Download or read book Evaluation of Crosses Among High and Low Yielding Spring Wheats Based on Random Line Performance written by Joel C. Janke and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yield Gains in Wheat by Three Methods of Selection written by Seitzer, Josef Franz and published by 1974.. This book was released on 1974 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three crosses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), differing in degree of heterosis were chosen to compare the efficiency of three methods of selection for identifying high yielding late generation lines. The three methods compared were (1) a pedigree method where visual selection was practiced in F3, (2) an early generation yield test where F3 plots were compared to adjacent controls, and (3) an early generation yield test wherein replicated tests with hill plots were used to evaluate the yield potential of F3 families. The efficiency of these methods was evaluated in F5. One hundred and eighty lines derived from 45, 6 and 3 selected F3 lines in methods (1), (2) and (3) respectively, were grown at each of 2 locations. Comparisons among crosses were made for mean yield, variances among F3 families and among F5 lines within F3 families, actual line yield and line yield relative to the control variety. The methods did not differ significantly with regard to mean yield, variances and line yield. Significant differences between methods were obtained in two crosses when line yields were compared to the control. In cross I, all three methods of selection were effective in recovering lines outyielding the control, but the control plot method retained the most. In cross II none of the methods was successful in identifying lines which exceeded the control. In cross III the hill plot method isolated significantly more lines than the pedigree method and was slightly better than the control plot method of selection. Both crosses I and III were more heterotic than cross II. It was concluded that early testing may have an advantage when dealing with crosses of lower yield potential.
Download or read book The Ninth Regional Wheat Workshop written by and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 1996 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Yield Gains in Wheat by Three Methods of Selection written by Josef F. Seitzer and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three crosses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), differing in degree of heterosis were chosen to compare the efficiency of three methods of selection for identifying high yielding late generation lines. The three methods compared were (1) a pedigree method where visual selection was practiced in F3, (2) an early generation yield test where F3 plots were compared to adjacent controls, and (3) an early generation yield test wherein replicated tests with hill plots were used to evaluate the yield potential of F3 families. The efficiency of these methods was evaluated in F5. One hundred and eighty lines derived from 45, 6 and 3 selected F3 lines in methods (1), (2) and (3) respectively, were grown at each of 2 locations. Comparisons among crosses were made for mean yield, variances among F3 families and among F5 lines within F3 families, actual line yield and line yield relative to the control variety. The methods did not differ significantly with regard to mean yield, variances and line yield. Significant differences between methods were obtained in two crosses when line yields were compared to the control. In cross I, all three methods of selection were effective in recovering lines outyielding the control, but the control plot method retained the most. In cross II none of the methods was successful in identifying lines which exceeded the control. In cross III the hill plot method isolated significantly more lines than the pedigree method and was slightly better than the control plot method of selection. Both crosses I and III were more heterotic than cross II. It was concluded that early testing may have an advantage when dealing with crosses of lower yield potential.
Download or read book Crosses of Spring by Winter Wheats written by Daniel Jeffrey Brotslaw and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Science written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crop Science is the normal channel for publication of papers in plant genetics; breeding; cytology; metabolism; physiology; ecology, turfgrass; weed science; crop quality, production, and utilization, and cell biology and molecular genetics; and plant genetic resources.
Download or read book Determination of Characters for Yield Selection in Spring Wheat Breeding Programs written by Peter B. E. McVetty and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three crosses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) currently included in the University of Manitoba wheat breeding program were used to evaluate the use of physiological and/or morphological parameters alone or in combination on F2 plants or F3 families as selection criteria to identify high yielding F4 bulks. The F2 generation was handled as spaced plants grown in the field in two types of environments, (a) a stress-free environment and (b) a normal environment. Approximately 200 plants of each cross were measured for physiological, morphological, yield component and phenological traits as well as being visually rated for yield potential by 5 selectors. a reandom 50-seed sample from each of these plants was sent to Mexico in the winter of 1976-77 to generate F4 bulks. Groups of 49 for stress-free and 81 for normal environment grown F2's were returned from Mexico as F4 bulks to be yield - tested in a six - replicate partially balanced lattice design. The same 49 and 81 groups as tested in F4 were grown simultaneously from F3 remnant seed in the summer of 1977. The results indicated that the most common single F2 parameter which identified high yield potential in F2 was visual yield selection, however the selection intensity had to be low in order to retain a majority of the high yielding lines. A multiple regression analysis approach on a cross - specific basis was found to be better than a single F2 parameter approach because a majority of the high yielding lines could be retained with a much higher selection intensity. The results were simmilar for the F3 generation. A combined cross analysis using multiple regression indicated that productivity and peduncle length in F2 were the two most important common parameters. A prediction of high yielding lines based on these two parameters retained in excess of one - third of the high yielding lines with high selection intensity. However, no acceptable common parameters were found in F3 and it was concluded that replicated F3 yield tests would be more suitable in such cases. Harvest index evaluation in a productivity and height framework retained a majority of the high yielding lines while allowing a selection intensity of approximately 15%. This technique involved the use of an optimum harvest index in productivity and height extremes of statistically characterized populations. It is concluded that the harvest index - productivity - height approach to selection will enhance the effectiveness of plant breeders in their search for high yield in spring wheat.
