Download or read book Evaluation of Movement Variability and Knee Biomechanics During Functional Sporting Tasks in Healthy Individuals and Individuals Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury ACL and ACL Reconstruction written by A. M. N. Alyami and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Relating Subjective and Objective Knee Function After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Through Biomechanical and Neuromusculoskeletal Modelling Approaches written by Kenneth Smale and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Knee injuries have a considerable impact on both the person's psychological and physical health. We currently have tools to address each of these aspects but they are often considered independent of each other. Little work has been done to consolidate the subjective and objective functional ability of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured individuals, which can be detrimental when implementing a return-to-play decision-making scheme. The lack of understanding concerning the relationship of these two measures may account for the high incidence of re-injury rates and lower quality of life exhibited by so many of these patients. Purpose: The purpose of this doctoral thesis is to investigate the relationship between subjective and objective measures of functional ability in ACL deficient and ACL reconstructed conditions through biomechanical and neuromusculoskeletal modelling approaches. Methods: This thesis is comprised of five studies based on a single in vivo data collection protocol, medical imaging and in silico data analyses. The in vivo data collection was of test-retest design where ACL deficient patients participated prior to their operation and approximately ten months post-reconstruction. This experimental group was matched to a healthy, uninjured control group, which was tested a single time. The first study of this thesis involved a descriptive analysis of spatiotemporal, neuromuscular, and biomechanical patterns during hopping and side cut tasks in addition to subjective functional ability questionnaires. Then, two novel measures of dynamic knee joint control were developed and applied along with a third measure to determine if changes in joint control exist between the three groups (Study 2). The relationships of these objective measures of functional ability to subjective measures were then examined through correlation and regression models (Study 3). Following this, a method of including magnetic resonance imaging to construct patient-specific models was developed and implemented to determine realistic kinematic and ligament lengthening profiles (Study 4). These patient-specific models were then applied to quantify knee joint loading in the form of contact and ligament forces, which were correlated to subjective measures of functional ability (Study 5). Results: Even though no major differences in neuromuscular patterns were observed between all three groups, it was found that subjective patient-reported outcome measures scores and biomechanical measures in the form of knee flexion angles and extensor moments were lower in the ACL deficient group compared to healthy controls. These differences continued to exist 10 months post-operation as the ACL reconstructed group had not fully recovered to patterns observed in the healthy controls. The current findings also suggest a possible hierarchy in the relationships between objective and subjective measures of functional ability. Basic kinematic objective measures such as knee flexion angle show small to moderate correlations, while more comprehensive measures such as stiffness and joint compressive force show moderate to strong correlations to subjective questionnaires. Finally, this thesis developed patient-specific OpenSim models that were used to produce appropriate kinematics and ligament lengthening with the reduction in soft tissue artefact. Conclusion: This thesis demonstrated that patients who are high-functioning in the ACL deficient state show greater improvements in subjective outcome scores after ACL reconstruction compared to objective measures. Biomechanical and neuromusculoskeletal modelling approaches identified important differences between the healthy and ACL deficient groups that were not resolved post-operatively. Our results also demonstrate that certain subjective and objective measures of functional ability are strongly correlated. The knowledge gained from this test-retest design and novel patient-specific in silico models aids clinicians in managing their expectations regarding the effectiveness of reconstruction and the respective long-term sequelae.

Download or read book ACL Injuries in Female Athletes written by Robin West and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-read reference presents a succinct overview of clinically-focused topics covering the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of ACL injuries in the female athlete. Written by two professional team physicians, it provides practical, focused information for orthopaedic and sports medicine surgeons and physicians. Covers ACL injury risk factors and prevention, including biomechanics, biology, and anatomy of the female athlete. Discusses graft choices, the biology of healing, rehabilitation and return to play, future options for treatment, and more. Addresses special considerations such as pediatric ACL and revision ACL. Consolidates today’s available information and experience in this timely area into one convenient resource.

