Download or read book Evaluation of Pig Body Weight Variation Amino Acid Levels and Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles on Pig Performance written by Andres Fernando Tolosa Russi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 3 chapters of this thesis involve 1) a meta-analysis of pig body weight (BW) variation from birth to market, 2) a study evaluating reducing digestible lysine (Lys) and tryptophan to lysine ratio (Trp:Lys) in the diet for pigs as a nutritional strategy to slow down pig growth due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and 3) a study evaluating growth performance of pigs fed a diet with or without distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) with increased digestible threonine (Thr). Chapter 1 describes a meta-analysis of the literature to develop prediction equations for coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation (SD) as a function of pig BW from birth to market. The results indicate that there is a quadratic decreasing relationship between the CV of the population and pig BW, where the slope of decrease becomes smaller as mean pig BW increases from birth to market. A quadratic increase for the relationship is also observed for SD, in which the slop becomes smaller as pig mean BW increases from birth to market. Chapter 2 describes an experiment that aimed to slow-down pig growth during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to processing plant shutdowns, by decreasing standardized ileal digestible (SID) Lys and SID Trp:Lys ratio in the diet. The results of this study indicate that reducing SID Lys from 100 to 80% of the pigs' requirement and formulating diets with 16% SID Trp:Lys during the grow-finish period decreased growth performance and feed efficiency, and consequently, final BW was reduced by 8.6 and 11.7 kg after 119 days of consuming the reduced SID Lys or SID Trp:Lys diet, respectively. Chapter 3 utilized 2,160 pigs to determine if increasing SID Thr:Lys in the diet is needed to optimize the growth performance of grow-finish pigs when DDGS is also included in the diet. The results indicate that pigs fed a diet with DDGS had reduced growth performance regardless of the level of digestible Thr in the diet. This study used DDGS, which is a source of insoluble fiber, therefore, different results may occur if a soluble fiber source is provided.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Branched Chain Amino Acids and Corn distillers Dried Grains By products on the Growth Performance Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Pigs written by Alvaro Rojo Gomez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of corn byproducts high-protein died distillers grain (HP-DDG), and dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS), and branched chain amino acids (BCAA) on the growth performance and meat quality of pigs. The first study evaluated the combined effect of dietary level of DDGS and HP-DDG on the growth performance of wean-finish pigs and carcass and pork quality characteristics. This study demonstrated that DDGS can be included at up to 30% in diets (without HP-DDG) without compromising growth performance of wean-to-finish pigs. However, growth performance was increasingly compromised at higher inclusion levels of both co-products and belly firmness was negatively affected by increasing levels of both DDGS and HP-DDG. A second experiment was designed to define the minimum CP level and whether non-essential amino acids become limiting in low crude protein diets for late finishing pigs. The results of this study demonstrated that late finishing pigs can be fed diets with 9.76% crude protein level supplemented with 0.32 % L-Lys HCL and other essential amino acids without affecting growth rate and that non-essential amino acids were not limiting in the low crude protein diets evaluated. A third study was designed to recreate the negative effects on growth performance of feeding diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion level and to test if the negative effect of feeding high HP-DDG levels on growth performance can be reproduced by adding excess branched chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) to standard corn-soybean meal based diet. The results show that the reduction in the growth rates of growing pigs fed diets with 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels may be due to the dietary excesses of leucine present in diets with HP-DDG at 30% inclusion levels. The same effect was not present in finishing pigs. In general, growth performance and belly quality are compromised at higher inclusion levels of both HP-DDG and DDGS. The results of the last studies indicate that leucine level may play an important role on the reduction of the growth performance of pigs fed 30% HP-DDG inclusion levels.
