Download or read book Evaluation of Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers on Corn Production Systems in the Mid South written by Shanice M. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen Fertilizer Management of Temporarily Waterlogged Soils to Improve Corn Production and Reduce Environmental Nitrogen Loss written by Brendan A. Zurweller and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intense precipitation events during the corn growing season on poorly-drained soils in the Midwestern United States can result in yield loss due to abiotic plant stress and nitrogen fertilizer loss associated with flooding. Nitrogen loss from soils also has environmental implications if nitrate reaches surfaces waters or gaseous nitrous oxide emissions occur. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of soil flooding on enhanced efficiency pre-plant and post-flooding nitrogen fertilizer applications on corn production and soil nitrogen availability/loss. Results of this research show that a 50% reduction in soil nitrate can occur after one day of flooding, and large pulses of nitrous oxide emissions can occur in a short time period when soils are flooded. In the 2012 growing season, slight advantages were observed with the use of enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers and a post-flood nitrogen fertilizer application. A significant loss of corn grain yield was observed after three days of flooding in 2013. These results indicate that saturated soil conditions can have both economic and environmental impacts and there is a need for future research to address both drainage and nitrogen management strategies for possible applications to farmers.
Download or read book Evaluation of a Nitrification Inhibitor for Improving Corn Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency on Irrigated Sands written by Michael John Mlynarek and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Predicting N Fertilizer Needs for Corn in Humid Regions written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impacts of Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers on Yield scaled N2O Emissions in Illinois Maize written by Rebecca Faye Graham and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nitrogen Fertilizers for Corn written by Lloyd Dumenil and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Lack of nitrogen limits corn production on most Iowa soils. Many Iowa farmers can use nitrogen fertilizer profitably, our experiments show. As the supply increases, much more nitrogen fertilizer will be used -- on a larger number of acres and at higher rates per acre. Many of you have used nitrogen fertilizer on corn. But many more of you will be using nitrogen in the future. The Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station has conducted over 200 experiments with nitrogen fertilizer on cornfields over the state since 1943. It is the purpose of this bulletin to give you the information gathered from these experiments along with pointers to help you use nitrogen profitably on your cornfields." p. [837]
Download or read book Evaluation of Growth and Nitrogen Contribution of Cover Crops in Sweet Corn Production Systems written by Betsy M. O'Toole and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Final Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Irrigation Water and Nitrogen Fertilizer in Corn Production written by Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Increasing Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Corn Production Systems Quantifying Effects of Quality of Soil Structure and Water Regimes written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of the research reported in this paper was to develop measures of the quality of soil structure for the mineralization of organic nitrogen and for the uptake of mineral nitrogen by corn. Plant & microbiological response to varying water contents in soils of different structure were used to define measures of the quality of soil structure. Plant response was characterized in controlled environments using gas exchange measurements. Microbiological response was characterized using measurements of net nitrogen mineralization after incubating the soil under controlled environment with & without an amendment of red clover residue. Measurements with plants were made at different stages of plant development from early vegetative to grain-filling and under different water regimes. The study results demonstrated the utility of characterizing the structural quality of soils using least-limiting water ranges derived from a combination of plant-derived gas exchange measurements and measurements of net nitrogen mineralization. The long term goal of the research is to use measure of the quality of soil structure & water regimes, in conjunction with measures of potentially available nitrogen, to develop more accurate recommendations for fertilizer nitrogen applications and thereby increase nitrogen use efficiency.
