Download or read book Evaluation of Nitrification and Methods to Minimize Denitrification Loss for Rice Oryza Sativa L on Mississippi Alluvial Plain Soils written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Minimal studies have evaluated nitrification and subsequent denitrification for soils where rice is produced in the delayed-flood system. Laboratory and field experiments were conducted at USDA-ARS and the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS to quantify the nitrification potential of southern USA soils, and evaluate nitrogen amendments aimed to reduce nitrification rates on clay soils. The Sharkey clay soil at Stoneville, MS was one of the soils with the greatest nitrification potential. Dicyandiamide (DCD) increased the number of days that half the total recovered inorganic-N was in the ammonium-N form (half-life))by approximately 3-fold and 18% when compared to non-amended urea in the laboratory and field, respectively. Results suggested that nitrapyrin was not an effective nitrification inhibitor in southern soil. Coated urea (43%N) applied 12 days before flood establishment (dbf) was most successful at reducing nitrification resulting in yield comparable to urea applied one dbf.
Download or read book Evaluation of Nitrapyrin as a Potential Nitrification Inhibitor in Mississippi Rice Production written by William Jeffrey Mansour and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urea is the predominant ammonium-forming nitrogen (N) source applied in delayed-flood rice because of its high N content (46%) and relatively low cost. Nitrogen applied prior to flooding can be lost by multiple mechanisms such as ammonia volatilization or nitrification/denitrification. In recent years, technological advancements have provided alternative enhanced efficiency fertilizer additives with potential to be incorporated in rice production to reduce N losses. Research was conducted at the Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center from 2018 to 2020 to determine the effects of broadcast applications of nitrapyrin at two specific growth stages to enhance fertilizer-N recovery efficiency, determine optimal application methods of nitrapyrin with urea, determine the effects of nitrapyrin mixed with different herbicides for weed control, and to evaluate nitrapyrin efficacy alone and in conjunction with N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) to reduce ammonia volatilization. In the current research, there was no effect on grain yield responses from the addition of nitrapyrin regardless of soil textures or application timing. Broadcast applications of nitrapyrin did not improve fertilizer-N recovery efficiency regardless of soil texture or application timing. Differences in rice grain yield were not observed with respect to nitrapyrin application method or NBPT combination for clay and silt loam textures. Barnyardgrass control was unaffected with nitrapyrin applied with different herbicides. Lastly, nitrapyrin was ineffective at reducing ammonia volatilization and resulted in a similar trend to urea alone. Efficacy from nitrapyrin plus NBPT was not different from NBPT alone at reducing N losses. Nitrapyrin efficacy can be influenced by soil texture, application timing, or application method. Implementing nitrapyrin as an enhanced efficiency fertilizer additive to mitigate N losses is inconsistent, and rice grain yields will vary based on environmental and soil conditions.
Download or read book Denitrification as affected by irrigation frequency of a field soil written by University of California, Davis. Department of Land, Air, and Water Resources and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrification in Acid Or Non basic Soils written by James Clarence Temple and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Effects of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide on Nitrification and Ammonification in Soils written by James Kemp Plummer and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Water and Nitrogen Management Practices in Southern US Rice Oryza Sativa L Production written by Richard Lee Atwill and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen (N) fertility and irrigation costs are the greatest input expenses required for rice production in Mississippi, therefore N management and irrigation should be conducted in efficiently. Field experiments were conducted at the Delta Research and Extension Center in Stoneville, MS, and the LSU AgCenter in Crowley, LA, to evaluate water and nitrogen management practices. Nitrogen use efficiency and yield were not different for alternate wetting and drying (AWD) systems compared to a traditional continuous flood. Additionally, experiments were conducted to test for differences comparing two experimental designs, randomized complete block (RCB) and split-plot (SP), for N-rate response trials in Mississippi. Rice grain yield response to N-rate was similar for RCB and SP designs, therefore either experimental design would be appropriate for N-response experiments in rice. Increasing efficiency of water and N management practices further improves environmental and economic benefits from rice production in Mississippi
Download or read book Evaluation of Technology Aimed to Improve Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Delayed flood Rice Oryza Sativa L Production written by Jason Morris Satterfield and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving nitrogen (N) use efficiency is crucial for maximizing growth and yield in rice production. Tools to determine precise midseason N rates as well as knowledge of the effects of starter fertilizer N applications on rice growth and yield are lacking. Field experiments were conducted in 2007 and 2008 at the Delta Research and Extension Center to evaluate canopy reflectance as a means for determining yield and N nutrition at midseason and to assess agronomic effects and N recovery efficiency of starter fertilizer N. Measurable in-season parameters were significantly related to grain yield. Grain yield and measured parameters were related to canopy reflectance. The results of this study support the continued research of canopy reflectance for predicting N nutrition indicators and yield. Minimal growth responses were observed when starter N was applied to seedling rice. Nitrogen recovery increased significantly throughout the growing season; however, less than 20% recovery was obtained.
