Download or read book Evaluation of Optical Fiber Sensors in High Temperature and Nuclear Reactor Environments written by Brandon Augustus Wilson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Fiber Optic Technology for Advanced Reactor Instrumentation written by John P. Hanson and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The harsh, high temperature, high radiation environment of next generation nuclear reactors will require new sensor technology to accurately monitor their operating conditions, and one potential technology for such sensors is that of fiber optics. Previous work has shown that fiber optics have promising ability to withstand these harsh conditions, in particular single-crystal sapphire fibers, which can withstand much higher temperatures than traditional silica fibers. However, they have not been extensively tested in a combined high temperature, high radiation environment, and the competing effects of radiation damage and annealing within both types of fiber are not well understood. It has been hypothesized that in these conditions sapphire-based fiber optic sensors will provide survivability superior to silica-based fibers, and numerous advantages over traditional electrical sensors. The goal of this project was to design a furnace needed to test this hypothesis, as well as gain preliminary data on the survivability of silica-based fibers. A furnace was designed to be operated inside a dry tube experimental facility at the OSU Research Reactor, allowing simultaneous irradiation and heating of the fibers while monitoring them in situ. A prototype was constructed of this design for preliminary testing, providing experience with the construction and instrumentation of the device. This experience has also helped to validate the feasibility of the furnace design. In addition, the prototype has been used to gather valuable data on the effects of temperature on silica-based fibers, providing a baseline of comparison for future sapphire fiber testing. As expected, this testing has confirmed the limitations of silica-fibers at high temperatures, and the need to analyze more robust solutions such as sapphire based fibers. Due to the initial success of the prototype, the construction of the new furnace will soon proceed, enabling future studies of sapphire based fibers.
Download or read book Evaluation of Single mode and Bragg Grating Optical Fibers Interrogated with an Optical Backscatter Reflectometer OBR in High Temperature Environments for Advanced Instrumentation in Nuclear Reactors written by Thomas William Wood (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Optical fibers have made a drastic change in the telecommunications industry and in the more recent past have been developed and applied in making engineering measurements. Optical fibers have been used for various engineering measurement applications under harsh environments and this work explores the use of optical fiber sensors in the nuclear industry. In this work, inexpensive single-mode silica optical fibers, as well as Bragg Grating optical fibers, were interrogated with Luna Innovations' Optical Backscatter Reflectometer (OBR) to perform distributed temperature measurements at temperatures up to 1000 deg C. Measurements of the backscattered signal were taken continuously to determine the amount of light that is backscattered as a function of temperature and position along the length of the fiber. This data was post-processed to determine the spectral shift in the Rayleigh backscatter signature. The spectral shift data was then calibrated to a change in temperature. This work found that the temperature sensing mechanism that utilizes the Fiber Bragg Gratings provides a reliable measurement at temperatures up to 100 deg C but at higher temperatures the measurement begins to fail. This work also determines an upper operational temperature limit of 500 deg C for the distributed measurement technique based on Rayleigh backscatter using Corning's SMF-28e+ commercially available single- mode fiber.
Download or read book Handbook of Optical Fibers written by Gang-Ding Peng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research- and application-oriented book covers main topical areas of optical fibers. The selection of the chapters is weighted on technological and application-specific topics, very much a reflection of where research is heading to and what researchers are looking for. Chapters are arranged in a user-friendly format essentially self-contained and with extensive cross-references. They are organized in the following sections: - Optical Fiber Communication | Editors: Ming-Jun Li and Chao Lu - Solitons and Nonlinear Waves in Optical Fibers | Editor: Boris A. Malomed - Optical Fiber Fabrication | Editor: Hairul Azhar Bin Abdul Rashid - Active Optical Fibers | Editor: Kyunghwan Oh - Special Optical Fibers | Editors: Perry Shum and Zhilin Xu - Optical Fiber Measurement | Editor: Jianzhong Zhang - Optical Fiber Devices | Editors: John Canning and Tuan Guo - Optical Fiber Device Measurement | Editor: Yanhua Luo - Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing | Editor: Yosuke Mizuno - Optical Fiber Sensors for Industrial Applications | Editor: Tong Sun OBE - Polymer Optical Fiber Sensing | Editor: Ginu Rajan - Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensing | Editor: D. N. Wang - Optical Fiber Microfluidic Sensors | Editor: Yuan Gong
Download or read book Process Monitoring with Optical Fibers and Harsh Environment Sensors written by Michael A. Marcus and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 35 papers in this volume were presented at the Industrial and Environmental Monitors and Biosensors Symposium, January 1999. They are divided into nine sessions addressing subjects such as: sensors for energy industry; sensors for engine industry; and sensors for materials evaluation.