Download or read book Determination of Characters for Yield Selection in Spring Wheat Breeding Programs written by Peter B. E. McVetty and published by 1978.. This book was released on 1978 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three crosses of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) currently included in the University of Manitoba wheat breeding program were used to evaluate the use of physiological and/or morphological parameters alone or in combination on F2 plants or F3 families as selection criteria to identify high yielding F4 bulks. The F2 generation was handled as spaced plants grown in the field in two types of environments, (a) a stress-free environment and (b) a normal environment. Approximately 200 plants of each cross were measured for physiological, morphological, yield component and phenological traits as well as being visually rated for yield potential by 5 selectors. a reandom 50-seed sample from each of these plants was sent to Mexico in the winter of 1976-77 to generate F4 bulks. Groups of 49 for stress-free and 81 for normal environment grown F2's were returned from Mexico as F4 bulks to be yield - tested in a six - replicate partially balanced lattice design. The same 49 and 81 groups as tested in F4 were grown simultaneously from F3 remnant seed in the summer of 1977. The results indicated that the most common single F2 parameter which identified high yield potential in F2 was visual yield selection, however the selection intensity had to be low in order to retain a majority of the high yielding lines. A multiple regression analysis approach on a cross - specific basis was found to be better than a single F2 parameter approach because a majority of the high yielding lines could be retained with a much higher selection intensity. The results were simmilar for the F3 generation. A combined cross analysis using multiple regression indicated that productivity and peduncle length in F2 were the two most important common parameters. A prediction of high yielding lines based on these two parameters retained in excess of one - third of the high yielding lines with high selection intensity. However, no acceptable common parameters were found in F3 and it was concluded that replicated F3 yield tests would be more suitable in such cases. Harvest index evaluation in a productivity and height framework retained a majority of the high yielding lines while allowing a selection intensity of approximately 15%. This technique involved the use of an optimum harvest index in productivity and height extremes of statistically characterized populations. It is concluded that the harvest index - productivity - height approach to selection will enhance the effectiveness of plant breeders in their search for high yield in spring wheat.
Download or read book Selection Methods in Plant Breeding written by Izak Bos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our requirement for plant breeders to be successful has never been greater. However one views the forecasted numbers for future population growth we will need, in the immediate future, to be feeding, clothing and housing many more people than we do, inadequately, at present. Plant breeding represents the most valuable strategy in increasing our productivity in a way that is sustainable and environmentally sensitive. Plant breeding can rightly be considered as one of the oldest multidisciplin ary subjects that is known to humans. It was practised by people who first started to carry out a settled form of agriculture. The art, as it must have been at that stage, was applied without any formal underlying framework, but achieved dramatic results, as witnessed by the forms of cultivated plants we have today. We are now learning how to apply successfully the results of yet imperfect scientific knowledge. This knowledge is, however, rapidly develop ing, particularly in areas of tissue culture, biotechnology and molecular biology. Plant breeding's inherent multifaceted nature means that alongside obvious subject areas like genetics we also need to consider areas such as: statistics, physiology, plant pathology, entomology, biochemistry, weed science, quality, seed characteristics, reproductive biology, trial design, se lection and computing.