Download or read book Nitrogen Economy of Flooded Rice Soils written by S.K. de Datta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-02 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The steadily increasing cost of nitrogen fertilizer has resulted in more emphasis on basic and applied studies to improve nitrogen use efficiency in lowland rice. The efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen in farmers' fields is shockingly low ~ a luxury resource-scarce farmers in tropical Asia can ill afford. We believe it is critical to quantify the basic transformation processes and develop management practices for higher N use efficiency for two reasons. They are: 1. Nitrogen fertilizer together with water management is a key factor for achieving the yield potentials of modern rices. 2. Fertilizer nitrogen prices are high and most Asian rice farmers are poor. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines; Internation al Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC), USA; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Australia; U.S. Universities (Louisiana, Cornell, California, Arkansas and others); and Dr Justus Leibig University in West Germany are actively engaged in individual or collaborative research that addresses basic transformation processes on N gains and losses and management practices to maximize N use efficiency in rice. It is appropriate to update and summarize, in a double issue of Fertilizer Research, the 10 papers presented at the special symposium organized by the American Society of Agronomy (ASA) at the 75th Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C. in 1983. S.K. De Datta, Head of Agronomy Department, IRRI, was chairman of the International Agronomy Division of ASA (A-6) in 1982 and 1983.
Download or read book Rice Grain Yield and Nitrogen Uptake and Ammonia Volatilization from Urea as Affected by Urea Amendment and Simulated Rainfall written by Randy James Dempsey and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of rainfall between urea application and flood establishment on N loss and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) has not been studied. The first research objective was to compare the effects of simulated rainfall amounts and N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) urease inhibitor rate on NH3 volatilization and rice growth. Three field experiments were conducted and NH3 volatilization was measured in two experiments for 11 days after urea application (DAU) in semi-open chambers. Urea or NBPT-treated urea (NBPT-Urea) was subjected to six simulated rainfall amounts (0-25 mm) applied 5 to 15 h after urea application and flooded 7 to 12 DAU. Cumulative NH3 loss from Urea accounted for 8.6% of the applied N with no simulated rainfall and decreased quadratically to 0.6% with 24 mm of simulated rainfall. Cumulative NH 3 loss from NBPT-Urea also decreased quadratically as simulated rainfall amount increased but loss was 0.2-2.0% of the applied-N. Depending on the site, yields of rice fertilized with Urea decreased linearly or nonlinearly as simulated rainfall increased with the greatest yield produced by rice receiving no simulated rainfall. The yields of rice fertilized with NBPT-Urea were not affected by simulated rainfall amount in two trials. In the third trial, the yields of rice fertilized with NBPT-Urea decreased nonlinearly as simulated rainfall amount increased but were 8.9 to 18.1% greater than the yields of Urea-fertilized rice. Rainfall following preflood urea application appears to reduce NH3 loss but increase N loss via denitrification. Total-N loss was reduced when urea was treated with NBPT. Our second research objective was to compare the effects of simulated rainfall time and selected urea-N amendments on rice N uptake and grain yield. Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate rice growth as affected by two NBPT rates (0 and 0.89 g NBPT kg -1 urea), two nitrapyrin (NP) rates (0 and 572 g NP ha-1), and three simulated rainfall timings [no simulated rainfall (NOSR), simulated rainfall before N (SRBN), and simulated rainfall after N (SRAN)]. Yield was unaffected by simulated rainfall timing when rice was fertilized with NBPT-treated urea (7904-8264 kg ha-1). When rice was fertilized with untreated urea (no NBPT), grain yields were greater with NOSR than with SRAN or SRBN. Within each simulated rainfall timing, rice yields were 6.9 to 21.3% greater when NBPT-treated urea was applied. Nitrapyrin rate had no effect on grain yield in 2013, but, compared to untreated urea (no NP), NP-treated urea decreased yield by 5.6% in 2014. Application of untreated urea to moist soil or dry soil followed by rainfall are field environments that result in more substantial N loss than urea applied to a dry soil that remains dry until the rice field is flooded. Use of NBPT-treated urea minimized N loss and maximized grain yield in each simulated rainfall scenario examined.
