Download or read book Evaluation of Strata Reflective Crack Relief System written by Debra L. Bischoff and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Evaluation of Interlayer Stress Absorbing Composite ISAC Reflective Crack Relief System written by Joseph W. Vespa and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prevention of Reflective Cracking in Pavements written by A. Vanelstraete and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crack reflection through a road structure is one of the main causes of premature pavement deterioration. This is a widespread problem in many countries and highway maintenance authorities are having to find economic means of repairing and upgrading their pavements. This book is the eagerly awaited state-of-the-art report which considers all different aspects of the subject including assessment and use of overlay systems.

Download or read book Evaluation of Reflective Crack Control Policy written by William G. Buttlar and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Illinois Department of Transportation (IDOT) spends two million dollars annually on reflective crack control treatments; however, their cost-effectiveness has never before been reliably determined. The study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of IDOT reflective crack control system "A", which consists of a non-woven, polypropylene paving fabric, placed either in strips longitudinally over lane-widening joints or over the entire pavement ("area" treatment). Performance of 52 projects across Illinois was assessed through crack mapping and from distress and serviceability data in IDOT's Condition Rating Survey (CRS) database. Comparisons of measured reflective cracking in treated and control sections revealed that system "A" retards longitudinal reflective widening crack development, but does not significantly retard transverse reflective cracking. However, both strip and area applications of these fabric treatments appeared to improve overall pavement serviceability, and were estimated to increase rehabilitation life spans by 1.1 and 3.6 years, respectively. Life-cycle cost analyses (LCCA) found strip and area reflective crack control treatments to be marginally cost effective, where a 4.5% reduction in life-cycle costs was estimated, for medium-sized projects [between 1 and 6 mi (1.6 and 9.7 km) of two-lane road]. Small projects [under 1 mi (1.6 km) of two-lane road] showed a breakeven level of cost-effectiveness, while large projects [over 6 mi (9.7 km) of two-lane road] showed a 6.2% savings in life-cycle costs. Permeability testing of field cores taken over transverse joints showed that waterproofing benefits can exist after reflective crack appearance, which explains why serviceability was improved with area treatment even though crack development was not retarded. Guidelines for establishing and monitoring future experimental sections were also developed.

Download or read book Reflective Cracking in Pavements written by L. Francken and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of RILEM TC-PRC third conference on this subject. Papers from road authorities, engineers, researchers, contractors and manufacturers discussing the implementation and the long term behaviour of overlay systems. The following topics are covered: prevention and cracking assessment, choice and design of overlay systems, practical implemen

Download or read book Installation and Initial Evaluation of Paving Fabric Interlayers for Mitigating Reflective Cracking in Pavements written by Harikrishnan Nair and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Propagation of cracks from existing pavements into a new asphalt concrete overlay (reflective cracking) is a major problem for both rigid and flexible pavements. Reflective cracking in pavements compromises ride quality and reduces the service life of the pavement. Reflective cracking of the asphalt layer over jointed concrete pavement is a perennial problem in Virginia and elsewhere. State transportation agencies continue to try various available treatment methods to delay or prevent reflective cracking with corrective or restorative maintenance. Some of those treatments include using paving fabric as an interlayer. Virginia has anecdotal experience with paving fabric interlayers, but little well-documented history with which to assess performance. The objective of this study was to establish a performance baseline for fabric interlayers in conjunction with asphalt concrete overlays on existing flexible, rigid, and composite pavements by documenting the installation and initial field performance of several projects in Virginia. Two types of interlayer fabric were used. One of the interlayers needed an asphalt leveling course for placement based on the manufacturer's specifications. As expected, all of the sections with interlayers are performing well. However, most of the sections were placed in 2017 and 2018, and hence the performance data are preliminary. These sections need to be monitored continuously to track pavement distress and performance over time. The cost of using interlayers in pavement ranged from 6 .0 dollars to 8 .0 dollars per square yard, depending on the type of fabric and installation method. Long-term performance data are needed to assess the benefit-cost effectiveness of using paving fabric interlayers in pavements.

Download or read book Eleventh International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads Railways and Airfields written by Inge Hoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovations in Road, Railway and Airfield Bearing Capacity – Volume 2 comprises the second part of contributions to the 11th International Conference on Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields (2022). In anticipation of the event, it unveils state-of-the-art information and research on the latest policies, traffic loading measurements, in-situ measurements and condition surveys, functional testing, deflection measurement evaluation, structural performance prediction for pavements and tracks, new construction and rehabilitation design systems, frost affected areas, drainage and environmental effects, reinforcement, traditional and recycled materials, full scale testing and on case histories of road, railways and airfields. This edited work is intended for a global audience of road, railway and airfield engineers, researchers and consultants, as well as building and maintenance companies looking to further upgrade their practices in the field.

