Download or read book Evaluating Omega 3 Fatty Acids in Metabolism Using Targeted Metabolomics written by Alison Haller Keenan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids (n3 FAs) has gained wide-spread popularity as a consequence of their reported ability to improve multiple health outcomes. The benefits of n3 FAs have been linked to competition with omega-6 fatty acids (n6 FAs) in metabolism; however, the mechanisms of action of n3 and n6 FAs are not fully understood. Targeted metabolomics were utilized in 3 studies to investigate the role of n3 and n6 FAs in metabolism. Specifically, quantification of oxygenated lipid metabolites (oxylipins) from both n3 and n6 fatty acids were measured to explore their production based on dietary consumption. First, a human study was conducted where n3 FAs were given as a supplement, with measurements of fatty acids and plasma oxylipins before and after the 4 week trial. Following 4 weeks of n3 FAs supplementation, n3 FAs increased in red blood cells (RBCs), platelets and plasma at the expense of n6 FAs. Oxylipins derived from n3 FAs increased, but did not significantly decrease oxylipins from n6 FAs. The second study was in Syrian hamsters fed a diet containing a 20:1 ratio of n6:n3 FAs in a low fat (LF) and a high fat (HF) diet over 14 weeks. LF animals increased fatty acid synthesis, and the n6:n3 ratio was increased in plasma in LF animals relative to HF animals. Oxylipins derived from n3 FAs were increased in HF animals. The third study explored cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition in HF diets and HF diets supplemented with n3 FAs. Plasma oxylipin profiles of animals supplemented with n3 FAs were similar to animals on a high fat diet supplemented with aspirin. In sum, these three studies provide insight into the impact of n3 FAs on fat metabolism, which include increased n3 FAs incorporation into blood compartments, decreased n6 FAs in plasma and increased plasma n3 derived oxylipins. Physiological effects of n3 derived oxylipins are not yet fully elucidated, but documentation of their occurrence and abundance is a step towards understanding their role in health outcomes associated with n3 FAs intake.

Download or read book Omega 6 3 Fatty Acids written by Fabien De Meester and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last several years developing human research suggests that a component of omega-3 fatty acids, long chain ones, contribute particularly to health benefits. Omega-6/3 Fatty Acids: Functions, Sustainability Strategies and Perspectives focuses on developing information on this newly recognized key component. This volume uniquely, and for the first time, focuses on sustainability of natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids variants including long chain ones, and on ways to increase their use and availability to reduce major diseases. The authors review cardiovascular disease, neurological changes and mental health and other diseases like diabetes where long chain omega-3 fatty acids play protective roles from recent human trials. Each chapter evaluates developing information on the possible mechanistic role of long chain omega-3 fatty acids. After showing their requirement and involvement in health promotion there are reviews of various sources and ways to protect and promote them. Authors provide support for the benefits and sources of long chain omega-3 fatty acids and their increased dietary intake that reduce various physical and mental illnesses. Omega-6/3 Fatty Acids: Functions, Sustainability and Perspectives is a unique and important new volume that provides the latest data and reviews to physicians who need to assess serum omega-6/3 and fatty acids to help diagnose risks and change diets and to inform industry and the scientific community with reviews of research for actions including new studies and therapies.