Download or read book Restoring Knee Function written by David Scott Logerstedt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this work was to identify the physical impairments, activity limitations, and self-reported outcomes after ACL injury, surgery, and rehabilitation. The development of clinical guidelines and performance standards can provide clinicians with practice patterns and benchmarks to optimize patient outcomes and address complications that may arise. By identifying the physical impairments, activity limitations, and self-reported outcomes and responses to injury, surgery, and rehabilitation, we can better predict which impairments and limitations impact patients' knee function and subsequent recovery and implement interventions to facilitate full knee recovery. Our first experimental study identified a group of individuals with knee function within normal ranges at baseline testing (n=15). Subsequently individuals who did (n=34) or did not (n=52) have a treatment response to perturbation training based on the change scores in the self-report questionnaires and the global knee function question were identified. At baseline testing, responders and nonresponders had lower self-reported outcomes scores than the knee function within normal ranges group. Responders had lower KOS-ADLS and GRS scores than nonresponders. After training, responders and nonresponders had lower self-reported outcomes scores than knee function within normal ranges group. Nonresponders had lower IKDC2000 scores than responders. The involved limb improved in all physical performance measures from baseline to post-training test. Clinicians should implement a battery of tests using performance-based and self-report outcomes to describe patients' function and maximize successful outcomes. Secondly, we prospectively followed 83 subjects after ACL injury to 12 months after ACL reconstruction. Limb-to-limb symmetries are reduced and normal limb symmetry is restored after perturbation training and returned to similar levels 6 months after reconstruction. Performance-based values on the involved limb and selfreported outcomes are sensitive to change over time and were clinically relevant improvements. Based on the current research, we suggest a rehabilitation program consisting of perturbation training and aggressive quadriceps strength pre-operatively and a systematic criteria-based post-operative program in order to restore normal limb symmetry and maximize functional recovery for patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Additionally, of the 83 subjects we followed prospectively, 55 subjects had complete pre-operative data and IKDC2000 scores at 6 months and 52 subjects had complete pre-operative data and IKDC2000 scores at 12 months to examine the relationship of pre-operative quadriceps strength and post-operative self-reported knee function and to investigate how other pre-operative factors may influence this relationship. Pre-operative quadriceps strength can predict IKDC2000 scores 6 months after ACL reconstruction, but did not predict IKDC2000 scores 12 months after reconstruction. These results confirm the importance of good quadriceps strength prior to ACL reconstruction in predicting better knee function after surgery. Factors, such as gender, meniscal injury, pre-operative BMI, and pre-operative quadriceps activation ratio, that are known to influence quadriceps strength and self-reported outcomes do not influence the relationship between pre-operative quadriceps strength and post-operative IKDC2000 scores. Our last experimental study was to determine if one-legged hop tests conducted pre-operatively and 6 months after surgery would predict self-reported knee function 1 year after ACL reconstruction. Single hop, cross-over hop, triple hop, and 6-m timed hop limb symmetry indexes 6 months after ACL reconstruction significantly predicted self-reported knee function within normal ranges 1 year after surgery. The 6-meter timed hop was the strongest individual predictor of self-reported knee function and had the highest discriminative accuracy. Pre-operative one-legged hop test did not predict self-reported knee function within normal ranges 1 year after ACL reconstruction. A comprehensive test battery may be needed to increase the sensitivity in predicting self-reported knee function. A systematic review was performed to establish performance standards for the single hop for distance after ACL reconstruction. Thirty-two articles were included in the final analysis. Individuals had lower single hop symmetry indexes and hop distances early after surgery that improved up to 13 months after ACL reconstruction. Individuals with patella tendon-bone autografts had lower hop symmetry index and large limb-to-limb differences than other graft types between 3 and 7 months after surgery. Clinicians can use these performance-based standards to guide their expectations after ACL reconstruction and direct their interventions if a patient is not meeting pre-determined criteria to progress their rehabilitation. Two systematic reviews were performed to develop evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for patients with musculoskeletal impairments related to knee ligamentous injuries, and knee meniscal and chondral injuries based on musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). MEDLINE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1966 through January 2009) were systematically reviewed for any relevant articles related to classification, outcome measures, and intervention strategies for ligament injuries and instabilities of the knee, and meniscal and chondral injuries of the knee. When relevant articles were identified their reference lists were hand-searched in an attempt to identify other articles that might have contributed to the outcome of clinical practice guidelines. Recommendations were made regarding clinical course, risk factors, diagnosis and classification, differential diagnosis, examination, and interventions. Individual clinical research articles were graded and the overall strength of the evidence supporting the recommendations made in these guidelines were also graded.

Download or read book Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations written by Frank R. Noyes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wealth of information provided in this unique text will enable orthopedic surgeons, medical practitioners, physical therapists, and trainers to ensure that athletes who suffer anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, or who require major knee operations for other reasons, have the best possible chance of safely resuming sporting activity at their desired level without subsequent problems. Divided into seven thematic sections, the coverage is wide-ranging and encompasses common barriers to return to sport, return to sport decision-based models, and the complete spectrum of optimal treatment for ACL injuries, including preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation. Advanced training concepts are explained in detail, with description of sports-specific programs for soccer, basketball, and tennis. Readers will find detailed guidance on objective testing for muscle strength, neuromuscular function, neurocognitive function, and cardiovascular fitness, as well as validated assessments to identify and manage psychological issues. In addition, return to sport considerations after meniscus surgery, patellofemoral realignment, articular cartilage procedures, and knee arthroplasty are discussed. Generously illustrated and heavily referenced, Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations is a comprehensive resource for all medical professionals and support staff working with athletes and active patients looking to get back in the game with confidence.