Download or read book Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Corn Zea Mays L Under Water Table Management written by Ajay Singh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Drainage and water table management are essential for crop production in humid regions. Water table management not only increases crop yield, but also reduces nitrate leaching to water bodies. This study investigated the water and nitrogen use efficiency of corn under two water management conditions and three nitrogen fertilizer levels. The sap flow heat balance method was used to measure the daily water uptake of corn, over an extended period of the growing season. The impacts of climate change on grain corn and biomass yield in eastern Canada under tile drained conditions was also evaluated over a 30 year future period (2040 to 2069). The study was conducted at a field scale in 2008 and 2009 at St. Emmanuel, Quebec. The two water management conditions were: conventional drainage (FD), and controlled drainage with subirrigation (CD-SI). The three nitrogen (N) fertilizer treatments (low, medium, and high N) were applied in a strip across three blocks. The seasonal water balance indicated that the plants in the CD-SI plots had more water than required in the wet periods, despite the system automation, while the FD plots exhibited deficit water conditions. Water could be saved in the wet periods by better regulating water supplied by subirrigation. However, in dry years, the CD-SI system increased yield. The grain corn water use efficiency (WUE) for FD plots was 2.49 and 2.46 kg m-3, in 2008 and 2009, respectively. In these years, the grain WUE for CD-SI plots was 2.43 and 2.26 kg m-3. Water management treatments demonstrated significant difference (p 0.05) in grain yields in 2009, at low and high nitrogen levels. However, at the medium nitrogen level, water management demonstrated no significant effect (p 0.05) on grain yields. The two water treatments had no effect on the above-ground dry biomass yields in both years. Mean nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of grain corn and biomass varied from 27 to 99 kg kg-1. Highest NUE (99 kg kg-1) was observed under low N (~120 kg N ha-1) and lowest NUE (41 kg kg-1) occurred in the high N (~260 kg N ha-1). This might be due to higher nitrogen losses due to leaching, residual nitrogen in the soil, and more denitrification in high N plots. The rate of plant water uptake measured by the sap flow method, varied from 3.55 to 5.11 mm d-1 from silking to full dent stage of corn growth. These rates were consistent with ETc calculated by the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method (3.70 to 5.93 mm d-1) for both years. Although, silking is considered as a critical stage for corn growth, water demand was highest at the milk stage (45.63 to 59.80 mm). Transpiration during this stage constituted 10 to12% of the total water requirement of the corn for the season. The silking to full dent stage accounted for approximately 40% of the total water requirement of the crop. The STICS (JavaStics v1.0) crop model was used to examine the impacts of climate change, under the B1 emissions scenario, on corn yield from 2040-2069. The model was calibrated using 2008 field measured data, and then validated using the 2009 data set. Corn grain yield was underestimated by 1.5 to 2.6 Mg ha-1 for the two years of measurement. Total dry biomass was also underestimated by 0.9 to 2.6 Mg ha-1. Simulations for the B1 emissions scenario using synthetic weather data was run under the same crop conditions as in 2008. Tukey's studentized range (HSD) test of corn grain yield indicated that yields at high and low N, and high and medium N were different at the 95% confidence level. Grain and biomass production from 2040-2069 under B1 emissions scenario responded differently (p 0.05) for the three N treatments. However, the Mann-Kendall test showed neither increasing nor decreasing trend (MK-stat - 1.96) at a 95% confidence level. " --
Download or read book On farm Evaluations of Nitrogen Management for Corn Production with Precision Farming Technologies written by Bradley Wilbert Van De Woestyne and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guidelines, or recommendations, for nitrogen (N) management in the Corn Belt are important to corn producers because fertilizer N must be applied for profitable corn production, because profit margins are narrow, and because N fertilization has been linked to local and regional water quality problems. Producers rely on these recommendations because it has been impractical for individuals to identify optimal rates, times, and methods of N fertilization for corn. Precision farming technologies, however, enable organized networks of crop producers to evaluate management practices used on their farms and within regions. These technologies and on-farm trials were used to assess optimal rates of spring-applied and sidedressed N, assess the benefits of using a nitrification inhibitor, and assess the ability of injected liquid swine manure to supply N needed for corn growth. The results showed optimal rates of N were less than currently recommended rates, nitrification inhibitors did not increase profits for producers in central Iowa, and injected liquid swine manure at normal rates supplied adequate amounts of N for plant growth. The results suggest that current recommendations could be substantially improved. The results document that organized networks of producers working together can evaluate and improve nitrogen management and thereby increase their profits while reducing environmental problems associated with N fertilization.
Download or read book Improving Fertilizer Nitrogen Use Efficiency Using Alternative Legume Interseeding in Continuous Corn Production Systems written by Dale Alan Keahey and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Evolution Adaptation and Yield written by L. T. Evans and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-05-02 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this major 1993 work, Lloyd Evans provides an integrated view of the domestication, adaptation and improvement of crop plants, bringing together genetic diversity, plant breeding, physiology and aspects of agronomy. Considerations of yield and maximum yield provide continuity throughout the book. Food, feed, fibre, fuel and pharmaceutical crops are all discussed. Cereals, grain legumes and root crops, both temperate and tropical, provide many of the examples, but pasture plants, oilseeds, leafy crops, fruit trees and others are also considered. After the introductory chapter, the increasing significance of crop yields to the world's food supply is highlighted. The next three chapters consider changes to crop plants over the last ten thousand years, including domestication, adaptation and improvement. Aimed at research workers and advanced students in crop physiology and ecology, agronomy and plant breeding, this book also reaches conclusions of relevance to those concerned with developmental policy, agricultural research and management, environmental quality, resource depletion and human history.
