Download or read book Evaluation of New Meshes a Cell based Therapy and Animal Model for Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair written by Daniela Ulrich and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) is defined as the descent of one or more of the pelvicstructures and includes uterine prolapse, vaginal vault prolapse, and anterior or posterior vaginal wall prolapse. The resultant symptoms are urinary and bowel dysfunction, incontinence, and sexual dysfunction. POP is primarily caused by childbirth injury, but ageing, obesity and other factors also contribute. Common treatment of POP is surgery and includes native tissue surgical reconstruction alone or with implantation of either synthetic or biological mesh with the former having a higher success rate. However, thelong-term outcome of synthetic mesh augmented surgery is unsatisfactory due to postsurgical complications. The most common problems are mesh exposure and pain possiblydue to scarring, folding and/or contraction of synthetic meshes. Polypropylene (PP) wasrapidly adopted for POP surgery and was not carefully reassessed to determine whether PPmet the criteria for treating the damaged pelvic floor tissues.Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) have been discovered in almost every adult tissue andare highly proliferative, self-renew and differentiate into mesodermal lineages in vitro.MSC also have immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties making them idealcandidates for cell-based therapies. Recently MSC have been discovered in theregenerative endometrial lining of the uterus and specific markers (W5C5/SUSD2) havebeen identified for their prospective isolation. These endometrial MSC (eMSC) fulfil the classical criteria of adult MSC and can be obtained under minimally invasive procedures without anaesthesia or scarring from premenopausal women.Tissue engineering is defined as a combination of cells and materials and is widely used in the field of regenerative medicine. Many cell types from the same or a different individual can be used in combination with a synthetic, biological or composite material. Of the urogenital organs, to date, researchers have only been able to reconstruct the human bladder and urethra using tissue engineering approaches.In this thesis, new meshes designed specifically for POP repair surgery were evaluated in an abdominal wall fascial defect model to evaluate the extent of host tissue response, tissue integration and subsequent mechanical properties. Polyamide (PA), Polyamide plus Gelatin (PA+G) and Polyether-etherketone (PEEK) showed temporal inflammatory responses that were different to that seen with PP meshes with enhancedneovascularisation, collagen production, and decreased inflammation. PA and PA+Gcould be a future treatment option for POP repair surgery.Most women who suffer from POP are postmenopausal and we therefore characterisedeMSC from postmenopausal women treated with or without exogenous estrogen. Similarto premenopausal women, eMSC can be obtained by a curettage procedure followingshort-term estrogen treatment. Postmenopausal eMSC are similar to premenopausal eMSC in terms of cloning efficiency and phenotype but are available in lower numbers and differentiate to a lesser degree.The next step was to test the PA+G meshes and eMSC in a nude rat fascial wound modelas a small preclinical proof of principle animal model. Meshes seeded with eMSCimproved the tissue integration compared to meshes alone by increasing theneovascularisation, altering macrophages from an inflammatory to wound healingphenotype, decreasing the foreign body reaction, and improving the biomechanicalproperties in the long term, without engraftment.This thesis also provides a comprehensive analysis of sheep vaginal tissue to generatebaseline data in this large animal preclinical model, including biochemical, biomechanical and histological analyses. Sheep that have not delivered lambs have similar biomechanical and biochemical properties to parous sheep whereas pregnancy significantly changes both the tissue composition and mechanical properties. We also determined regional differencesin postmenopausal sheep vagina and correlated the biochemical and histological results with postmenopausal women. The ovine vagina showed differences between the upper and lower region whereas human vagina did to a lesser degree but with similar tissuecomposition. These results can help to understand the biochemical tissue composition and passive biomechanical properties of ovine vagina and relate this to the histo-architecture at different reproductive stages as part of the establishment of a large animal preclinicalmodel for evaluating regenerative medicine approaches for surgical treatment of pelvicorgan prolapse. The next step would be to test the above mentioned TE construct in a large animal model; however this was not feasible within the time frame of this thesis.In conclusion eMSC are a promising source of MSC independent of a women's stage oflife and could be used for TE purposes. A Tissue Engineering construct might be thefuture treatment for POP but has yet to be evaluated in a large animal preclinical model.