Download or read book Knee Ligaments written by Dale M. Daniel and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1990 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Basic Science E Book written by Chadwick Prodromos and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Anterior Cruciate Ligament: Reconstruction and Basic Science, 2nd Edition, by Dr. Chadwick Prodromos, provides the expert guidance you need to effectively select the right procedure and equipment, prevent complications, and improve outcomes for every patient. Written and edited by world leaders in hamstring, allograft, and bone-patellar tendon-bone (BTB) ACL reconstruction, this revised reference is a must-have resource for the full range of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction techniques, plus fixation devices, rehabilitation, revision ACLR surgery, and much more! Covers the latest clinical and technical information on pain control, genetics and biologics, the use of ultrasound, and much more. Features dozens of new chapters that offer up-to-date information on pain control after ACLR, single vs. double bundle repairs, genetics and collagen type, all-inside techniques, biologics, pediatrics, ACL ganglion cysts, prognosis for ACLR success, allografts vs. autografts, and more. Provides the experience and insight of a "dream team" of ACL experts, including James Andrews on sports medicine, Frank Noyes on HTO and ACLR, and Andrew Amis on the benefits of the older femoral tunnel placement technique.

Download or read book Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement written by Charles Rivière and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery

Download or read book Understanding and Preventing Noncontact ACL Injuries written by American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine and published by Human Kinetics Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grade level: 11, 12, i, s, t.

Download or read book The Posterior Cruciate Ligament written by Michael Strobel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rotatory Knee Instability written by Volker Musahl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to equip the reader with the knowledge and tools required for provision of individualized ACL treatment based on the best available evidence. All major aspects of the assessment of rotatory knee instability are addressed in depth. A historical overview of arthrometers, both invasive and non-invasive, is provided, and newly developed devices for the measurement of rotatory knee laxity are considered. Recent advances with respect to the pivot shift test are explained and evidence offered to support a standardized pivot shift test and non-invasive quantification of the pivot shift. Specific surgical techniques for rotatory laxity are described, with presentation of the experience from several world-renowned centers. In addition, functional rehabilitation and “return to play” are discussed. In keeping with the emphasis on an individualized approach, the book highlights individualization of surgical reconstruction techniques in accordance with the specific injury pattern and grade of rotatory knee laxity as well as the use of individualized rehabilitation techniques. Numerous high-quality images illustrate key points and clear take-home messages are provided.

Download or read book Hand Bone Age written by Vicente Gilsanz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past, determination of bone maturity relied on visual evaluation of skeletal development in the hand and wrist, most commonly using the Greulich and Pyle atlas. The Gilsanz and Ratib digital atlas takes advantage of digital imaging and provides a more effective and objective approach to assessment of skeletal maturity. The atlas integrates the key morphological features of ossification in the bones of the hand and wrist and provides idealized, sex- and age-specific images of skeletal development New to this revised second edition is a description and user manual for Bone Age for iPad®, iPhone® and iPod touch®, which can be purchased and used separately from this book. The App can be easily employed to calculate the deviation of the patient’s age from the normal range and to predict a possible growth delay. This easy-to-use atlas and the related App will be invaluable for radiologists, endocrinologists, and pediatricians and also relevant to forensic physicians.

Download or read book Science Theory and Clinical Application in Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy Applied Science and Theory written by Ola Grimsby and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008-09-16 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long awaited textbook from The Ola Grimsby Institute provides decades of clinical experience and reasoning, with both historical and current evidence, with rationale for both passive and active treatments in orthopaedic manual therapy. Practical guidelines for joint mobilization and exercise rehabilitation are presented with this logical and exciting work. Incorporating experience and science, this book provides new approaches and treatment principles to make what you already do more effective. Extensive Content: Over 535 pages and 275 illustrations, photographs and tables Ola Grimsby and his co-authors have compiled a significant resource for the practicing physical therapist, manual therapist or osteopath.