Download or read book Effect of Slow Release Nitrogen Fertilizers on Corn Production in Iowa written by Marianela González and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Slow and controlled release fertilizers have often been used to prevent N loss through leaching. Recently, new slow release fertilizers have been developed and their potential use in corn production is an alternative to increase N efficiency. An incubation study was performed to measure and compare the release rates from two urea-formaldehyde (UF) liquid resins and conventional urea. Four different representative soils from corn production areas of Iowa were collected. The soils were classified as: Harps (Typic Calciaquoll), Nicollet (Aquic Hapludoll), Okoboji (Cumulic Hapluquoll) and Sac (Oxyaquic Hapludoll). Soil samples (10 g) were amended with solutions containing rates of N equivalent to 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha−1 of urea and the UF materials and incubated at 20 0C for 0, 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days. At the end of the respective incubation periods each sample was analyzed for nitrate-N (NO3-N) and ammonium-N (NH4-N). The results obtain showed that UF fertilizers might not meet the N requirements for corn production in Iowa due to the low percentage N recoveries (60 - 80% N) observed. The soils had different release rates mainly affected by pH and organic matter content. A two year trial was conducted to asses the effect of a polymer-coated urea (ESN) fertilizer upon corn biomass and grain N uptake and yield when applied in the fall or spring. Nitrogen fertilizer rates used for urea and ESN treatments were 0, 34, 67, 101, 135, 168 and 200 kg N/ha. The results obtained showed that corn biomass was not affected by the use of ESN or urea in particular. Biomass weight and N uptake tended to respond to N rates in some treatments. Grain yield always increased with N rate. However the effect of ESN and urea application varied from one year to the next and among locations.
Download or read book Nitrogen Management of Corn with Sensor Technology written by Andrew Neil Tucker and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corn (Zea mays) is an important cereal crop in Kansas primarily used as livestock feed for cattle in the feedlots, and there has been increased use of corn for ethanol production as well. According to the USDA National Agriculture Statistics approximately 1.7 million hectares of corn is planted each year in Kansas, with an average yield ranging from 5,750-7,750 kg ha[superscript]-1 within the last five years (2005-2009). With this variability in yield and volatility of crop and fertilizer prices over that same period, it seems logical that optimum nitrogen or N rates may vary. A series of 14 field experiments were conducted across Kansas from 2006 through 2009 to address this issue. Specific experiments included: evaluating optimum N rates from side-dressing nitrogen fertilizer; timing of nitrogen application, pre-plant vs. split applications and normal side-dress V-6-V-9 vs. late side-dress V-14-V-16; N response of corn to a late side-dress of nitrogen fertilizer; and the evaluation of optical sensors for making in season N recommendations. The specific objectives of this research were to: a. Determine the optimum N application rate and timing to optimize corn grain yields in different corn producing regions in Kansas. b. Confirm or revise the current K-State soil test based N recommendation system for corn. c. Evaluate N management strategies using the GreenSeeker, Crop Circle, and SPAD meter, crop sensors. d. Develop draft GreenSeeker, Crop Circle, and SPAD sensor algorithms for producers to use. Grain corn yields were responsive to N at all but 3 sites. Grain yields obtained at the sites ranged from 3,460 to 15,480 kg ha[superscript]-1. Optimum N rates varied from 0 to 246 kg N ha[superscript]-1. This work suggests that current K-State N fertilizer recommendations for corn need revisions due to over recommendation of N. Including different coefficients for irrigated and dry land corn along with N recovery terms would create a more accurate N recommendation system that more closely reflects the results obtained in these experiments, and provide a significant improvement over the current system. The optical sensors used in this study were effective at making N recommendations for corn. These sensors can be a valuable tool for producers to use and determine in season N status of corn.
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