Download or read book Nitrification in Texas Soils written by George Stronach Fraps and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Denitrification Loss of Fertilizer Nitrogen in Paddy Soils It s Recognition and Impact written by I. Watanabe and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rice written by Achim Dobermann and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 2000 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rice ecosystems; Nutrient management; Mineral deficiencies; Mineral toxicities; Tools and information.
Download or read book Principles and Practices of Rice Production written by Surajit K. De Datta and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1981 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Irrigation and Nutrient Management Strategies in Rice Using Alternative Irrigation Methods written by Justin Chlapecka and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As water resources gain value across the Mid-South, alternative irrigation strategies of rice (Oryza sativa L.) have garnered increasing attention. In 2015, an estimated 1.7% of Arkansas rice hectarage used alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation and 0.9% used furrow irrigation. As of 2020, 2.5% used AWD and 16.9% used furrow irrigation, the latter accounting for near 99,000 ha in Arkansas. Little information exists in the scientific literature in relation to management of rice grown in the Mid-South without a conventional flood. This fact coupled with the rapid adoption rate, especially for furrow-irrigated rice (FIR), during the last five years prompted the need for additional scientific information. Studies were initiated from 2018 through 2020 to examine several management differences under alternative irrigation strategies, including irrigation timing, fertilizer-nitrogen (N) management, and nutrient uptake surveys. Large block trials were conducted in 2018 and 2019 to assess the proper irrigation timing for AWD and FIR at a total of four site-years per irrigation method. Small-plot trials were conducted in the top (aerobic) and bottom (generally flooded, anaerobic) of FIR fields from 2018 to 2020 at thirteen sites to determine the optimum N management program for FIR on clayey and silt loam soils. From these small-plot trials, aboveground biomass samples were taken at R3 (50% heading) to analyze the nutrient uptake including N, phosphorus (P), potassium (K), zinc (Zn), and eight other plant-essential nutrients. Results indicate that AWD and FIR can be allowed to dry to at least -45 kPa in the upper third of the field at depth of 10 cm prior to each irrigation event. The optimal N program for FIR on clayey soils was a three-way split application, which included an additional 52 kg N ha-1 over the recommended season total N rate for flooded rice production, but further economic analysis is certainly needed. While this program also maximized rice grain and milling yield on a silt loam soil, it appears that the extra 52 kg N ha-1 may not be needed and that more management options may be possible to optimize FIR production on a silt loam soil. However, it appears that there is no need to manage the top and bottom of the field separately in terms of N management. Nutrient uptake surveys from sites on both clayey and silt loam soil textures suggest that P and K uptake are much less at the top of the field, where aerobic conditions generally exist throughout the season. Thus, it may be necessary to focus on P and K management in FIR in the future and amended management recommendations may be advised. Through the studies conducted as a part of this project, it has been shown that AWD and FIR production are viable methods for growing rice in the Mid-South. The management aspects examined in the current studies should allow rice producers considering AWD, and especially FIR, to maximize rice grain yield and milling yield while minimizing the potential negative environmental impact associated with the transition to these alternative methods of rice irrigation.
Download or read book Organic Matter and Rice written by and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1984 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rice in the United States Varieties and Production written by United States. Agricultural Research Service and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Properties and Management of Soils in the Tropics written by Pedro A. Sanchez and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-10 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-awaited second edition of classic textbook, brought completely up to date, for courses on tropical soils, and reference for scientists and professionals.