Download or read book Current Concepts in ACL Reconstruction written by Freddie H. Fu and published by SLACK Incorporated. This book was released on 2008 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From evaluation to outcome, Current Concepts in ACL Reconstruction will help you keep pace with the latest techniques for the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. This text provides the most complete and up-to-date information for the surgical reconstruction of a torn ACL including details about the newer double-bundle procedure. Both American and international perspectives on the treatment of ACL injuries are included to provide the most comprehensive review on the market today. Inside this richly illustrated text, Drs. Freddie H. Fu and Steven B. Cohen along with contributions from the world's most experienced knee surgeons review the basic science, kinematic, imaging, and injury patterns surrounding the ACL. Surgical concepts, various techniques for reconstruction, and diverse opinions on approaching the ACL are also included. Current Concepts in ACL Reconstruction explains the anatomical basis in order to provide the most current surgical principles to ensure the patient receives the best surgical outcomes. To reflect recent advancements in ACL treatment, the emerging double-bundle technique is comprehensively covered. The differences between the single- and double-bundle techniques are discussed with perspectives from leading international experts in double-bundle reconstruction. An accompanying video CD-ROM demonstrates the various procedures mentioned throughout the text. In addition, several of the world's most experienced surgeons provide their perspective from what they have learned by performing ACL surgery for over 25 years, along with their insight into the future treatment of ACL injuries. What you will want to learn more about: - Differences between single- and double-bundle reconstruction techniques - Outcomes of single- and double-bundle reconstruction - Pediatric ACL reconstruction - Gender differences in ACL injury - Radiographic imaging - Computer navigation assistance for ACL reconstruction - Injury patterns of the ACL - Graft choices in ACL surgery - Revision ACL surgery - Postoperative rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction - Outcome measures to assess success after surgery Current Concepts in ACL Reconstruction answers the need for a comprehensive information source on the treatment of ACL injuries. Orthopedic residents and surgeons will be prepared with this thorough review of ACL reconstruction by their side.

Download or read book Science and Application of High Intensity Interval Training written by Laursen, Paul and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2019 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The popularity of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), which consists primarily of repeated bursts of high-intensity exercise, continues to soar because its effectiveness and efficiency have been proven in use by both elite athletes and general fitness enthusiasts. Surprisingly, few resources have attempted to explain both the science behind the HIIT movement and its sport-specific application to athlete training. That’s why Science and Application of High-Intensity Interval Training is a must-have resource for sport coaches, strength and conditioning professionals, personal trainers, and exercise physiologists, as well as for researchers and sport scientists who study high-intensity interval training.

Download or read book The Effect of Exercise on the Biomechanical Determinants of Knee Energy Absorption During Single leg Jump cuts written by Anne E. Pollard and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anterior cruciate ligament injuries are common in a wide variety of sports and most frequently occur during activities requiring rapid deceleration such as landing and cutting. Deceleration of the body's center of mass during movement results primarily from eccentric muscle contraction. This type of contraction serves to absorb energy from the whole-body system with the magnitude of energy absorbed directly related to the internal joint moment and the joint angular velocity. There is substantial evidence to demonstrate that following exercise females land with lesser knee flexion which may increase their risk for ACL injury. However, it is not known whether this change in knee position is a compensatory mechanism to overcome a reduction in quadriceps moment producing capacity that occurs during sustained exercise. It is possible that a more extended knee position is used after exercise in order to allow for greater knee flexion angular velocity so that the magnitude of knee energy absorption (EA) during landing can be maintained. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to: 1) evaluate the influence of exercise on the magnitude of knee EA during a single-leg jump-cut and, and 2) identify whether exercise influences the individual biomechanical determinants (internal knee moment and knee angular velocity) of knee EA. Forty recreationally active females performed single-leg jump-cuts before and after a standardized 30-minute exercise protocol. From recorded motion capture and ground reaction force data, the magnitude of knee EA, mean internal knee extension moment, and mean knee flexion angular velocity during the initial 100 milliseconds of landing were calculated. Despite no change in knee flexion angle at initial contact, females landed with 10% lesser knee EA following the exercise protocol. The lesser EA was the result of a 14% reduction in mean internal knee extension moment coupled with an 8% reduction in mean knee flexion angular velocity post-exercise. The results suggest that females utilized a stiffer landing strategy with lesser knee EA after sustained exercise. While the magnitude of the EA reduction observed during the single-leg jump-cut is probably not clinically meaningful, it is likely that the adoption of a stiffer landing strategy following exercise during more demanding movement tasks might result in increased loading of static structures and greater lower extremity injury risk.

Download or read book Methods In Biomechanics and Bionics written by Zhen Luo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-02 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: