Download or read book Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum Cultivars as a Potential Ethanol Crop in Mississippi written by David Scott Horton (II) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petroleum prices have made alternative fuel crops a viable option for ethanol production. Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor] is a non-food crop that may produce large quantities of ethanol with minimal inputs. Eleven cultivars were planted in 2008 and 2009 as a half-season crop. Four-row plots 6.9 m by 0.5 m, were monitored bimonthly for °Brix, height, and sugar accumulation. Yield and extractable sap were taken at the end of season. Stalk yield was greatest for the cultivar Sugar Top (4945 kg ha -1) and lowest for Simon (1054 kg ha−1). Dale ranked highest ethanol output (807 L ha−1) while Simon (123 L ha−1) is the lowest. All cultivars peak Brix accumulation occurs in early October. Individual sugar concentrations indicated sucrose is the predominant sugar with glucose and fructose levels dependent on cultivar. Supplemental ethanol in fermented wort was the best preservative tested to halt degradation of sorghum wort.

Download or read book Potential Ethanol Production and By product Evaluation of Ten Sweet Sorghum Cultivars written by Stanley S. Roberts and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum Cultivars as a Potential Rotation Crop in Molecular Farming and as a Feedstock Crop for Ethanol Production and Co generation written by Brett R. Weeden and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Characterization of Improved Sweet Sorghum Cultivars written by P. Srinivasa Rao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-05 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of driving forces, including the soaring global crude oil prices and environmental concerns in both developed and developing nations has triggered a renewed interest in the recent years on the R&D of biofuel crops. In this regard, many countries across the globe are investing heavily in the bioenergy sector for R&D to increase their energy security and reduce their dependence on imported fossil fuels. Currently, most of the biofuel requirement is met by sugarcane in Brazil and corn in the United States, while biodiesel from rapeseed oil in Europe. Sweet sorghum has been identified as a unique biofuel feedstock in India since it is well adapted to Indian agro-climatic conditions and more importantly it does not jeopardize food security at the cost of fuel. Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is considered as a SMART new generation energy crop as it can accumulate sugars in its stalks similar to sugarcane, but without food¬¬-fuel trade-offs and can be cultivated in almost all temperate and tropical climatic conditions and has many other advantages. The grain can be harvested from the panicles at maturity. There is no single publication detailing the agronomic and biochemical traits of tropical sweet sorghum cultivars and hybrid parents. Hence, an attempt is made in this publication- “Characterization of improved sweet sorghum cultivars” to detail the complete description of cultivars. This book serves as a ready reference on the detailed characterization of different improved sweet sorghum genotypes following the PPVFRA guidelines for the researchers, entrepreneurs, farmers and other stakeholders to identify the available sweet sorghum cultivars and understand their yield potential in tropics.

Download or read book Production Potential of Sweet Sorghum ISorghum Bicolon L MOENCH Cultivars for Ethanol Production Under Varying Levels of Fertility and Plant Population written by H.S. Latha and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economic Feasibility of Producing Sweet Sorghum as an Ethanol Feedstock in Mississippi written by Joseph Andrew Linton and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the feasibility of producing sweet sorghum as an ethanol feedstock in Mississippi. An enterprise budgeting system is used along with estimates of transportation costs to estimate farmers' breakeven costs for producing and delivering sweet sorghum biomass. This breakeven cost for the farmer, along with breakeven costs for the producer based on wholesale ethanol price, production costs, and transportation and marketing costs for the refined ethanol, is used to estimate the amounts that farmers and ethanol producers would be willing to accept (WTA) and willing to pay (WTP), respectively, for sweet sorghum biomass. These WTA and WTP estimates are analyzed by varying key factors in the biomass and ethanol production processes. Deterministic and stochastic models are used to estimate profits for sweet sorghum and competing crops in two representative counties in Mississippi, with sweet sorghum consistently yielding negative per-acre profits in both counties.