Download or read book Bacterial NanoCellulose written by Miguel Gama and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book dedicated to the potential applications and unique properties of bacterial cellulose (BC), this seminal work covers the basic science, technology, and economic impact of this bulk chemical as well as the companies and patents that are driving the field. It reviews the biosynthesis and properties of BC, including genetics and characterization; discusses the advancing technology as it relates to product development, bioreactors, and production; and analyzes the economic impact of BC on a diverse range of industry applications, including materials and biomaterials, biological and polymer sciences, and electromechanical engineering.

Download or read book The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells 2 Volume Set written by Kerry Atkinson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 1080 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells comprehensively describes the cellular and molecular biology of mesenchymal stem cells and mesenchymal stromal cells, describing their therapeutic potential in a wide variety of preclinical models of human diseases and their mechanism of action in these preclinical models. Chapters also discuss the current status of the use of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in clinical trials in a wide range of human diseases and disorders, for many of which there are limited, or no other, therapeutic avenues. Provides coverage on both the biology of mesenchymal stem cells and stromal cells, and their therapeutic applications Describes the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in a wide variety of preclinical models of human diseases and their mechanism of action in these preclinical models Discusses the current status of mesenchymal stem and stromal cells in clinical trials in a wide range of human diseases and disorders, for many of which there are limited, or no other, therapeutic avenues Written and edited by leaders in the field The Biology and Therapeutic Application of Mesenchymal Cells is an invaluable resource for those studying stem cells, cell biology, genetics, gene or cell therapy, or regenerative medicine.

Download or read book Vaginal Pessaries written by Teresa Tam and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With mesh surgery for prolapse sometimes proving problematic, there has been a resurgence of professional medical interest in more traditional methods for the management of prolapse and of stress urinary incontinence. This concise guide to the practical aspects of pessary use will be of interest to all gynecologists involved in the clinical management of the patient with these problems. Contents: Historical review * Pessaries for pelvic organ prolapse * Incontinence pessaries * Pessary fitting * Pessary care * Outcomes of pessary use * Current clinical studies on vaginal pessaries Cover image of vaginal pessaries © 2019 Rick Hicaro, Jr., Chicago, IL 60647, USA

Download or read book Meshes Benefits and Risks written by Volker Schumpelick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within a few years the surgical approach to abdominal wall hernias has focused on mesh-based treatment options. This dramatic change has set the stage for the third Suvretta meeting. All aspects of the mesh world have been discussed in detail by more than 50 international experts during an intense week resulting in an assessment of success and failures. After posing the question, whether meshes have defeated recurrences in the groin, epidemiological clinical data on recurrences were presented and show that this problem still exists. In particular, novel molecular biology-based research results stress the pathophysiological importance of a defective scarring process in these patients with inherent conclusions for future therapies. Regarding the variety existing meshes, there are already more than 100 different mesh devices, a comprehensive review of their chemical and textile properties was presented, with emphasis on their impact on biological responses. However, more than 90% of the participants articulated the need for improved mesh prosthesis, because their characteristic inflammatory and fibrotic foreign body reaction cause minor and major complications, e.g. pain, infections, adhesions, damage of the spermatic cord. The differentiated use of meshes in various procedures was discussed, including groin, incisional, parastomal, diaphragmal and hiatal hernias as well as their use in extended abdominal wall defects or in paediatric or plastic surgery. In summary this book summarizes the most up-to-date knowledge about meshes and hopefully serve as manual for both practical surgeons and scientists involved in the growing world of mesh.

Download or read book Stem Cells in Reproductive Medicine written by Carlos Simón and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-04 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cell science has the potential to impact human reproductive medicine significantly - cutting edge technologies allow the production and regeneration of viable gametes from human stem cells offering potential to preciously infertile patients. Written by leading experts in the field Stem Cells in Reproductive Medicine brings together chapters on the genetics and epigenetics of both the male and female gametes as well as advice on the production and regeneration of gene cells in men and women, trophoblasts and endometrium from human embryonic and adult stem cells. Although focussing mainly on the practical elements of the use of stem cells in reproductive medicine, the book also contains a section on new developments in stem cell research. The book is essential reading for reproductive medicine clinicians, gynecologists and embryologists who want to keep abreast of practical developments in this rapidly developing field.

Download or read book Biomechanics of the Female Pelvic Floor written by Lennox Hoyte and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomechanics of the Female Pelvic Floor, Second Edition, is the first book to specifically focus on this key part of women’s health, combining engineering and clinical expertise. This edited collection will help readers understand the risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction, the mechanisms of childbirth related injury, and how to design intrapartum preventative strategies, optimal repair techniques, and prostheses. The authors have combined their expertise to create a thorough, comprehensive view of female pelvic floor biomechanics in order to help different disciplines discuss, research, and drive solutions to pressing problems. The book includes a common language for the design, conduct, and reporting of research studies in female PFD, and will be of interest to biomechanical and prosthetic tissue engineers and clinicians interested in female pelvic floor dysfunction, including urologists, urogynecologists, maternal fetal medicine specialists, and physical therapists. Contains contributions from leading bioengineers and clinicians, and provides a cohesive multidisciplinary view of the field Covers causes, risk factors, and optimal treatment for pelvic floor biomechanics Combines anatomy, imaging, tissue characteristics, and computational modeling development in relation to pelvic floor biomechanics

Download or read book Host Response to Biomaterials written by Stephen F. Badylak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-05-08 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Host Response to Biomaterials: The Impact of Host Response on Biomaterial Selection explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications, focusing on the host response to each biomaterial. It is one of the first books to connect immunology and biomaterials with regard to host response. The text also explores the role of the immune system in host response, and covers the regulatory environment for biomaterials, along with the benefits of synthetic versus natural biomaterials, and the transition from simple to complex biomaterial solutions. Fields covered include, but are not limited to, orthopaedic surgery, dentistry, general surgery, neurosurgery, urology, and regenerative medicine. Explains the various categories of biomaterials and their significance for clinical applications Contains a range of extensive coverage, including, but not limited to, orthopedic, surgery, dental, general surgery, neurosurgery, lower urinary tract, and regenerative medicine Includes regulations regarding combination devices

Download or read book Abdominal Wall Hernias written by Robert Bendavid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 814 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abdominal Wall Hernias is the most up-to-date, comprehensive reference available on all aspects of hernia repair. It includes state-of-the-art approaches to conventional open repairs using tissue-to-tissue techniques, the use of prosthetic mesh, minimally invasive approaches, the repair of recurrent and massive hernias, pertinent anatomy, basic science, and emerging biomaterials. The authors present a full spectrum of procedures to enable readers to gain a broad knowledge of the multifaceted repair of hernias. Richly illustrated, this book is a vital resource for all general surgeons and surgeons-in-training.

Download or read book Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Pelvic Surgery written by Harold P. Drutz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-31 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text includes sections on anatomy, normal and abnormal physiology, investigation techniques, inflammatory conditions and treatment options. The international panel of contributors is at the forefront of research in the field; the editors have assembled these contributors and topics that span the entire range of pelvic floor disorders in women. Throughout, the emphasis is on an evidence-based approach to the treatment of pelvic floor problems. Indispensable for gynecologists and urologists.

Download or read book General Gynecology written by Andrew I. Sokol and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Requisites in Obstetrics and Gynecology is a series of volumes that offers a concise overview of the field of obstetrics and gynecology in the following areas: High Risk Obstetrics, General Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology, and Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility. Each volume contains the core material that is fundamental to each area and includes a presentation that allows the user to absorb the information quickly and thoroughly. This volume is devoted to General Gynecology, which covers care of the female patient outside of pregnancy or during the initial weeks of pregnancy. Topics include gynecologic imaging, family planning, congenital and developmental abnormalities, abnormal uterine bleeding, and pelvic floor disorders.

Download or read book Pelvic Floor Ultrasound written by Lewis Chan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-06 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is increasing interest in using ultrasound for assessment of pelvic floor disorders such as voiding dysfunction , pelvic organ prolapse and faecal incontinence. Ultrasound can also be a useful imaging modality for urodynamics and pelvic floor physiotherapy. Whilst ultrasound equipment is widely available around the world many clinicians may not have access to structured training in the technique of pelvic floor imaging and interpretation of images in the context of pelvic floor dysfunction. This book aims to provide the reader with the knowledge and skills to start utilising ultrasound imaging in assessment of pelvic floor disorders. The authors comprise the three surgical disciplines (urology, colorectal surgery and gynaecology) who commonly manage pelvic floor problems and have subspecialty expertise in pelvic floor imaging. They have conducted workshops in Australia, Asia, UK and USA and are advocates for clinican-performed ultrasound.

