomes in old age. It also explores the implications of an aging workforce on the economy. The book recommends that the National Institute on Aging focus its research support in social, personality, and life-span psychology in four areas: motivation and behavioral change; socioemotional influences on decision-making; the influence of social engagement on cognition; and the effects of stereotypes on self and others. When I'm 64 is a useful resource for policymakers, researchers and medical professionals.
Download or read book Mind in Everyday Life and Cognitive Science written by Sunny Y. Auyang and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001-03-15 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sunny Auyang tackles what she calls "the large pictures of the human mind," exploring the relevance of cognitive science findings to everyday mental life. Auyang proposes a model of an "open mind emerging from the self-organization of infrastructures," which she opposes to prevalent models that treat mind as a disembodied brain or computer, subject to the control of external agents such as neuroscientists and programmers. Although cognitive science has obtained abundant data on neural and computational processes, it barely explains such ordinary experiences as recognizing faces, feeling pain, or remembering the past. In this book Sunny Auyang tackles what she calls "the large pictures of the human mind," exploring the relevance of cognitive science findings to everyday mental life. Auyang proposes a model of an "open mind emerging from the self-organization of infrastructures," which she opposes to prevalent models that treat mind as a disembodied brain or computer, subject to the control of external agents such as neuroscientists and programmers. Her model consists of three parts: (1) the open mind of our conscious life; (2) mind's infrastructure, the unconscious processes studied by cognitive science; and (3) emergence, the relation between the open mind and its infrastructure. At the heart of Auyang's model is the mind that opens to the world and makes it intelligible. A person with an open mind feels, thinks, recognizes, believes, doubts, anticipates, fears, speaks, and listens, and is aware of I, together with it and thou. Cognitive scientists refer to the "binding problem," the question of how myriad unconscious processes combine into the unity of consciousness. Auyang approaches the problem from the other end—by starting with everyday experience rather than with the mental infrastructure. In so doing, she shows both how analyses of experiences can help to advance cognitive science and how cognitive science can help us to understand ourselves as autonomous subjects.
Download or read book Cognition in Action written by Mary M. Smyth and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for undergraduate courses in cognitive psychology, this textbook approaches cognitive psychology by asking what it says about how people carry out everyday activities.
Download or read book MENC Handbook of Musical Cognition and Development written by Richard Colwell Professor Emeritus of Music Education University of Illinois and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006-02-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Answering fundamental questions about musical preference, ability, and communication, the field of Musical Cognition and Development is critical to the understanding of how music is processed, grasped, and learned. Drawn from the widely acclaimed New Handbook of Research on Music Teaching and Learning (Oxford, 2002), the MENC Handbook of Musical Cognition and Development covers the latest theoretical and practical techniques that explain meaning and understanding in music. A distinguished team of internationally recognized experts offers cogent and concise insights providing readers up-to-date information and references. The volume covers the most important topics in this field, including skill development in music performance, research on communicating music expressiveness, the neurobiology of music, the cognitive constraints in the listening process, and music and medicine as applied to neuroscience. Practical and affordable, this volume will prove essential for students and scholars of music education and the psychology of music. It is both an excellent starting point for those looking to gain an orientation to the field, and an up-to-date presentation of the most recent research findings for experienced researchers, instructors, and pedagogues.
Download or read book Neuropsychology of Everyday Functioning written by Thomas D. Marcotte and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The go-to resource for assessing and predicting functional abilities in persons with brain injury or cognitive decline has now been revised and expanded to reflect significant advances in the field. With a focus on key real-world capacities--independent living, vocational functioning, medication management, and driving--leading experts explore how individuals go about their daily lives, where and why disruptions occur, and potential opportunities for improving function. Strategies for direct assessment are reviewed, from standard neuropsychological tests to multimodal approaches and technology-based tools. Chapters also provide functional assessment guidance for specific neurological and psychiatric conditions: dementia, traumatic brain injury, depression, schizophrenia, and others. New to This Edition *Incorporates over a decade of technological and methodological innovations. *Chapter on theories and models of everyday functioning. *Chapters on naturalistic assessment, wearable sensors, ambulatory assessment, and virtual-reality-based tools. *Practical clinical implications are highlighted throughout.
Download or read book The Multicontext Approach to Cognitive Rehabilitation written by Joan Toglia and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-14 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides practical information, tools and resources for implementation of the Multicontext Approach (MC) in cognitive rehabilitation. The Multicontext approach is uniquely designed to promote and enhance cognitive strategy use, self-awareness and self-monitoring skills across everyday activities in a way that maximizes functional outcomes for people with cognitive impairments due to acquired brain injury and other health conditions. Assembled by a leading worldwide expert in cognitive rehabilitation, this is the first comprehensive volume that integrates Multicontext treatment principles, evidence and guidelines all in one place and provides "how to" information to guide clinical practice and research. Organized into 3 sections, the first part provides foundational knowledge and clinical examples of the impact of cognitive impairments on functional performance and includes tools for observing, analyzing, and interpreting cognitive performance within daily life activities. The second part provides in-depth coverage of the Multicontext approach including theoretical concepts, strategies to address different cognitive performance problems, and detailed guidelines for using a structured metacognitive framework, guided learning techniques, and structuring treatment activities along a transfer continuum to optimize generalization or carryover of learning. The final part of the book provides additional clinical scenarios and case examples to illustrate how the Multicontext approach can be tailored to meet individual needs across a wide range of clinical problems and settings as well as within interprofessional teams. This landmark publication is an essential resource for occupational therapy practitioners, students, clinical neuropsychologists, researchers, and other healthcare professionals who work within the field of cognitive rehabilitation in inpatient, outpatient or community-based settings. In a large-size format for easy photocopying, this invaluable book features an extensive appendix with a full of a range of learning exercises and reflective activities, summaries, observational tools, training guides, clinical examples, treatment forms and worksheets that can be reproduced for clinical practice to enable readers to carry out these methods with their clients. Purchasers obtain access to a Web page where they can download and print reproducible materials from appendices.