Download or read book Growing Sweet Sorghum as a Source of Fermentable Sugars for Energy written by Gary John Gascho and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were conducted to evaluate the potential of sweet sorghum as a fuel ethanol feedstock for the southern coastal plain. Several cultural aspects were studied and a methol for rapid evaluation of the fermentable sugar concentrtions in the stalks was developed. The major findings of the studies were. 1. Wray, M81E, and MN1500 were the highest yielding early, medium, and late-maturing cultivars tested. Because of its high sugar concentration and resistance to lodging, Wray was the best single cultivar. 2. On the better agricultural soils of the area, the yield potential is five to six metric tons of total sugars per hectare. 3. The best planting time is in early May. Yields are reduced in plantings after mid-May because of early maturity and damage from the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). The best harvest time is at the soft, to hard-dough stages of the seed. To maintain a constant supply of high-yielding sweet sorghum for a fuel ethanol plant, it was demonstrated the combinations of cultivars, planting dates, and harvest stages resulted in 95% of maximum sugar yield over a four-month period. 5. Nutrient requirements for sweet sorghum were low in comparisons to corn. No response to P or K was found when the soil test was high or medium for the elements, respectively. For a medium P soil test, yield responses were obtained to at least 25 kg P/ha. For a low K test, response was obtained to 186 kg K/ha. Response was obtained to about 100 kg N/ha. The N application should be split, with about one-half to two-thirds applied as a sidedressing when the sorghum is 30 to 60 cm high. No response was found to a 10-34-0 starter fertilizer, but the P soil test was high in this study. 6. The actual removal of nutrients by a sweet sorghum crop was determined to be 1,5 kg/MT fresh stalks for N, 0.3 for P, 1.8 for K, 0,6 for Ca and 0,3 for Mg. 7. No yield advantage was found in decreasing the row sapcing from 90 cm nor was there as advantage to increasing the population above 75 thousand plants per hectare. 8. The best control of annual grasses was obtained with a propazine plus metolachlor treatment. 9. No positive responses were found to the application of several growth regulators. 10. As automated analysis for determining the concentrations of total sugars in fresh or frozen sweet sorghum stalks was developed using an AutoAnalyzer II.

Download or read book The Biomass Assessment Handbook written by Frank Rosillo-Calle and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing importance of biomass as a renewable energy source has lead to an acute need for reliable and detailed information on its assessment, consumption and supply. Responding to this need, and overcoming the lack of standardized measurement and accounting procedures, this handbook provides the reader with the skills to understand the biomass resource base, the tools to assess the resource, and explores the pros and cons of exploitation. Topics covered include assessment methods for woody and herbaceous biomass, biomass supply and consumption, remote sensing techniques as well as vital policy issues. International case studies, ranging from techniques for measuring tree volume to transporting biomass, help to illustrate step-by-step methods and are based on field work experience. Technical appendices offer a glossary of terms, energy units and other valuable resource data.

Download or read book Heterosis and Composition of Sweet Sorghum written by Rebecca J. Corn and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) has potential as a bioenergy feedstock due to its high yield potential and the production of simple sugars for fermentation. Sweet sorghum cultivars are typically tall, high biomass types with juicy stalks and high sugar concentration. These sorghums can be harvested, milled, and fermented to ethanol using technology similar to that used to process sugarcane. Sweet sorghum has advantages in that it can be planted by seed with traditional planters, is an annual plant that quickly produces a crop and fits well in crop rotations, and it is a very water-use efficient crop. Processing sweet sorghum is capital intensive, but it could fit into areas where sugarcane is already produced. Sweet sorghum could be timed to harvest and supply the sugar mill during the off season when sugarcane is not being processed, be fit into crop rotations, or used in water limiting environments. In these ways, sweet sorghum could be used to produce ethanol in the Southern U.S and other tropical and subtropical environments. Traditionally, sweet sorghum has been grown as a pureline cultivar. However, these cultivars produce low quantities of seed and are often too tall for efficient mechanical harvest. Sweet sorghum hybrids that use grain-type seed parents with high sugar concentrations are one way to overcome limitation to seed supply and to capture the benefits of heterosis. There are four objectives of this research. First to evaluate the importance of genotype, environment, and genotype-by-environment interaction effects on the sweet sorghum yield and composition. The second objective is to determine the presence and magnitude of heterosis effects for traits related to sugar production in sweet sorghum. Next: to study the ability of sweet sorghum hybrids and cultivars to produce a ratoon crop and determine the contribution of ratoon crops to total sugar yield. The final objective is to evaluate variation in composition of sweet sorghum juice and biomass. Sweet sorghum hybrids, grain-type sweet seed parents, and traditional cultivars that served as male parents were evaluated in multi-environment trials in Weslaco, College Station, and Halfway, Texas in 2007 and 2008. Both genotype and environment influenced performance, but environment had a greater effect than genotype on the composition of sweet sorghum juice and biomass yield. In comparing performance, elite hybrids produced fresh biomass and sugar yields similar to the traditional cultivars while overcoming the seed production limitations. High parent heterosis was expressed among the experimental hybrids for biomass yield, sugar yield and sugar concentration. Additional selection for combining ability would further enhance yields and heterosis in the same hybrid. Little variation was observed among hybrids for juice and biomass composition suggesting that breeding efforts should focus on yield before altering plant composition.