Download or read book Application of Targeted Metabolomic Profiling and Multivariate Data Analysis for the Study of Nutrition and Disease written by Dmitry Grapov and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organismal metabolomes may represent the lowest and arguably most tractable level of control in complex biological systems. Metabolomics or the characterization and study of organismal small molecule end products from physiological process has great promise for aiding researchers in uncovering the latent properties of complex multiparametric biological states. However to reap its potential benefits select challenges in metabolomic analyses need to be addressed. The work herein describes a subset of the many challenges faced by metabolomic researchers in the context of targeted lipidomic analyses or the quantitative characterization of lipid reporters from physiological processes (i.e. sterol esters, triglycerides, phospholipids, fatty acids, oxylipins and endocannabinoids), Chapter 1. Improvements in analytical methodologies are discussed and a targeted lipidomic platform is developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of sterol ester, triglyceride and phospholipid, lipid class-esterified, fatty acids and oxylipins, Chapter 2. Challenges in the areas of metabolomic data analysis and biological interpretation are addressed through the development of a graphical user interface for multivariate data analysis and visualization, Chapter 3. The quantitative characterization of plasma free fatty acids, oxylipins and endocannabinoids is used to develop a mechanistic biological interpretation for the observed type 2 diabetes-dependent changes in lipids fuel and signaling metabolisms, Chapter 4. The work contained in the following 4 Chapters was carried out to advance the application of targeted lipidomics for the study of nutrition and disease. These goals were achieved through 1) the development and validation of a quantitative lipidomic platform for the analysis of lipid class-esterified fatty acids and oxylipins, which was used to characterize the dietary omega-3 fatty acid-induced changes in the esterified components of the sterol ester, triglyceride and phospholipid pools in the adipose and liver tissues of a hamster animal model 2) the development of a multivariate data analysis and visualization frame work, imDEV, which links multivariate statistical algorithms with intuitive multidimensional visualizations which aid the biological interpretation of metabolomic experimental results 3) the application of a targeted metabolomic approach to study the effects of type 2 diabetes on plasma free fatty acids, oxylipins and endocannabinoids, which was used to develop reporters for diabetes-associated changes in fatty acid metabolism and identify markers for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Download or read book Effects of Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Mental Health written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the scientific-medical literature to identify, appraise, and synthesize the human evidence for the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on mental health. While the intention was to evaluate the spectrum of psychiatric disorders or conditions (i.e., behavior or symptoms which, while their consequences could be serious, do not warrant receipt of a formal psychiatric diagnosis), certain foci were beyond the scope of the review. At the same time, a mental health disorder or condition did not require extant animal or basic science data or models to justify the investigation of their evidence. Nevertheless, justification for the study of two disorders exists in the literature: depression and schizophrenia. The mechanism by which diet may affect health, including depression or cardiovascular disease, has been thought to involve low levels of omega-3 fatty acid content in biomarkers (e.g., red blood cells [RBCs]). An omega-3 fatty acid deficiency hypothesis of depression has been put forward, which has helped justify treatment with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. The membrane phospholipid hypothesis of schizophrenia has been proposed in an attempt to develop a model explaining its etiology. It describes the presumed biochemical dynamics underpinning a neurodevelopmental theory. Some of the evidence used to support this perspective suggests the existence of phospholipid and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolic abnormalities in schizophrenia. It has been posited that modifications to diet could mitigate or even aggravate an underlying abnormality of phospholipid metabolism. However, the present review was not conducted to test these hypotheses. Rather, the rationale for this 2-year project investigating the possible health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids was to systematically review the evidence to aid in the development of a research agenda. Nevertheless, these emerging models regarding depression and schizophrenia do suggest plausible bases for the use of omega-3 fatty acids to treat or prevent these psychiatric disorders.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids written by Christian A. Drevon and published by Birkhauser. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids written by Mahabaleshwar V. Hegde and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-09-15 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume argues for the importance of essential nutrients in our diet. Over the last two decades there has been an explosion of research on the relationship of Omega-3 fatty acids and the importance of antioxidants to human health. Expert authors discuss the importance of a diet rich in Omega-3 Fatty acids for successful human growth and development and for the prevention of disease. Chapters highlight their contribution to the prevention and amelioration of a wide range of conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, obesity, mental health and bone health. An indispensable text designed for nutritionists, dietitians, clinicians and health related professionals, Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Keys to Nutritional Health presents a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge about the nutritional effects of Omega-3 fatty acids and their delivery in foods.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acid Research written by M. C. Teale and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EPA and DHA omega-3 fatty acids are contained in oily fish, such as salmon, lake trout, tuna and herring. These fatty acids are not essential to the diet; however, scientific evidence indicates that these fatty acids may be very beneficial in reducing Coronary Heart Disease among other things. This book brings together some of the recent studies on this important and interesting substance.

Download or read book Fatty Acids and Lipids written by International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids. Congress and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication at hand gives an outline of recent advances in both of these topics, including a general discussion on fatty acid nutrition amd metabolism. Moreover, issues such as vascular functions, inflammation, bone metabolism, cancer, obesity and lipoprotein metabolism are dealt with in this context. Finally, the book also contains new findings on bioactive lipids such as anandamide and related compounds, as well as on conjugated linoleic acid. Scientists interested in nutrition, cardiovascular disease, behavior and psychiatry as well as fatty acid metabolism and lipids in general will find this publication a most welcome source of information.