Download or read book Development of a Novel Value added Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles written by Nathaniel David Fastinger and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Ethanol production from corn in the U.S. is increasing at an annual rate of 30% resulting in large increases in the availability of the resulting byproduct, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). The first objective of this research was to evaluate the differences in amino acid and energy digestibility among various sources of DDGS available on the market that varied in the degree of lightness or darkness. These results suggest that darker DDGS have lower (P
Download or read book The Effects of Crude Glycerol Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles Ractopamine HCl NutriDense Corn and Feeder Adjustment on Growing and Finishing Pig Performance written by Alan William Duttlinger and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 6,858 pigs were used in 6 experiments to evaluate the effects of crude glycerol, dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), Ractopamine HCl (RAC), NutriDense corn, and feeder adjustment on growing and finishing pig performance. In Exp. 1, pigs were fed diets with 0, 2.5, or 5% crude glycerol with 0 or 20% DDGS. Adding DDGS increased ADFI and decreased G:F with no differences for pigs fed glycerol. Neither glycerol nor DDGS affected any carcass characteristics. Pigs fed DDGS had increased iodine value in carcass fat. In Exp. 2, pigs were fed diets with 0 or 5% glycerol with 0 or 7.5 ppm RAC. Feeding RAC increased ADG and G:F and decreased ADFI while glycerol tended to improve G:F. Ractopamine HCl improved carcass traits. Loin chop drip loss worsened when glycerol and RAC were added separately, however, drip loss decreased when the combination of both were fed. Glycerol did not affect loin characteristics. Neither RAC nor glycerol influenced iodine value of carcass fat. Exp. 3 and 4 were conducted to determine the 4th limiting amino acid in diets containing NutriDense corn. In Exp. 3, pigs fed the positive control and the diet with added Ile, Trp, and Val (in combination) had greater ADG. Pigs fed added Ile or Trp had greater ADG than pigs fed the negative control indicates these amino acids were co-4th limiting for 37 to 59 kg pigs. In Exp. 4, pigs fed the positive control, added Trp, or the combination of added Ile, Trp and Val had greater ADG then pigs fed the negative control or pigs fed either Ile or Val indicates these amino acids were co-4th limiting for 77 to 100 kg pigs. Exp. 5 and 6 evaluated feeder adjustment on growth performance of finishing pigs. In Exp. 5, reducing feeder opening decreased ADFI. In Exp. 6, pigs were fed at three feeder opening and either a corn-soybean meal or byproduct-based diet. Diet type did not affect pig performance. Widening feeder openings increased ADG and ADFI. Feeder setting tended to influence G:F with the best G:F at the intermediate opening.
Download or read book The Influence of Feeding Diets Containing Corn Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles DDGS to Grower finisher Pigs on Growth Performance Carcass and Pork Quality written by Guowu Xu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of standardized ileal amino acid digestibility in different wheat genotypes and wheat concentrated distillers solubles in growing pigs written by Pia Rosenfelder and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2015-03-11 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat is the primarily cereal grain produced within the European Union. Due to its high starch content it is the dominating energy feed ingredient in diets for pigs. However, due to its high dietary inclusion level wheat can also supply considerable high amounts of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) to the animal. Wheat co-products of bioethanol production are a valuable source of CP and AA in animal nutrition. Therefore, the objectives of the present thesis were to study the nutritive value of eight recently introduced wheat genotypes and of one liquid wheat co-product of bioethanol production for growing pigs. For this purpose a comprehensive analysis of nutrients in the assay feedstuffs was conducted and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA in growing pigs was determined. There were significant differences in SID of CP and AA between the eight genotypes of wheat. However, digestibility values were lower when compared to literature data, leading to the assumption that data in actual feed tables might result in an overestimation of the protein value of wheat. The liquid wheat co-product is a valuable source of CP, AA and energy in diets for pigs. It is superior to dried bioethanol co-products as it is not exposed to excessive heat treatment during manufacturing resulting in greater digestibility values. In der Europäischen Union ist Weizen die am weitesten verbreitete Getreideart. Aufgrund seines hohen Stärkegehalts wird Weizen in Mastschweinerationen als Energiefuttermittel eingesetzt. Bei hohen Anteilen in der Gesamtration kann Weizen jedoch auch einen erheblichen Beitrag zur Deckung des Rohprotein- (XP) und Aminosäuren (AS)- Bedarfs des Tieres leisten. Nebenprodukte aus der Weizenverarbeitung bei der Bioethanolproduktion sind eine wertvolle Eiweißkomponente in der Tierernährung, dazu zählen Trocken- und Flüssigschlempen. Ziele dieser Arbeit waren die Bestimmung des Futterwerts von 8 aktuell verfügbaren Weizengenotypen sowie eines flüssigen Weizenschlempefutters für Mastschweine. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine umfangreiche Nährstoffanalyse der Versuchsfuttermittel durchgeführt, sowie die standardisierte praecaecale Verdaulichkeit (pcVQ) von XP und AS bei Mastschweinen untersucht. Es gab signifikante Unterschiede der pcVQ von XP und AS zwischen den 8 Weizengenotypen. Allerdings waren die Verdaulichkeitswerte geringer als in der Literatur angeben, so dass Daten aus aktuellen Futterwerttabellen möglicherweise den Proteinwert von Weizen überschätzen. Das flüssige Weizenschlempefutter stellt eine wertvolle XP-, AS- und Energiequelle für Schweine dar. Es ist Trockenschlempen im Nährwert überlegen, da es keiner intensiven Hitzeeinwirkung ausgesetzt ist und somit höhere Verdaulichkeitswerte aufweist.