Download or read book Evaluation of Cultivars Harvesting Stages and Fertilizer Management in Sweet Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L Moench for Bioethanol Production in Bhadra Command Area written by Y.M. Ramesha and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Biomass Energy Conversions written by Sergio Capareda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-07-09 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential that biomass energy has to supplement traditional fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions has put it front and center in the plan to replace fossil-based fuels with renewable fuels. While much has been written about biomass conversions, no single textbook contains all the information needed to teach a biomass conversion course—until now. Introduction to Biomass Energy Conversions presents a comprehensive review of biomass resources available for conversion into heat, power, and biofuels. The textbook covers biomass characterization and discusses facilities, equipment, and standards (e.g. ASTM or NREL) used for analysis. It examines the range of biomass resources available for conversion and presents traditional biomass conversion processes along with extensive biomass characterization data tables, illustrations, and graphical presentations of the various biomass energy conversion processes. The author also describes how to set up a laboratory for biomass energy conversion, and presents economics and sustainability issues. Loaded with real-world examples, the text includes numerous worked examples and problems in each chapter. No one knows what the price of oil will be next year or in future decades. It is governed by many factors other than supply and demand (politics, wars, etc.), however, whatever the future of energy is, bio-fuels will play an important role. This technical guide prepares students for managing bio-refineries, no matter what type of bio-fuel is produced. It also provides practicing engineers with a resource for starting a small bio-fuel business.

Download or read book Managing Sweet Sorghum for Optimum Ethanol Yield in Missouri written by Michael Joseph William Maw and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sweet sorghum has the potential in Missouri for production as a biofuel feedstock, but little is known of the crop's yields and appropriate nitrogen management for optimizing ethanol yields. This thesis is a collection of three field studies examining the potential for sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) to be adopted as a biofuel feedstock for ethanol production in the Midwestern U.S. Limited research exists examining the optimum nitrogen fertilizer rate for maximum ethanol yields as well as sweet sorghum's adaptability to the lower Midwestern states. The first study included testing the effects of five N fertilizer rates (0, 56, 112, 168, 224 kg-N ha-1) on the production of two sweet sorghum cultivars (Dale and Top 76-6) over three years in central Missouri. Yields measured included dry matter, stem juice, Brix, fermentable sugar, theoretical juice ethanol, theoretical lignocellulosic ethanol, and total theoretical ethanol. N fertilizer treatment mostly increased yields, as total dry matter yield averaged 16.8 Mg ha-1, fermentable sugar yield averaged 1055 kg ha-1, and total ethanol yield averaged 5828 L ha-1 . The optimal range for N fertilizer rates was between 112 and 168 kg N ha-1. The second study included determining the above-ground plant N concentration, plant N content, N recovery efficiency, and physiological N-use efficiency of sorghum from the first study. Nitrogen treatment significantly affected plant N concentration and N content. Greater yields resulted in greater N recovery efficiency but did not always result in greater N-use efficiency. The optimum range for highest nitrogen recovery and use efficiencies was identified as 0-112 kg N ha-1 . The purpose of the third study was to better understand sweet sorghum's affect on soil organic carbon. This involved comparing the effects of an alternative sweet sorghum--soybean (Glycine max L.) rotation to a maize (Zea mays L.)--soybean rotation at three study sites in Missouri and Arkansas on yields, soil organic carbon, the labile soil carbon fraction and the physically-stabilized fraction. Sweet sorghum ethanol yields were greater than maize yields across sites, but the soil carbon similarly decreased regardless of crop and location. Sweet sorghum is a high-yielding biomass feedstock that shows promise for production in Missouri, especially in marginal lands. With proper nitrogen fertilizer management sweet sorghum is shown to be an efficient plant for ethanol yield, but it may negatively affect soil organic carbon following land-use changes for biofuel production.

Download or read book Breeding Sorghum for Diverse End Uses written by Aruna C and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breeding Sorghum for Diverse End Uses is a comprehensive overview of all significant global efforts for the genetic improvement of sorghum, a major crop of many semi-arid nations that is suitable for a huge range of uses, from human food, to biofuels. Split into two main sections, the book initially reviews the genetic suitability of sorghum for breeding, also providing the history of the genetic improvement of the grain. Finally, other sections look at specific breeding programs that could be improved in a number of areas, including human food, animal feed and industrial usage. Readers in academics, research, plant genetics and sorghum development will find this resource of great value. In addition, it is essential reading for engineers who utilize sorghum for food, feed and industrial materials in industry. Provides information on key advances in the genetic makeup of sorghum Allows plant breeders to apply this research to effectively breed new strains of sorghum that are dependent on final usage goals Includes the latest findings in each section to orient researchers to plans for future genetic enhancement