Download or read book Practical Pelvic Floor Ultrasonography written by S. Abbas Shobeiri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Pelvic Floor Ultrasonography: A Multicompartmental Approach to 2D/3D/4D Ultrasonography of Pelvic Floor provides an introduction to pelvic floor imaging, as well as a resource to be used during initial and more advanced practice. The book helps readers gain competence in performing 2D/3D/4D transperineal, and 2D/3D endovaginal / endoanal ultrasound evaluation of the pelvic floor, including anal sphincter and levator ani complex. The text also shows interested clinicians how to obtain optimal images of pelvic floor muscles and organs, how to obtain useful images of the anal canal, levator ani complex, urethra, and how to interpret clinical implications of alterations of the anatomy. In addition, emerging techniques of “dynamic” pelvic floor ultrasound and 3D/4D ultrasound are introduced through step by step protocols that are aimed at optimizing sonographic images. Written entirely by experts in their fields, Practical Pelvic Floor Ultrasonography: A Multicompartmental Approach to 2D/3D/4D Ultrasonography of Pelvic Floor is a comprehensive resource that will be of great value to urogynecologists, colorectal surgeons, obstetrician and gynecologists, female urologists, ultrasonographers, radiologists, physiotherapists, as well as fellows in urogynecology and colorectal surgery.

Download or read book Pelvic Floor Disorders written by Giulio Santoro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dramatic improvement in imaging techniques (3D ultrasonography, dynamic magnetic resonance) allows greater insight into the complex anatomy of the pelvic floor and its pathological modifications.Obstetrical events leading to fecal and urinary incontinence in women, the development of pelvic organ prolapse, and mechanism of voiding dysfunction and obstructed defecation can now be accurately assessed, which is fundamental for appropriate treatment decision making. This book is written for gynecologists, colorectal surgeons, urologists, radiologists, and gastroenterologists with a special interest in this field of medicine. It is also relevant to everyone who aspires to improve their understanding of the fundamental principles of pelvic floor disorders.

Download or read book Ultrasonography in Gynecology written by Botros R. M. B. Rizk and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasonography is a cornerstone in the evaluation of gynecologic disease. This authoritative new book looks at the techniques of ultrasonography in both office and hospital settings, offering guidance on the optimal use of equipment and covering the full range of benign and malignant gynecologic disease as well as infertility. Ultrasonography in Gynecology offers extensive coverage of the diagnostic potential of ultrasound in gynecologic disease, from the moment the patient walks into the physician's office. All the different approaches in the ultrasonographic evaluation of disease – including 3D ultrasonography, 3D sonohysterography, Doppler imaging and pelvic floor imaging – are extensively covered, with color images throughout. Written and edited by leaders in the field of ultrasonography who have actively participated in national and international teaching courses, Ultrasonography in Gynecology is a must for all gynecologists dealing with infertility, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, gynecologic cancers, and many more gynecologic conditions.

Download or read book Clinical Gynecology written by Eric J. Bieber and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 1127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written with the busy practice in mind, this book delivers clinically focused, evidence-based gynecology guidance in a quick-reference format. It explores etiology, screening, tests, diagnosis, and treatment for a full range of gynecologic health issues. The coverage includes the full range of gynecologic malignancies, reproductive endocrinology and infertility, infectious diseases, urogynecologic problems, gynecologic concerns in children and adolescents, and surgical interventions including minimally invasive surgical procedures. Information is easy to find and absorb owing to the extensive use of full-color diagrams, algorithms, and illustrations. The new edition has been expanded to include aspects of gynecology important in international and resource-poor settings.

Download or read book Female Pelvic Surgery written by Farzeen Firoozi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fully updated edition of this text provides a state-of-the-art surgical review of female pelvic surgery, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians and surgeons dealing with, and interested in the treatment of pelvic floor disorders. The book reviews the basic indications for treatment and details the many surgical approaches to the management of all pelvic floor disorders, including stress urinary incontinence, transvaginal prolapse, transabdominal sacrocolpopexy, robotic/laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy, vaginal and vulvar cysts, and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. In addition to step-by-step descriptions, the text is augmented with illustrations and photographs of surgical techniques demonstrating the major repairs described in each section. Written by experts in their fields, the second edition of Female Pelvic Surgery provides a concise and comprehensive review of all surgical approaches to female pelvic surgery.