Download or read book Sensation and Perception written by E. Bruce Goldstein and published by Wadsworth Publishing Company. This book was released on 2002 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table 1.1. p. 12.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Emotion Social Cognition and Problem Solving in Adulthood written by Paul Verhaeghen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, the field of socio-emotional development and aging has rapidly expanded, with many new theories and empirical findings emerging. This trend is consistent with the broader movement in psychology to consider social, motivational, and emotional influences on cognition and behavior. The Oxford Handbook of Emotion, Social Cognition, and Problem Solving in Adulthood provides the first overview of a new field of adult development that has emerged out of conceptualizations and research at the intersections between socioemotional development, social cognition, emotion, coping, and everyday problem solving. This field roundly rejects a universal deficit model of aging, highlighting instead the dynamic nature of socio-emotional development and the differentiation of individual trajectories of development as a function of variation in contextual and experiential influences. It emphasizes the need for a cross-level examination (from biology and neuroscience to cognitive and social psychology) of the determinants of emotional and socio-emotional behavior. This volume also serves as a tribute to the late Fredda Blanchard-Fields, whose thinking and empirical research contributed extensively to a life-span developmental view of emotion, problem solving, and social cognition. Its chapters cover multiple aspects of adulthood and aging, presenting developmental perspectives on emotion; antecedents and consequences of emotion in context; everyday problem solving; social cognition; goals and goal-related behaviors; and wisdom. The landmark volume in this new field, The Oxford Handbook of Emotion, Social Cognition, and Problem Solving in Adulthood is an important resource for cognitive, developmental, and social psychologists, as well as researchers and graduate students in the field of aging, emotion studies, and social psychology.
Download or read book A Functional Theory of Cognition written by Norman H. Anderson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unified, general theory of functional cognition is presented in this book. Its generality appears in the titles of the 13 chapters listed below. Its unity appears in the effectiveness of the same methods and concepts across all of these areas. Generality and unity both stem from the foundation axiom of purposiveness. The axiom of purposiveness has been made effective through capability for functional measurement of values, which embody the goal-directed character of purposiveness. This measurement capability is based on the general cognitive algebra established in information integration theory. Functional theory can thus be made precise and effective near the level of everyday phenomenology. The book is written at a relatively simple level, directed at readers in every field of psychology. Among its characteristics are: * self-sufficient theory near the level of everyday phenomenology; * foundation on structure of the internal world; and * solid grounding in experimental analysis.
Download or read book Everyday Thinking written by Stanley Woll and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001-07-01 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appropriate as a textbook for courses in cognitive psychology or social cognition, Everyday Thinking reviews the rapidly growing literature on cognition in naturalistic settings. It differs from other textbooks in that, where possible, it focuses on thinking in real-world settings rather than in controlled laboratory settings and provides detailed treatments of each of the following topics: * how we form impressions of and represent persons in memory; * how we recognize and represent faces; * how we reason in our day-to-day lives and go about solving everyday problems; * how we make judgments and decisions; * how we encode memories of events--both for future action and for our own life histories; and * what are some of the implications of everyday knowledge and cognition for education and instruction. This book presents the theoretical positions and research evidence on each of these topics and examines the generally unexplored connections among them. As a result, this book presents the study of cognition in a more relevant form and in a context that readers can more readily apply to their own lives.
Download or read book informal Teaching and Learning written by Rosemary C. Henze and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on an ethnographic study conducted in a Greek community, this book celebrates the small ways people teach and learn while they are engaged in other, supposedly more important, activities. By examining the intricate ways in which knowledge and skills of everyday life are transmitted, it shows how family, community, and culture shape the cognitive world of learners. Beginning with a rich description of the community and its culture, the book then focuses on six contrasting episodes of informal instruction. Video and audiotaped scenes of learning to dance, learning to perform the healing art of cupping, and learning about kinship, for example, provide material for detailed analyses. The book demonstrates the interplay of culture and learning by exploring how the cultural theme of struggle and the use of different interpretive frames shaped informal instruction in this community and how, at the same time, processes of informal teaching and learning contributed to the evolving construction of culture by its members. Interpretive framing emerges as a key concept that studies of situated cognition must consider. Since formal and informal instruction are closely linked, the culturally specific ways of teaching and learning shown in informal instruction will help all educators meet the needs of diverse student bodies.