Download or read book Evaluation of amino acid digestibility values of protein feedstuffs and dietary protein content in combination with probiotic supplementation in growing pigs written by Chanwit Kaewtapee and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade, the concept of standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) has been used in diet formulation for pigs. However, there is limited data on the nutritional composition and SID of CP and AA in home-grown European soybean and rapeseed products. For full-fat soybeans (FFSB), the presence of heat-labile trypsin inhibitors may cause problems in protein digestion of pigs. Therefore, the optimization of heat treatment for FFSB is a need to reduce trypsin inhibitor activity for improving SID of CP and AA. However, excessive heat treatment may have a negative effect on protein digestion. Furthermore, reducing dietary protein levels in combination with the supplementation of Bacillus spp. may reduce feed costs and improve pigs’ gut health. As a result of the present study, home-grown European soybean and rapeseed products can be considered as a suitable alternative to imported soybean products for pigs raised in organic and conventional farming systems. Wet heating at 100°C for 16 min, together with autoclaving at 110°C from 15 to 45 min reflects optimal heat treatment for FFSB resulting in greater SID of CP and AA with lower destruction of AA. Reducing the dietary CP level is an alternative strategy to improve SID of some AA, thereby decreasing feed cost and nitrogen excretion. The supplementation of Bacillus spp. promoted gene copy numbers of Roseburia spp., which may be beneficial due to ascribed health promoting properties of this butyrate producer.
Download or read book Statistical Evaluation of Certain Nutrients in Swine Rations written by Clayton Norman Haugse and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating Impacts of Tryptophan and Branched Chain Amino Acids in Swine Diets Containing Corn Based Dried Distillers Grains on the Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Grow finish Pigs written by David Alan Clizer and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutritional and Physiological Functions of Amino Acids in Pigs written by Francois Blachier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-08 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides developmental data regarding piglets (with a focus on the gastrointestinal tract), data related to amino acid metabolism in pigs, data related to nutritional and physiological functions of amino acids in pigs, nutritional requirements for amino acids in pigs, signaling roles of amino acids, methodological aspects in amino acid research and the pig model for studying amino acid-related human diseases.
Download or read book Nutritional Strategies to Improve Gastro intestinal Health in Swine written by Mark Howard Whitney and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Floor Space and Removal of Corn Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles on Heavy Weight Pig Performance written by Anne Bonner Lerner and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is comprised of 5 chapters consisting of a study evaluating space allowance and marketing strategies for pigs raised to 160 kg, three experiments evaluating the impact of removing corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from finishing pig diets, four studies evaluating the use of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) as a mitigation strategy for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), and development of a swine-specific undergraduate research program. In Chapter 1, four treatments were evaluated with decreasing space allowance from 1.17 to 0.71 m2/pig with only one final marketing event, plus two treatments with restricted space allowance and four or three marketing events. Increasing space allowance via increased initial pen inventory increased average daily gain (ADG), decreased average daily feed intake (ADFI), and reduced feed efficiency (G:F). Marketing pigs 3 or 4 times improved G:F compared with to the similar treatment with only one marketing event but resulted in similar weight marketed per pen. In chapter 2, pigs were switched from diets containing corn DDGS to corn- and soybean-meal based diets (CSBM) starting at 76 d prior to market. As time consuming CSBM increased, ADG and final BW increased and G:F improved. Average daily feed intake decreased with increasing time after dietary switch to CSBM. Hot carcass weight increased and iodine value decreased with increasing time after DDGS removal from diets. Chapter 3 also evaluated the removal of corn DDGS from finishing pig diets but utilized two seasonal marketing strategies. Regardless of marketing strategy, switching pigs from DDGS to CSBM resulted in increased carcass yield and decreased iodine value, yet live growth performance was marginally impacted. In chapter 4, four experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of applying MCFA to swine feed on detection and infectivity of PEDV. Applying chemical mitigants both prior to and post-PEDV inoculation was effective at reducing PEDV detection via quantitative real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). When tested individually and in combination and applied before viral inoculation, caproic and caprylic acid appeared to provide the greatest reduction of detectable genetic material. The addition of a 1:1:1 blend of C6:C8:C10 at 0.5% and 0.3% C8 prevented infection in in vivo bioassay. Lastly, chapter 5 presents a model to develop a species-specific undergraduate research program in the context of a swine nutrition program that is currently in use at Kansas State University. This program utilizes both graduate students and faculty to provide mentorship and has several project types that vary in level of student involvement. The program is designed to provide a comprehensive research experience, with an emphasis on including the student in pre- and post-trial activities beyond data collection. A majority of students that complete the undergraduate research program enter graduate or veterinary degree programs upon completion of their undergraduate work and cite undergraduate research as a critical step in their career selection process and professional development.