Download or read book Understanding the Radiation Effects on Fiber Optic Sensors written by Sohel Rana and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this dissertation, the effects of radiation (gamma, neutron or mixed gamma and neutron) on optical fiber sensors are studied and new techniques for real-time measurement of radiation-induced macroscopic changes in optical fibers are presented. It is crucial among the research and development efforts in the nuclear energy field to conduct experiments in Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) to support lifetime extension, novel fuels and materials development, better fuel management, and enhanced safety of existing as well as future nuclear power plants (NPP). Due to their unparalleled and unique advantages over traditional sensors, optical fiber sensors are deemed potential candidates for their use in nuclear environments. However, optical fibers are susceptible to high levels of ionizing radiation emitted by fission reactors which are characterized by the highest levels of gamma dose, high flux of neutrons and potentially high temperatures depending on location in a reactor core. It is essential to accurately determine the information related to physical parameters such as temperature, pressure, and strain in nuclear environments for the safety of the existing and future NPPs."--Boise State University ScholarWorks.
Download or read book Fiber Optic Sensors Systems written by Paul Polishuk, Editor and published by Information Gatekeepers Inc. This book was released on with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optical Fibre Sensing and Systems in Nuclear Environments written by Francis Berghmans and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 1994 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of High Temperature and Nuclear Radiation on the Optical Transmission of Silica Optical Fibers written by David Phillip Hawn and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy is interested in extending the distributed sensing capabilities of optical instrumentation to high temperature reactor radiation environments. For this technology extension to be possible, the survivability of silica optical fibers needed to be determined in this environment. In this work the optical attenuation added to silica optical fiber exposed simultaneously to reactor radiation and temperatures to 1000°C was experimentally determined. Optical transmission measurements were made in-situ from 400nm-2300nm. For easy visualization, all of the results generated in this work were processed into movies that are available publicly [1].
Download or read book NUREG CR written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High temperature Fiber Optic Sensing Development and Deployment Into an Optical Fiber Based Gamma Thermometer written by Joshua Tyler Jones and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on the redesign of an Optical Fiber Based Gamma Thermometer (OFBGT) for the high temperature and high radiation conditions that would be experienced in a power reactor. In support of this redesign effort, both silica and single crystal sapphire based optical fiber sensors have been developed for high temperature applications. Monte Carlo radiation transport and thermal analyses have also been performed to understand how the sensors would behave in a reactor environment. The work in this dissertation characterized the performance of SMF-28 Ultra fibers up to 1000 °C, ~350 °C past their normal limit, by leveraging a new technique for post-processing of optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) results. Due to the expanded temperature range, these common fibers are now able to be used in the OFBGT for applications in even the highest operating temperature reactors. For temperatures in excess of 1000 °C, this work has also developed the internal cladding process used to make OFDR sensing possible in single crystal sapphire fibers. This work has shown that there is light that escapes the core of the fiber and propagates within the cladding. It is demonstrated that improved behavior can be achieved when this clad propagating light is addressed properly, either by suppressing it at the injection point of the fiber, or by removing it along the length of the fiber. Sapphire fibers properly set up with an internal cladding have been demonstrated capable of measuring temperatures up to 1500 °C. The radiation modeling of the OFBGTs has found two key interrelated behaviors that must be considered. First, there are delayed gamma sources from fission and non-fission activation, which result in the OFBGT temperature difference increasing to about double its original predicted value over time. Additionally, it has been demonstrated that the specific increase due to these delayed gamma sources across the core are not equal, as delayed gamma sources are not as energetic as the prompt sources. These time and space changes in the OFBGT response are responsible for errors that are observed in the practical application of the data analytics methodology, which was devised to extract core power from an array of OFBGTs. Incorporating the lessons learned from prior development efforts with the OFBGT, as well as a detailed review of the geometry and materials used, a new design of the sensor has been devised. This new design utilizes a zirconia thermal mass, with a zircaloy outer sheath. The benefits of the design include stability in the higher power, higher temperature conditions, faster response time, better ability to handle non-uniform boundary temperature and power inputs, and a more uniform behavior across a wide range of temperatures. This new design is able to incorporate the outer sheath fiber inside the outer sheath, as well as being able to have fins or other texture to aid in cooling, when necessary. It has been shown that the sensitivity of the OFBGT designs can be tuned to specific applications by changing the gas-gap composition.
Download or read book Fiber Optic Sensors written by Eric Udd and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-06-12 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIBER OPTIC SENSORS Discover the latest in fiber optic sensors and their applications in this new edition Fiber-optic sensors are a powerful class of sensor that uses high-bandwidth optical fibers to convey a large amount of measured information through a single fiber. The advantages of such a mode of measurement are clear: they are intrinsically safe in explosive environments (no sparks), lightweight, compact, robust, and potentially inexpensive. As a result, their uses are manifold for a wide range of physical and chemical phenomena including temperature, strain, pressure, acoustic fields, position, velocity, rotation, acceleration, electrical current, liquid level, biochemical composition, and chemical concentration. Fiber Optic Sensors introduces and familiarizes the reader with a broad range of fiber optic sensor techniques and applications. The latest edition of this popular text builds upon the sound introductions to the fundamentals of the topic provided by earlier editions by introducing the latest technologies that have been developed in recent years. Gathering the latest research and publications on the subject in one place, the book provides a comprehensive look at fiber optic sensors with an eye to what’s new in the field. Readers of Fiber Optic Sensors’ third edition will also find: An exploration of the technology within new applications in areas such as aerospace, defense, oil and gas, medical, electric power, manufacturing, environmental, and robotics Updated chapters on the emergency of interferometric sensors, distributed sensing, and critical components A new and fully-updated comprehensive index Fiber Optic Sensors is a useful reference for engineers, scientists, technical managers, as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students.