Download or read book Omega 6 omega 3 Essential Fatty Acid Ratio written by Artemis P. Simopoulos and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies on the evolutionary aspects of diet and molecular studies included in this volume indicate that human beings evolved on a diet that was balanced in the essential fatty acids (EFA). In fact, the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 EFA was 1/1 whereas present day diets in both developed and developing countries have a much higher ratio, between 5/1 and 50/1. Additional studies show that a high ratio of omega-6/omega-3 EFA is detrimental to health and may lead to the development of chronic diseases. Improving the dietary ratio by decreasing the omega-6 fatty acids and increasing the omega-3 fatty acids is essential for brain function and for the management of cardiovascular disease, arthritis and cancer. A ratio of 4/1 or less leads to lower dosage and to the reduction of adverse effects of drugs. This volume should be of interest to a large and varied audience of researchers in academia, industry, and government; cardiologists, geneticists, immunologists, neuroscientists, and cancer specialists; as well as nutritionists, dietitians, food scientists, agriculturists, economists and regulators.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids and Health written by Joyce A. Nettleton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evidence that omega-3 fatty acids are essential for human development and most helpful to achieve good health throughout life is clearly documented by Dr. Joyce Nettleton in her new book Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Health. Omega 3 fatty acids are produced by the plants of the land and sea. The tissues of the body require the omega-3 fatty acids for their proper functioning just as they also need the omega-6 essential fatty acids. It is probable in man's evolutionary development that there has always been the proper balance between these two groups of essential fatty acids, but in the modern era with the provision of inexpensive vegetable oils it is possible that the pendulum for increased dietary omega-6 fatty acids in the form of linoleic acid has swung too far and the intake ofomega-3 fatty acids has actualIy declined. In particular, the 22 carbon omega 3 fatty acid, docosahexaenoic acid, which has six double bonds, is important in the membranes of brain cells, heart muscle cells, the rods and cones of the retina and spermatozoa. Docosahexaenoic acid is found only in foods such as fish and other sea life, having been synthesized by the phytoplankton of the waters. An outright deficiency of omega-3 fatty acids has led to a number of distur bances in animals and human infants such as impaired vision, abnormalities of the electroretinogram, of the eye and various behavioral aberrations.

Download or read book Dietary 3 and 6 Fatty Acids written by Corraldo Galli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 24-26, 1985, a major International Conference on the Hea1th Effects of P01yunsaturated Fatty Acids in Seafoods was held in Washington, D. C. The conference had two objectives: (1) to review the research data on the health effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in seafoods in terms of the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on eicosanoid formation, thrombosis and inflammation, and the role of docosahexaenoic acid in membrane function and metabolism, and (2) to develop a research agenda to determine the spectrum of the health effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids of seafood origin in the American diet. The 1985 conference established the fact that omega-3 fatty acids of marine origin - eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) - play important roles in prostaglandin metabolism, thrombosis and atherosc1erosis, immunology and inflammation, and membrane function. In response to the conference recommendations, the Congress of the United States provided special funding for the establishment of a "test materials 1aboratory" within the US Department of Commerce to produce under documented quality contr01 the types and quanti ties of omega-3 te~3t materials required by biomedica1 researchers. The forms of test materials to be produced include refined fish oil, polyunsaturated fatty acid enhanced triglycerides, concentrates of esters of fatty acids, purified omega-3 fatty acids, and omega-3 mono-, di- and tri~lyceride mixtures.

Download or read book Evaluation of Long chain Omega 3 Fatty Acids in View of Bioavailability Gene Expression Regulation and Metabolism to Oxylipins written by Jan Philipp Schuchardt and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Role of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Metabolic Phenotypes and Genetic Associations with Cardiovascular Health written by Carmen Arrington and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heart disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the United States, killing about 695,000 people in 2021, ahead of cancer and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)1. In the United States, the average annual direct and indirect cost of cardiovascular disease (CVD) was an estimated $378.0 billion in 2017-2018; the estimated direct costs have more than doubled in the last two decades2. Fatty acids (FAs), which can be obtained exogenously through the diet or produced endogenously through de novo lipogenesis (DNL), play a critical role in heart health by helping maintain lipid balance and regulate inflammatory processes. FAs can be oxygenated to produce oxylipins which are bioactive, act as lipid mediators, and are thought to be a potential explanation for the diverse effects of polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs)3, 4. FA and oxylipin synthesis are highly regulated processes in which genes exert substantial influence. Genetic variation contributes to the activity and efficiency of enzymes responsible for FA and oxylipin metabolism as well as the functionality of receptors specific to FAs and oxylipins. The field of precision nutrition has developed to understand how one's diet and their genes interact to affect the way the body responds to food. This dissertation aims to address how a person's genes affect the way the body responds to food, specifically fats and FAs, to provide individualized nutrition guidance in CVD prevention and treatment. In Study 1, we explore the pivotal role of free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4 (human); Ffar4 (mouse)) in the context of myocardial infarction (MI), focusing particularly on its impact on the early oxylipin response to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Previous research has established the relevance of Ffar4 in metabolic and inflammatory pathways and found cardiac function improves 7 days after ischemic insult, prompting an in-depth analysis of the complex milieu of cardiac ischemia. To unravel the intricate connections, a murine model was employed, subjecting mice to cardiac ischemia followed by only 3 days of reperfusion while scrutinizing the influence of Ffar4 on oxylipin dynamics. The study was designed to meticulously assess the response to I/R injury, unraveling gene- and sex-specific variations in the oxylipin response. Additionally, to bridge the translational gap, the analysis extended to the UK Biobank (UKB) cohort. This human component aimed to elucidate the association of FFAR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with MI and ischemic CVDs. The murine experimentation uncovered a Ffar4-dependent response, particularly concerning LA-derived oxylipins, to I/R injury. While animals with systemic deletion of Ffar4 had higher LA alcohols and epoxides than wildtype prior to injury, I/R injury ablated the differences in oxylipin profile. Sex-specific differences also emerged from the analysis, shedding light on distinct molecular mechanisms operating in male and female mice. However, the human analysis found FFAR4-dependent higher risk for stroke in women; no other FFAR4-dependent differences in disease incidence were found which may suggest genetic variation is not the cause of downstream differences due implicating FFAR4. In essence, this research underscores the intricate involvement of FFAR4 in the oxylipin responses to cardiac ischemia. The study provides valuable insights into potential sex-specific mechanisms of oxylipin response while acknowledging the inherent disparities between murine and human response to cardiovascular (CV) challenges. These complexities emphasize the multifaceted role of the FFAR4 in CVD. In Study 2, we investigate substrate competition between saturated FAs (SFAs) and PUFAs as ligands for FFAR4 and the downstream impact on metabolic outcomes, specifically related to metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), MI, and death. The study utilizes data from the UKB cohort including various demographic and health-related variables as well as FA measurements. The statistical methods involve linear regression models and Cox-proportional hazard models to explore the relationships between SFAs and PUFAs, as well as their interaction on MetSyn risk factors, MI, and death. The study reveals that the association of PUFAs with lower triglycerides (TG), higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), lower waist circumference (WC), and lower blood pressure (BP) depends on the levels of SFAs. Unexpectedly, when stratified by PUFA level higher SFAs are associated with metabolically beneficial outcomes, contrary to common perceptions. The study also uncovers differences by racial/ethnic group membership, showing distinct responses to SFAs and PUFAs among White, Black, and Asian participants. The findings challenge the simplistic view that reducing SFAs and increasing PUFAs uniformly benefit metabolic health. Instead, the findings suggest that individual differences in participant characteristics, including in racial/ethnic group membership, play a crucial role in how SFAs and PUFAs influence metabolic outcomes. A more nuanced approach to dietary recommendations that considers the intricate interplay between specific FAs and their impact on diverse populations may allow researchers to better address the risks for CVD. In Study 3, we focus on the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes, which play a regulatory role in PUFA metabolism. The FADS genes (FADS1 and FADS2) have two major haplotypes (haplotype D and haplotype A) which vary in prevalence across populations. Functional analyses indicate that haplotype D is more efficient in synthesis of longer chain PUFA in both the omega-3 ([omega]3) and omega-6 ([omega]6) pathways. The study specifically examines variant rs174547 in FADS1 as a proxy for the FADS genes. This variant has been associated with CV health outcomes leading to the hypothesis that 1) the association between FADS and lipid outcomes depends on FAs (moderation) and 2) the effect of FADS on outcomes occurs through FAs (mediation). The analysis uses the UKB dataset to explore the interplay between FADS and FAs on lipid outcomes including total cholesterol (TC), HDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and TGs. The research employs a statistical framework to quantify the extent to which FAs mediate or moderate the relationship between FADS and lipid biomarkers. Results reveal evidence of moderation and/or mediation (or suppression) effects. For instance, out of the 28 tests of moderation, 19 models have evidence that a FA modifies the effect of FADS on lipid outcomes. Additionally, there are 12 models with evidence of mediation; for example, DHA acts as a mediator for the association between FADS and HDL-c, indicating that the influence of FADS on HDL-c is explained by the level of DHA, and non-LA [omega]6-PUFA suppresses the association between FADS and LDL-c. The study provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between FADS, FAs, and CV health. By analyzing FADS as a case study, the research demonstrates an analytical framework that can be applied to understand similar relationships in other genetic contexts. The findings underscore the need to consider individual variations in FA metabolism to optimize dietary recommendations for CV health. Collectively, this research sheds light on the multifaceted interplay between PUFAs, genetic factors, and CV health. The conditional associations based on FA profiles emphasize the potential for dietary modifications to address health disparities rooted in individual genotypes, as well as social and environmental factors. These findings challenge broad dietary recommendations and advocate for a more personalized approach to disease prevention and treatment strategies. The implications extend beyond CV health, prompting a reevaluation of how individualized nutrition guidance can be integrated into broader public health initiatives.

