Download or read book Nighttime Guide Sign Legibility for Microprismatic Clearview Legend on High Intensity Background written by Andrew J. Holick and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project was conducted to provide results that the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) could use to help make decisions about their guide sign policies. The specific issues that were addressed include the type of font and retroreflective sheeting that should be specified on guide signs ranging from large shoulder-mounted freeway guide signs, to medium-sized guide signs such as destination and distance signs, and even including small guide signs such as county road name signs. The researchers performed a nighttime legibility study using a total of 30 subjects divided into three age groups.
Download or read book Evaluation of the Clearview Font for Negative Contrast Traffic Signs written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Guide Sign Fonts written by Jeffrey D. Miles and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers at Texas A & M Transportation Institute completed a study of E-Modified, Enhanced E-Modified, and Clearview 5W for overhead and shoulder-mounted guide signs. The overhead guide signs consisted of three 6-letter, 16-inch tall font words stacked over each other at a standard spacing. The test word was on the middle line and had a leading uppercase letter followed by a combination of lowercase ascender and neutral letters, lowercase descender and neutral letters, or all lowercase neutral letters. The word on the top line was "Paying," and the word on the lower line was "Likely." These words were chosen such that the descender and ascender letters encroached on the test words to evaluate the impact of interline spacing. The shoulder-mounted signs consisted of two-digit numbers. Both the word and number legends were chosen to have similar footprints to minimize the likelihood of guessing based on recognition rather than legibility. Legibility distance data were recorded for each word read; however, the researchers completed the analysis based on the legibility index (LI), which is the legibility distance divided by the legend height. A detailed table of previous research is provided in LI values for cross comparison. Similar to previous research, there were mean LI values in some instances for Enhanced E-Modified and Clearview 5W that were larger than E-Modified; however, none of them were statistically significant. The only statistically significant differences reported were with respect to subject age (e.g., 18-35, and 65+) and day versus night, and at night within Clearview 5W with respect to legend type. The mean LI were 68.9 and 45.2 for 18-35 versus 65+ participants in the daytime condition, respectively, and 50.2 and 36.4 for 18-35 versus 65+ participants in the nighttime condition, respectively. It was shown that the cost to implement Clearview 5W would be more expensive than E-Modified, so it was recommended that future research focus on evaluating Clearview 5WR.
Download or read book Transportation Research Record written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Functional Performance in Older Adults written by Bette R Bonder and published by F.A. Davis. This book was released on 2008-10-31 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal resource for rehabilitation professionals who are working with or preparing to work with older adults! It describes the normal aging process, illustrates how health and social factors can impede an aging person’s abilities, and demonstrates how to develop mechanisms for maximizing the well-being of older adults.
Download or read book Emergency Vehicle Visibility and Conspicuity Study written by and published by FEMA. This book was released on with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Evaluation of Unlighted Overhead Guide Signs Using Older Drivers written by Helmut T. Zwahlen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty older drivers, aged 63 to 81 (average 72.1), with corrected visual acuity ranging from 20/20 to 20/29 (average 20/25), evaluated six sign material and lighting combinations under nighttime conditions on US Route 30 near Mansfield, Ohio. The tested material combinations, all unlighted unless noted otherwise, were (legend on background) beaded Type III on beaded Type III, lighted beaded Type III on beaded Type III, Type VIII on microprismatic Type III, Type IX on beaded Type III, Type IX on Type IX, and Type VII on beaded Type III. Evaluators sat in the passenger seat and middle center seat of a 2002 Dodge Caravan. Headlights were kept on low beam. The evaluation loop was driven twice, once approaching signs in the left lane, and once approaching in the right lane. The evaluators completed questionnaires regarding sign visibility, legibility, and appearance after driving under each sign group and also an exit interview on the same topics at the end of the evaluation. Based on questionnaire responses, the highest rated sign groups in terms of legibility and visibility were Type IX on Type IX and Type VII on beaded Type III, which in the exit interview were deemed acceptable for nighttime use by 80% and 65% of evaluators, respectively. In contrast, the lighted beaded Type III on beaded Type III sign, representing existing signing practice in Ohio, was deemed acceptable by only 40-45% of evaluators. The Type VIII on microprismatic Type III sign performed about as well as the lighted sign group, receiving higher scores on the relevant questions on the Exit Interview (60% for legibility, 55% for visibility), but performing worse on the Sign Evaluation Forms. The Type IX on beaded Type III, a favored option in the previous study, performed noticeably still worse, and the unlighted beaded Type III on beaded Type III had the worst performance overall, as was the case in the previous study. Given that the Type IX on Type IX and Type VII on beaded Type III was clearly favored by evaluators over the lighted sign group, it appears that switching from lighted signs to unlighted signs using Type VII on beaded Type III or Type IX on Type IX materials may represent an actual improvement for older drivers, in addition to having benefits in terms of saving on electricity, lighting maintenance costs, and worker/traffic hazards. With the greater needs of older drivers, the use at short distance of Type IX on Type IX signs instead of the previously suggested Type IX on beaded Type III is recommended.