Download or read book Evaluation of Reflective Cracking in Pavement Overlay Design Test Sections I 95 written by Philip B. Day and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of DRM System for Reflective Crack Prevention written by Dylan T. Gordy and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of PETROTAC to Prevent Reflective Cracking written by Mike J. Marquart and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Evaluation of the Use of a Surface sealing System of Hot Asphalt rubber to Retard Reflective Cracking written by Joe B. Chappell and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reflective Cracking of Flexible Pavements written by Elie Y. Hajj and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes all the findings and recommendations from the Phase I and Phase II of the Nevada Department of Transportation (NDOT) study initiated in 2006 to mitigate reflective cracking in hot mix asphalt (HMA) overlays. Based on the analysis of the various findings it was recommended to further evaluate the stress relief course (SRC) as a reflective cracking mitigation technique under Nevada's conditions. It should be noted that the SRC used by NDOT was not specifically designed or checked for its reflective cracking resistance and only consisted of a 1-inch of the typical Type II (1" max size) dense graded HMA mix placed between the existing HMA and the overlay. This NDOT study revealed promising performance for the SRC when specifically designed to resist reflective cracking. Additionally, for a good overall performance, the SRC needs to be coupled with an overlay mix with a good resistance to reflective cracking. Current state highway agencies' specifications for SRCs were reviewed and are summarized in this report. The review revealed specifications for SRCs in six different states. Four of those states: Arizona, California, Florida, and Massachusetts, specify an asphalt-rubber stress absorbing membrane interlayer (SAMI) which consists of an application of asphalt rubber binder followed by an application of aggregate. Texas DOT specifies a Crack Attenuating Mixture (CAM) which consists of an HMA mix designed according to the Superpave design procedure to a target air void of 2% at 50 gyrations along with criteria for the Hamburg Wheel and the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) Overlay tests. The Utah DOT specifies a reflective cracking relief bituminous mixture which meets the general requirements specified for an HMA mixture except the mix is designed to a target air void of 0.5-2.5% at 50 design gyrations along with criteria for voids in mineral aggregate (VMA), Hveem stability, and flexural beam fatigue testing at optimum binder content.

Download or read book Modeling Reflective Cracking Development in Hot mix Asphalt Overlays and Quantification of Control Techniques written by Jongeun Baek and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot-mix asphalt (HMA) overlay is regarded as an efficient method to rehabilitate moderately deteriorated pavements. Despite the application of an adequately designed overlay, when HMA overlays are built on jointed concrete pavement (JCP) or a cracked surface, reflective cracking can develop shortly after the overlay application due to traffic loads and environmental changes. Several remedial techniques, including interlayer systems, have been incorporated into HMA overlays to control reflective cracking. This study examined the behavior of traffic-induced reflective cracking using a finite element (FE) model for an HMA overlay with and without interlayer systems, and evaluated the performance of interlayer systems in controlling reflective cracking. To achieve these objectives, a three-dimensional FE model was built for a typical HMA overlay constructed over JCP. A linear viscoelastic model and a bilinear cohesive zone model (CZM) were incorporated into the FE model to characterize continuum and fracture behavior of the HMA. Using the bilinear CZM, reflective cracking initiation and propagation were simulated. Transient moving vehicular loading was applied across a joint to develop reflective cracking. In order to force reflective cracking development by one pass of load application, various levels of overload were applied. Two distinct interlayer systems, sand mix and steel netting with slurry seal, were examined for their effectiveness in controlling reflective cracking. The sand mix was modeled with the LVE model and bilinear CZM. The steel netting interlayer system was modeled with beam elements for steel wires and membrane elements for slurry seal. To quantify the status of reflective cracking development, a representative fractured area (RFAOL), that is an equivalent stiffness degradation in the entire HMA overlay, was used. A limit state load approach was used to determine the resistance of the HMA overlay to reflective cracking in terms of normalized axle load of an overload equivalent to a 80-kN single-axle load. The service life of the HMA overlay regarding reflective cracking was specified by the number of load repetitions based on the Paris law. A reflective cracking control factor was defined as the ratio of the service life to the HMA overlay without an interlayer system; the factor was used to evaluate the performance effectiveness of these interlayer systems in controlling reflective cracking. It was found that the bearing capacity of existing JCP played an important role in developing reflective cracking. Reflective cracking potential increased inversely with the modulus of base and subgrade layers. Interface bonding conditions, especially bonding strength, affected the development of reflective cracking. Lower interface bonding strength resulted in greater potential for developing reflective cracking. The study concluded that the sand mix interlayer system extended the service life of the HMA overlay regarding reflective cracking due to its relatively high fracture energy. A macro-crack level of reflective cracking was initiated in the wearing course in the HMA, so-called crack jumping. The softer the sand mix, the tougher it may be, but it may cause shear rutting in HMA overlay. Hence, sand mix fracture energy and thickness thresholds should be identified. The steel netting interlayer system performed better than the sand mix; the performance of the latter is thickness and fracture energy dependent. When the steel netting interlayer system was installed properly, the reflective cracking service life of the HMA overlay was found to be six times longer than that of the HMA. The performance was still better than sand mix when localized deboning induced. However, severe debonding of steel netting can be detrimental to its performance.

Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Five Materials for Retarding Reflective Cracking in Overlays I 95 Southbound Guilford written by Donald A. Larsen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Rational Approach to the Prediction of Reflective Cracking in Bituminous Overlays for Concrete Pavements written by Thomas Bennert and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hot mix asphalt (HMA) is used as the primary overlying material of concrete pavements during rehabilitation because of its inexpensive nature when compared to most Portland cement concrete (PCC) rehabilitation/reconstruction alternatives. However, due to the majority of the PCC pavements being in average to poor condition, many HMA overlays are exposed to extreme movements (both vertical and horizontal). The combination of associated load and environmentally induced movements creates complex stresses and strains in the vicinity of expansion joints and cracks in the PCC, thus dramatically reducing the life of the HMA overlay, typically in the form of reflective cracking. Reflective cracking is a fatigue cracking distress, which is initiated at the bottom of the HMA overlay and propagates to the surface. When the crack reaches the HMA overlay surface, not only does it affect the ride quality and overall integrity of the pavement surface, but it also creates a path for which water can migrate down into and below the PCC layer. This can ultimately reduce the overall structural support of the composite (HMA and PCC) pavement and result in a complete pavement failure. Medium to high severity reflective cracking results in poor surface conditions that could lead to poor driving conditions and higher accident rates. Therefore, this research is timely in that it not only addresses the structural integrity of the pavement system, but also the safety of the driving public, which is one of the main objectives of the administration at state agencies. To better understand the mechanisms associated with the development of reflective cracking, an extensive literature review was conducted. Analysis of the literature review indicated significant gaps in the current state of the practice in using bituminous overlays on PCC pavements. To fill in these gaps, a survey was developed, distributed to the state transportation agencies of all fifty states, and compiled to better define the scope of the research. The survey clearly identified that a major gap in the current state of the practice is linking the field conditions (climate, deflections, traffic levels) to appropriate laboratory testing protocols. Therefore, field test sections were selected with appropriate field forensic testing and traffic collection. During construction of the bituminous overlays, loose mix was collected and brought back to the laboratory for material characterization testing that would simulate the loading conditions associated with the respective test section. The research conducted during the development of this thesis has led to a rational approach in the prediction of reflective cracking potential in HMA overlays placed on PCC pavements. This methodology utilizes field forensic information that would normally be collected during the evaluation of the PCC/composite pavement prior to rehabilitation and laboratory fatigue and stiffness characterization of the HMA mixture(s), to predict the potential for reflective cracking in the bituminous overlay mixture(s). The extensive laboratory testing and field calibration/verification information utilized in the research has also led to "decision tree" methodology that would allow state agencies to properly select asphalt mixtures for overlaying PCC pavements.

Download or read book Evaluation of Reflection Crack Control Policy written by William G. Buttlar and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance Report on Jointed Concrete Pavement Repair Strategies in Texas written by Tom Scullion and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Project 0-4517 was established to summarize the results from the Lufkin experiment on US 59 and to develop statewide guidelines on how to select rehabilitation strategies for jointed concrete pavements (JCP). This year 1 report reviews the performance of the six experimental sections on US 59 and makes recommendations for statewide implementation. The best performing section in Lufkin was the flexible base overlay, which involved placing high-quality crushed limestone directly over the JCP followed by an underseal and thin asphalt overlay. This was also one of the least expensive treatments used in the experiment. The large stone mix also gave good performance, but the crack and seat and full-depth repair techniques did not perform well. A forensic investigation was conducted to attempt to explain the variation in treatment performance. To complement the Lufkin results, a review is also presented of the performance of other JCP rehabilitation techniques recently evaluated by TxDOT districts. An evaluation of crack retarding asphalt layers (Strata(R)), grid layers (GlasGrid(R)) and slab fracturing techniques is also included in the report.