Download or read book Optical Fiber Sensor Technology written by L.S. Grattan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental and chemical sensors in optical fiber sensor technology The nature of the environment in which we live and work, and the precarious state of many aspects of the natural environment, has been a major lesson for scientists over the last few decades. Public awareness of the issues involved is high, and often coupled with a scepticism of the ability of the scientist and engineer to provide an adequate, or even rapid solution to the preservation of the environment before further damage is done, and to achieve this with a mini mum of expenditure. Monitoring of the various aspects of the environment, whether it be external or internal to ourselves and involving chemical, physical or biomedical parameters is an essential process for the well-being of mankind and of the individual. Legis lative requirements set new standards for measurement and control all around us, which must be met by the most appropriate of the technologies available, commensurate with the costs involved. Optical fiber sensor technology has a major part to play in this process, both to complement existing technologies and to promote new solutions to difficult measurement issues. The developments in new sources and detectors covering wider ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum, with higher sensitivity, allow the use of techniques that some time ago would have been considered inappropriate or lacking in sufficient sensitivity.
Download or read book Optical Fiber Sensors written by Arthur N. Chester and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Erice, Italy, May 10-20, 1986
Download or read book Fiber Optic Sensors written by Ignacio R. Matias and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes important recent developments in fiber optic sensor technology and examines established and emerging applications in a broad range of fields and markets, including power engineering, chemical engineering, bioengineering, biomedical engineering, and environmental monitoring. Particular attention is devoted to niche applications where fiber optic sensors are or soon will be able to compete with conventional approaches. Beyond novel methods for the sensing of traditional parameters such as strain, temperature, and pressure, a variety of new ideas and concepts are proposed and explored. The significance of the advent of extended infrared sensors is discussed, and individual chapters focus on sensing at THz frequencies and optical sensing based on photonic crystal structures. Another important topic is the resonances generated when using thin films in conjunction with optical fibers, and the enormous potential of sensors based on lossy mode resonances, surface plasmon resonances, and long-range surface exciton polaritons. Detailed attention is also paid to fiber Bragg grating sensors and multimode interference sensors. Each chapter is written by an acknowledged expert in the subject under discussion.
Download or read book Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructures written by Jerome P. Lynch and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-07-19 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensor Technologies for Civil Infrastructure, Volume 2: Applications in Structural Health Monitoring, Second Edition, provides an overview of sensor applications and a new section on future and emerging technologies. Part one is made up of case studies in assessing and monitoring specific structures such as bridges, towers, buildings, dams, tunnels, pipelines, and roads. The new edition also includes sensing solutions for assessing and monitoring of naval systems. Part two reviews emerging technologies for sensing and data analysis including diagnostic solutions for assessing and monitoring sensors, unmanned aerial systems, and UAV application in post-hazard event reconnaissance and site assessment. Includes case studies in assessing structures such as bridges, buildings, super-tall towers, dams, tunnels, wind turbines, railroad tracks, nuclear power plants, offshore structures, naval systems, levees, and pipelines Reviews future and emerging technologies and techniques including unmanned aerial systems, LIDAR, and ultrasonic and infrared sensing Describes latest emerging techniques in data analysis such as diagnostic solutions for assessing and monitoring sensors and big data analysis
Download or read book Performances of Raman and Brillouin Fiber based Sensing of Temperature and Strain in Harsh Environments written by Chiara Cangialosi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD thesis is conducted in the joint supervision of both the University Jean Monnet of Saint Etienne (France) and the University of Palermo (Italy) in collaboration with the French national agency for the management of radioactive wastes (ANDRA). The aim of the Thesis is to evaluate the performances of distributed optical fiber sensors (based on Raman and Brillouin scattering technologies) that will be employed for monitoring industrial site for deep geological disposal for high and long-lived intermediate level activity radioactive waste (HL-W and LL/IL-W, respectively), called Cigéo. In this context, the distributed optical fiber sensors will provide a time and spatial cartography of the strain and temperature inside the disposal cell. The severe environment of Cigéo requires the sensor evaluation taking into account the resulting degradation of the sensing optical fiber. The sensor response is affected by y-rays and hydrogen presences inside the storage cells. In both cases a decrease of the optical fiber transmission, due to the radiation or hydrogen induced attenuation (RIA or HIA) is observed and limits the sensing distance range of the sensor. Moreover, the two different environment constraints lead to errors in the temperature or strain evaluation for both sensor technologies. This Thesis work establishes the guidelines to select and design distributed optical fiber sensors suitable to operate in radiation environment such as Cigéo one.