Download or read book Nighttime Legibility of Ground mounted Traffic Signs as a Function of Font Color and Retroreflective Sheeting Type written by Susan T. Chrysler and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A closed course nighttime legibility study measured legibility distance for 6-in. letters using Highway Series D and two experimental fonts, Clearview Condensed Road and a D-Modified font. The Clearview font has a thinner stroke width than Series D and was used for white-on-green signs. The D-Modified font has a thicker stroke width than Series D and was used for black letters on white, yellow, and orange backgrounds. Three types of retroreflective sheeting were tested: ASTM Types III, VIII, and IX.
Download or read book Guidelines for Nighttime Visibility of Overhead Signs written by Paul John Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1. Introduction -- chapter 2. Background -- chapter 3. Closed-course study -- chapter 4. Open-Road study -- chapter 5. Research findings -- References -- appendix A. Incremental effects of light sources and sign sheeting on legend luminance for overhead guide signs -- appendix B. Assessment of background complexity using digital images of roadway scenes by image processing -- appendix C. Open-road study details -- appendix D. Guidelines for Nighttime overhead sign visibility.
Download or read book Sign and Pavement Marking Visibility from the Perspective of Commercial Vehicle Drivers written by Melisa Dayle Finley and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Texas, commercial vehicle safety is increasing in priority due to the rising volume of truck traffic and the disproportionate percentage of crashes and fatalities involving large trucks. One particular safety issue is the visibility of signing and pavement markings at night from a commercial vehicle driver's perspective. Through a nighttime controlled field study, the relationship between vehicle type (passenger car versus commercial vehicle) and sign/pavement marking material was evaluated in terms of the legibility distance of signs and the end detection distance of pavement markings. Additional research issues included investigations among sign type (guide, destination, and speed limit) and age (young, middle-aged, and old).
Download or read book Traffic Control Devices Visibility and Rail highway Grade Crossings 2003 written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Standard Alphabets for Highway Signs written by United States. Bureau of Public Roads and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Transportation Engineering Volume II 2e written by Myer Kutz and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2011-03-08 with total page 1100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive transportation engineering resource--fully revised and updated The two-volume Handbook of Transportation Engineering, Second Edition offers practical, comprehensive coverage of the entire transportation engineering field. Featuring 18 new chapters and contributions from nearly 70 leading experts, this authoritative work discusses all types of transportation systems--freight, passenger, air, rail, road, marine, and pipeline--and provides problem-solving engineering, planning, and design tools and techniques with examples of successful applications. Volume II focuses on applications in automobile and non-automobile transportation, and on safety and environmental issues. VOLUME II COVERS: Traffic engineering analysis Traffic origin-destination estimation Traffic congestion Highway capacity Traffic control systems: freeway management and communications Traffic signals Highway sign visibility Transportation lighting Geometric design of streets and highways Intersection and interchange design Pavement engineering: flexible and rigid pavements Pavement testing and evaluation Bridge engineering Tunnel engineering Pedestrians Bicycle transportation Spectrum of automated guideway transit (AGT) and its applications Railway vehicle engineering Railway track design Improvement of railroad yard operations Modern aircraft design techniques Airport design Air traffic control systems design Ship design Pipeline engineering Traffic safety Transportation hazards Hazardous materials transportation Incident management Network security and survivability Optimization of emergency evacuation plans Transportation noise issues Air quality issues in transportation Transportation and climate change
Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.
Download or read book Speed Management written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Report addresses the key issues surrounding traffic speed management and highlights the improvements in policy and operations needed to reduce the extent of speeding.
Download or read book Traffic Engineering Handbook written by ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-26 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Get a complete look into modern traffic engineering solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is a newly revised text that builds upon the reputation as the go-to source of essential traffic engineering solutions that this book has maintained for the past 70 years. The updated content reflects changes in key industry standards, and shines a spotlight on the needs of all users, the design of context-sensitive roadways, and the development of more sustainable transportation solutions. Additionally, this resource features a new organizational structure that promotes a more functionally-driven, multimodal approach to planning, designing, and implementing transportation solutions. A branch of civil engineering, traffic engineering concerns the safe and efficient movement of people and goods along roadways. Traffic flow, road geometry, sidewalks, crosswalks, cycle facilities, shared lane markings, traffic signs, traffic lights, and more—all of these elements must be considered when designing public and private sector transportation solutions. Explore the fundamental concepts of traffic engineering as they relate to operation, design, and management Access updated content that reflects changes in key industry-leading resources, such as the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), AASSHTO Policy on Geometric Design, Highway Safety Manual (HSM), and Americans with Disabilities Act Understand the current state of the traffic engineering field Leverage revised information that homes in on the key topics most relevant to traffic engineering in today's world, such as context-sensitive roadways and sustainable transportation solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is an essential text for public and private sector transportation practitioners, transportation decision makers, public officials, and even upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who are studying transportation engineering.
Download or read book Driver Expectancy in Highway Design and Traffic Operations written by Gerson J. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expectancy relates to a driver's readiness to respond to situations, events, and information in predictable and successful ways. This report describes the concept of driver expectancy in the context of the driving task, and provides examples of expectancy and expectancy violations. It includes a procedure for identifying general and specific expectancy violations to enable engineers to develop remedial treatments to deal with expectancy problems.
