Download or read book Stormwater Biofiltration Systems written by Belinda E. Hatt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Physical Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals Second Edition written by Donald Mackay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-03-14 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport and transformation processes are key for determining how humans and other organisms are exposed to chemicals. These processes are largely controlled by the chemicals’ physical-chemical properties. This new edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is a comprehensive series in four volumes that serves as a reference source for environmentally relevant physical-chemical property data of numerous groups of chemical substances. The handbook contains physical-chemical property data from peer-reviewed journals and other valuable sources on over 1200 chemicals of environmental concern. The handbook contains new data on the temperature dependence of selected physical-chemical properties, which allows scientists and engineers to perform better chemical assessments for climatic conditions outside the 20–25-degree range for which property values are generally reported. This second edition of the Handbook of Physical-Chemical Properties and Environmental Fate for Organic Chemicals is an essential reference for university libraries, regulatory agencies, consultants, and industry professionals, particularly those concerned with chemical synthesis, emissions, fate, persistence, long-range transport, bioaccumulation, exposure, and biological effects of chemicals in the environment. This resource is also available on CD-ROM

Download or read book Xenobiotics in the Urban Water Cycle written by Despo Fatta-Kassinos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-06 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences is an impressive success story. The products of chemical and pharmaceutical industries are present eve- where in our everyday life. They help to pursue the modern way of living and they contribute to our high standard of living and safety, mobility, communication te- nologies, food, health, textiles and drinking water treatment, among many others. These products are labeled under the categories: pharmaceuticals, pesticides, det- gents, fertilizers, dyes, paints, preservatives, food additives and personal care pr- ucts, to name a few. Within these categories, groups of chemicals with similar structures can be found. However, often groups of chemicals with very different structures belong to the same category. For a long time the production of chemicals and pharmaceuticals, their usage and application was connected with the heavy pollution of the environment and serious health effects. At the end of the last century, it was realised that the products of che- cal and pharmaceutical industries are presenting a new type of environmental pol- tion that may also pose a health risk to the consumer. Most chemicals are used in so-called open applications in excessive amounts e. g. for personal care, hygiene, plant protection, health and in textiles. In many cases such as scents, detergents, textile chemicals, surface disinfectants, pesticides and others it is unavoidable that these chemicals are released into the environment according to their intended use.

Download or read book Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions and Some N and S heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of bitumens and their emissions, the N-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benz[a]acridine, benz[c]acridine, dibenz[a,h]acridine, dibenz[a,j]acridine, dibenz[c,h]acridine, carbazole and 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole, as well as the S-hetrocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene and dibenzothiophene. Bitumens are produced by distillation of crude oil during petroleum refining, and also occur naturally. Bitumens can be divided into six broad classes, according to their physical properties and specifications required for different applications. The major use (about 80%) of bitumens is for road paving; other uses include roofing, waterproofing, sealing and painting. The term "bitumen" should not be confused with "asphalt", which refers to the mixture of bitumen (4-10% by weight), small stones, sand and filler used for road paving. Bitumens are complex mixtures that contain a large number of organic chemical compounds. Application of bitumens may generate emissions (fumes and vapours) that may contain, among volatile and non-volatile compounds, a number of known or probable carcinogens. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of various occupations that entail exposure to bitumens and bitumen emissions, including road paving, roofing, and application of mastic asphalt, and to various heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds.

Download or read book Caract risation de la D cantabilit Des Eaux Pluviales written by Emilie Berrouard and published by Omniscriptum. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La sédimentation des particules contenues dans les eaux de ruissellement est reconnue comme étant le phénomène le plus important pour l'amélioration de la qualité de l'eau en bassin de rétention avant son rejet au milieu récepteur. Ce projet de maîtrise vise à apporter des éléments clés dans sa compréhension. L'objectif est de mettre en place un protocole de mesure de vitesses de chute adapté aux besoins du projet. La combinaison de ces vitesses à l'évaluation de la distribution de la taille des particules fournira des informations sur l'influence des temps de rétention en bassin autant du point de vue qualité de l'eau que sur le gain en termes de décantation physique des particules. L'objectif est donc d'obtenir des résultats décrivant les vitesses de chute des particules contenues dans les eaux de ruissellement et les diamètres de ces particules. Un protocole devra aussi être élaboré afin de mesurer cette dernière caractéristique. D'un point de vue gestion du bassin, il y a aussi un objectif visant à mettre en lumière l'existence ou non de relations entre le type d'événement pluvieux et les vitesses de chute enregistrées. À l'été 2008 et 2009, des campagnes de mesures ont été menées afin de récolter des données sur la qualité des eaux de ruissellement dans une zone résidentielle typique de Québec et des eaux à l'intérieur du bassin. L'évaluation des différents protocoles existants permettant de mesurer la vitesse de sédimentation a mené à l'emploi du protocole ViCAs élaboré à Lyon en France. Les résultats obtenus à partir du ViCAs ont permis de fractionner sous différentes classes de vitesse de chute les échantillons composites récupérés à l'entrée et à la sortie du bassin de rétention étudié. Les proportions de chaque classe varient grandement d'un événement à l'autre. Leur mise en relation avec les caractéristiques des événements pluvieux ayant généré ces eaux de ruissellement a permis de conclure que les vitesses de chute sont proportionnelles à l'intensité de pluie maximale, à la hauteur de précipitation et au volume ruisselé. La durée de l'événement a aussi un effet notable, mais non linéaire. Les essais sur le terrain combinés à ceux du laboratoire permettent de croire qu'une période de décantation de deux jours et demi entraîne l'enlèvement maximal atteignable des matières en suspension. Par contre, la comparaison des mesures de distribution de taille de particules, effectuées sur les échantillons composites des eaux de ruissellement, avec les distributions de vitesses de chute n'a pu mener à des conclusions. Il ne semble pas possible de faire un lien direct entre ces deux variables.