Download or read book Omega 3 Fatty Acids written by Wasim Khan and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an exponential increase in the amount of research on the relationship between Omega-3 fatty acids and human health over the past two decades. This book focuses on developing information on these newly recognised key components of omega-3-fatty acid research. This authoritative volume brings about a perspective to understanding the recent developments in omega-3-fatty acid research by going beyond presenting only a summary of the research literature. It discusses the limitations, points of agreement, and areas of conflicting or inconclusive data. Readers will gain a current understanding of issues such as the importance of omega-3 fatty acids to health; the ways in which they are essential to human growth and development; their contribution to the prevention or amelioration of various diseases; and their quality and shelf life when used as dietary supplements. With a comprehensive review and discussion of current research, this volume is an invaluable resource for all researchers working in this field. It will be a comprehensive reference for nutritionists, dieticians, and health educators alike.

Download or read book Dietary 3 and 6 Fatty Acids written by Corraldo Galli and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-08-01 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 24-26, 1985, a major International Conference on the Hea1th Effects of P01yunsaturated Fatty Acids in Seafoods was held in Washington, D. C. The conference had two objectives: (1) to review the research data on the health effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in seafoods in terms of the impact of omega-3 fatty acids on eicosanoid formation, thrombosis and inflammation, and the role of docosahexaenoic acid in membrane function and metabolism, and (2) to develop a research agenda to determine the spectrum of the health effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids of seafood origin in the American diet. The 1985 conference established the fact that omega-3 fatty acids of marine origin - eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) - play important roles in prostaglandin metabolism, thrombosis and atherosc1erosis, immunology and inflammation, and membrane function. In response to the conference recommendations, the Congress of the United States provided special funding for the establishment of a "test materials 1aboratory" within the US Department of Commerce to produce under documented quality contr01 the types and quanti ties of omega-3 te~3t materials required by biomedica1 researchers. The forms of test materials to be produced include refined fish oil, polyunsaturated fatty acid enhanced triglycerides, concentrates of esters of fatty acids, purified omega-3 fatty acids, and omega-3 mono-, di- and tri~lyceride mixtures.

Download or read book Effects of Omega 3 Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Disease written by U.s. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-27 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This evidence report is 1 of 3 reports prepared concerning the health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases. These reports are among several that address topics related to omega-3 fatty acids, and that were requested by the Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, through the EPC Program at the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). The aim of the reports is to summarize the current evidence on the health effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the following: CVD, cancer, child and maternal health, eye health, gastrointestinal/renal diseases, asthma, autoimmune diseases, immune- mediated diseases, transplantation, mental health, and neurological diseases and conditions. In addition to informing the research community and the public on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on various health conditions, it is anticipated that the findings of the reports will also be used to help define the agenda for future research. The focus of this report is on CVD outcomes in humans. The other 2 reports focus on risk factors of cardiovascular disease and on arrhythmic electrophysiology in animal and in- vitro studies. In this chapter, the metabolism, physiological functions, and the sources of omega-3 fatty acids are briefly discussed. Subsequent chapters describe the methods used to identify and review studies related to omega-3 fatty acids and CVD — including the analytic framework for this report, findings related to the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular conditions, and recommendations for future research in this area.

Download or read book Fat Detection written by Jean-Pierre Montmayeur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-09-14 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the State-of-the-Art in Fat Taste TransductionA bite of cheese, a few potato chips, a delectable piece of bacon - a small taste of high-fat foods often draws you back for more. But why are fatty foods so appealing? Why do we crave them? Fat Detection: Taste, Texture, and Post Ingestive Effects covers the many factors responsible for the se