Download or read book Plant Breeding Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Symposium on Wheat Yield Potential written by Reynolds, M.P. and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2008 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Random Intermating Before Selection in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by David Wayne Altman and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inheritance and Association of Earliness and Grain Yield in Four Winter X Spring Wheat Crosses Triticum Aestivum L Em Thell written by Ahmet Ertug Firat and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parental and segregating populations derived from four winter x spring wheat crosses were investigated to obtain information concerning the inheritance and association of earliness, grain yield and yieldrelated traits. Feasibility of selecting in early generations for these characteristics was also evaluated. Four winter wheat cultivars (Hyslop, Yamhill, Bezostaia 1, and Sprague) and one spring wheat cultivar (Inia 66) were chosen on the basis of their relative maturity and contrasting agronomic characteristics. Parents, F1 s, F2' s, and reciprocal backcrosses to both parents were planted in the fall in a space-planted randomized complete block design. The two environmentally diverse locations selected were the Hyslop Agronomy Farm, Corvallis, Oregon (1000 mm of rainfall) and Sherman Experimental Station, Moro, Oregon (250 mm of rainfall). The effectiveness of early generation selection for the measured characteristics was evaluated by growing F3 lines identified as the earliest 1% and the highest yielding 1% of F2 individuals in each cross. These were grown along with the parents, F1s, BC1 s, BC2 s and F2' s under space-planted conditions at Hyslop Agronomy Farm. A study with the same populations was conducted by vernalizing and planting in the spring to gain further information on earliness. Analyses of variance were conducted for all characteristics measured. Frequency distributions for days to heading of F1, F2, backcross generations and parents were examined. From the data collected, estimates of F 1 -midparent deviations, degree of dominance, heritability in the narrow sense and genetic advance under selection were determined for each cross. The data were further analyzed by parent-progeny regression, correlation and path-coefficient analyses, polynomial and multiple regressions. Partially dominant major genes, varying in number between one to five depending on the particular cross, appeared to influence heading date. Modifying factors also seemed to affect the date of heading. The gene action involved in the inheritance of earliness was primarily additive indicating that selection for earliness would be effective as early as the F2 generation under both high and low rainfall conditions. Estimates of additive and nonadditive gene action suggested both were equally important in determining the yield components. Higher heritability estimates for the components of yield indicated that there was more genetic variability associated with the yield components than yield per se. Occurrence of additive genetic variation by location interaction implied that selection should be practiced simultaneously under different environments if wide adaptability of potential lines is desired. Since pronounced additive effect by year interactions occurred for the yield components, delayed selection for these traits may not be productive. Positive correlations were obtained between yield and the number of days to heading when all generations were combined. However, in the F2 generations, it appeared possible to select for the desired earliness with high yields as indicated by the low association between these two traits. The path-coefficient analyses suggested that tiller number had the highest direct effect on grain yield. However, because of a negative association between tiller number and kernel weight, selection pressures would have to be balanced between these two components. In most cases, linear relationships existed between grain yield and seven measured traits, respectively. The result of regression analyses also showed that grain yield may be described best as a linear function of its components.
Download or read book Evaluation of Four Quality Factors in a Selected Winter X Spring Wheat Cross Triticum Aestivum Vill Host written by Karen Sue Schumaker and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature of the genetic variation associated with a cross involving winter and spring wheat parents for four quality factors was evaluated. Yamhill, a soft white winter wheat, and Inia 66, a hard red spring wheat, were selected as parents for this study. They represented distinctly different phenotypes for the attributes measured. Parents, F1, F2 and reciprocal backcrosses were examined for protein and lysine content, kernel hardness, and sedimentation value. Significant differences were observed between the two parents for protein content. The F1 mean was lower than the low protein parent with the F2 mean intermediate between the two parents. This latter factor plus a high narrow sense heritability estimate suggest that the genetic variation associated with protein content was largely due to genes which act in an additive manner. Backcrosses to either parent shifted the population toward the mean of the recurrent parent. Transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 for both low and high protein content suggesting that selection for this trait should be effective in early generations. Parents differed significantly for lysine content with the winter parent, Yamhill displaying lysine values approaching the highest previously reported for wheat. Intermediate F1 and F2 population means and a high narrow sense heritability estimate suggest the genes involved function in an additive manner. The backcross progeny to Yamhill had a mean value approaching that of the recurrent parent. No transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 for lysine content higher than Yamhill. It appears that lysine content in this cross is qualitatively inherited and that selection for improved lysine content above Yamhill appears limited. The genetic variation associated with kernel hardness appears to be largely additive with F1 and F2 means intermediate between the two parents and a high narrow sense heritability estimate. Transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 generation for both soft and hard kernel types. Selection for this trait should be effective in early generations. Significant differences were observed for the parental types for sedimentation value. The F1 and F2 means were below the midparent value. No transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 for either low or high sedimentation value. One backcross to the low sedimentation parent brought the population back to the low parent mean. One backcross to the high sedimentation parent shifted the population toward the recurrent parent but no individuals were recovered that approached the high parent. From this study it appears that selection for high sedimentation value types would be very difficult. Evidence provided in this study supports the concept that winter x spring crosses can provide useable genetic variation for desirable quality factors.
Download or read book Wheat written by Brett F. Carver and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-06-23 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat: Science and Trade is an up-to-date, comprehensive reference work designed to expand the current body of knowledge on this staple crop, incorporating new information made available by genetic advances, improvements in the understanding of wheat's biology, and changes in the wheat trade industry. Covering phylogeny and ontogeny, manipulation of the environment and optimal management, genetic improvement, and utilization and commercialization, the book focuses on the most economically significant diseases and impacts
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aegilops Promising Genesources to Improve Agronomical and Quality Traits of Wheat written by Peter Shewry and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