Download or read book Feed efficiency in swine written by John F. Patience and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Feed efficiency in swine' has been prepared as a comprehensive treatise on the current state of our understanding of this topic which is so important to the pork industry. Each chapter is written by international authorities who understand both the science and application of their topic area. The book provides detailed insight into the many factors affecting feed efficiency, ranging from diet processing to herd health, from nutrition to physiology and from day-to-day barn management to the adoption of advanced technologies. The authors explain such practical aspects as the challenge of interpreting feed efficiency information obtained on farm or the role of liquid feeding. The authors also delve into more scientific topics such as amino acid or energy metabolism or animal physiology. This book is written for people who have a technical interest in pork production, including nutritionists, geneticists, farm management specialists, veterinarians, other academics and, of course, pork producers.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Swine written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1944, the National Research Council has published 10 editions of the Nutrient Requirements of Swine. This reference has guided nutritionists and other professionals in academia and the swine and feed industries in developing and implementing nutritional and feeding programs for swine. The swine industry has undergone considerable changes since the tenth edition was published in 1998 and some of the requirements and recommendations set forth at that time are no longer relevant or appropriate. The eleventh revised edition of the Nutrient Requirements of Swine builds on the previous editions published by the National Research Council. A great deal of new research has been published during the last 15 years and there is a large amount of new information for many nutrients. In addition to a thorough and current evaluation of the literature on the energy and nutrient requirements of swine in all stages of life, this volume includes information about feed ingredients from the biofuels industry and other new ingredients, requirements for digestible phosphorus and concentrations of it in feed ingredients, a review of the effects of feed additives and feed processing, and strategies to increase nutrient retention and thus reduce fecal and urinary excretions that could contribute to environmental pollution. The tables of feed ingredient composition are significantly updated. Nutrient Requirements of Swine represents a comprehensive review of the most recent information available on swine nutrition and ingredient composition that will allow efficient, profitable, and environmentally conscious swine production.
Download or read book Impact on Performance and Carcass Characteristics when Replacing Soybean Meal with Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles and Crystalline Amino Acids in Diets of Growing and Finishing Pigs written by Brooke Elizabeth Anderson and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Standardized Ileal Digestible Tryptophan lysine Ratio in Nursery and Finishing Pigs written by Sureemas Nitikanchana and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A total of 8 experiments and a meta-analysis were performed with the overarching goal to improve amino acid and energy utilization in swine diets. The first experiment used a total of 255 nursery pigs to evaluate the optimum dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) tryptophan to lysine (Trp:Lys) ratio. Four experiments also were conducted using 6,668 finishing pigs to determine the effects of SID Trp:Lys ratio in diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance and carcass characteristics. A subsequent experiment evaluated the interaction between Trp and large neutral amino acids (Trp:LNAA) on growth performance of early and late-finishing pigs. Lastly, data from 41 trials and 2 validation trials were used to develop a regression equations to predict ADG or gain to feed (G:F) as influenced by BW and net energy (NE) content in growing-finishing pigs. In Exp. 1, the growth performance and economics indicated the optimum SID Trp concentration for 6-to 10-kg nursery pigs at 20.3% of Lys. In Exp. 2, 3, and 4, there were no differences in growth performance due to SID Trp:Lys ratio; however, increasing the SID Trp:Lys ratio suggested an opportunity to improve carcass yield and lean in pigs fed high levels of DDGS. Experiment 5 indicated an optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio of 20% for 71- to 127-kg pigs fed high level of DDGS. In Exp. 6, growth performance was unaffected by dietary treatment suggesting that 16.5% SID Trp:Lys was adequate to prevent a negative impact on growth when SID Trp:LNAA was as low as 3.0% in finishing period. Overall, the experiments suggested a higher optimum SID Trp:Lys ratio than is currently standard practice. The regression analysis from the meta-analysis showed that increasing dietary NE improved ADG and G:F. However, the magnitude of improvement will be minimized if the SID Lys concentration is limiting. The validation experiments indicated that the prediction equations provided a good estimation of growth rate and feed efficiency of growing-finishing pigs fed different levels of dietary NE except for pigs fed the diet with DDGS. These predictions of growth performance can then be used to model economic value of different dietary energy strategies.
Download or read book The Effects of Low Medium and High oil Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles DDGS on Growth Performance Nutrient Digestibility and Fat Quality in Finishing Pigs written by Amanda Brooke Graham and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three experiments used 1,756 pigs to evaluate the effects of corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) varying in oil content on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and fat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A fourth experiment used 12 pigs and determined the energy concentration and nutrient digestibility of the DDGS sources used in the previous 3 growth studies. Lastly, a fifth experiment used 576 pigs to determine the effects of DDGS and wheat middlings (midds) withdrawal 24 d before harvest in diets without or with ractopamine HCl (RAC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, fat quality, and organ/intestine weights. Experiment 1 determined that increasing 7.4% oil DDGS decreased (linear, P