Download or read book Bioethanol Production from Food Crops written by Ramesh C. Ray and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioethanol Production from Food Crops: Sustainable Sources, Interventions and Challenges comprehensively covers the global scenario of ethanol production from both food and non-food crops and other sources. The book guides readers through the balancing of the debate on food vs. fuel, giving important insights into resource management and the environmental and economic impact of this balance between demands. Sections cover Global Bioethanol from Food Crops and Forest Resource, Bioethanol from Bagasse and Lignocellulosic wastes, Bioethanol from algae, and Economics and Challenges, presenting a multidisciplinary approach to this complex topic. As biofuels continue to grow as a vital alternative energy source, it is imperative that the proper balance is reached between resource protection and human survival. This book provides important insights into achieving that balance. Presents technological interventions in ethanol production, from plant biomass, to food crops Addresses food security issues arising from bioethanol production Identifies development bottlenecks and areas where collaborative efforts can help develop more cost-effective technology

Download or read book Sorghum in the 21st Century Food Fodder Feed Fuel for a Rapidly Changing World written by Vilas A. Tonapi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum is the most important cereal crop grown in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of Africa, Asia, Australia and Americas for food, feed, fodder and fuel. It is the fifth most important cereal crop globally after rice, wheat, maize and barley, and plays a major role in global food security. Sorghum is consumed in different forms for various end-uses. Its grain is mostly used directly for food purposes. After the release of the proceedings of two international symposia in the form of books “Sorghum in Seventies” and “Sorghum in Eighties”, global sorghum research and development have not been documented at one place. Of course, few books on sorghum have been released that focus on specific issues/research areas, but comprehensive review of all aspects of recent development in different areas of sorghum science has not been compiled in the form a single book. This book is intended to fill in a void to bridge the gap by documenting all aspects of recent research and development in sorghum encompassing all the progress made, milestones achieved across globe in genetic diversity assessment, crop improvement and production, strategies for high yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, grain and stover quality aspects, storage, nutrition, health and industrial applications, biotechnological applications to increase production, including regional and global policy perspectives and developmental needs. This book will be an institutional effort to compile all the latest information generated in research and development in sorghum across the globe at one place.

Download or read book Bioethanol written by Ayerim Y. Hernández Almanza and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new book, Bioethanol: Biochemistry and Biotechnological Advances, presents some insightful perspectives and important advances in the bioethanol industry. The volume goes into detail on the biochemical and physiological parameters carried out by the main bioethanol-producing microorganisms as well as the discusses the potential applications that bioproducts can have and the advantages they generate. The chapter authors discuss a variety of issues, including the physiology of ethanol production by yeasts, by Zymomonas mobilis, and by Clostridium thermocellum. Other sources of biofuel, such as sweet sorghum, Agave americana L. leaves waste, and fungi are included as well. Chapters also discuss the genetic regulation and genetic engineering of principal microorganisms and then go on to address ways to increase ethanol tolerance in industrially important ethanol fermenting organisms, methods for developing sustainable fermentable substrates, and new strategies for ethanol purification. Chapters explore the design and engineering requirements for bioreactors, bioelectrosynthesis of ethanol via bioelectrochemical systems, and more. The book will be a valuable resource for faculty and students in this area as well as for scientists, researchers, and managers in the biofuel industry in the area of biofuel production, fermentation process, environmental engineering and all other related scientific areas.

Download or read book Sorghum Biochemistry written by CV Ratnavathi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-09-08 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sorghum Biochemistry: An Industrial Perspective explores the many uses for sorghum in industry and biofuels. Not only does it offer a detailed understanding of the physical and biochemical qualities of the grain, it also takes an in-depth look at the role sorghum plays in such industries as brewing and ethanol production and the mechanics of post-harvest processing and value addition. Sorghum has long been an important staple in Africa and Asia, but its value goes far beyond its uses in human and animal consumption. Sorghum is also used in many industries, including waxes, packing material, wall board, ethanol, beverages, and brewing, and one variety called sweet sorghum has also been used as a bioenergy crop. Sorghum Biochemistry: An Industrial Perspective offers a closer look at how the grain is used in such a variety of ways, and how we can continue to optimize its potential. Provides detailed biochemical studies on grain sorghum to inform researchers grappling with similar issues Offers foundational information on the quality and composition of sorghum as a grain Covers a variety of uses for sorghum in many industries, including food and beverage, energy, and brewing Includes photos and illustrations to enhance the understanding of processes and sorghum biochemistry