Download or read book Evaluating Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy written by Shahida Priscilla Rice and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a widespread public health problem that not only deteriorates the quality of life for victims and witnesses, but can also prove fatal. Homicide represents the number one cause of death during pregnancy and up to a year postpartum for women in the U.S. For over 300,000 women - or up to 20% of all those pregnant - each year, pregnancy is a time of abuse, violence, and threat of murder. This research aims to conceptualize how the individual, interpersonal, and societal factors that contribute to the ongoing perpetration of intimate partner violence affects the future generation despite not being directly victimized. The aims of this dissertation address the mechanisms by which intimate partner violence and partner-related stress affects the health of a newborn and inform the field of maternal and child health of abuse’s indirect impacts. Methods: To evaluate the impact of the Violence Against Women Act since its enactment, a comparison of the reported prevalence rates of intimate partner violence for the years of 1994 and 1995 to 2010 will be conducted (Aim 1). A chi-square test and logistic regression will be used. Results from this aim will provide us with a preliminary analysis of the effect of the legislation. Aim 2 explores the risk factors for women who are victimized by violence as well as the risk factors that may predispose men to wage violence against their partners. Both individual factors as well as interpersonal strife are included. Binary logistic regression models will be used for both the model created for women as well as that of men. Aim 3 utilizes the models created in Aim 2 to evaluate if and how maternal behaviors that directly affect newborn health are impacted by IPV. Women exposed to IPV will be matched to women not exposed to IPV based on propensity scores created that integrate both individual and couple-level risk factors. The matched subjects’ maternal behaviors will then be compared via McNemar’s Chi-Square Tests. Results: Results from Aim 1 indicate that the prevalence of IPV amongst pregnant women in 1994 and 1995 compared to 2010 is statistically indistinguishable. Aim 2 demonstrated that couple-level factors are far more impactful on the occurrence of IPV than individual-level factors previously established in the literature. Aim 3 exhibits that IPV-exposed mothers are more likely to obtain adequate prenatal care, position infant for safe sleep, and bring newborns to a follow-up appointment. However, IPV exposed mothers are also less likely to ever breastfeed their newborns and far more likely to reports symptoms of postpartum depression. Conclusion: In addition to evaluating the impact of the Violence Against Women Act since its enactment, this dissertation research adds to the literature of violence and injury prevention. Not only does the study add to the research that accounts for risks for victimization, but it also makes a case for the need of a validated construct for interpersonal strife. By integrating interpersonal strife indicators, we are able to add to the holistic view of interpersonal strife and potential red flags for partner violence. As a culminating research objective, Aim 3 illuminates the impact of the experience of violence on maternal behaviors and newborn health. By externalizing the mechanisms by which the mother-infant relationship is compromised, public health professionals and clinicians alike will be able to better understand the impact of partner violence on maternal behaviors that directly affect newborn health, and therefore, design intervention and harm-reduction programs accordingly.
Download or read book Violence against women data on pregnant victims and effectiveness of prevention strategies are limited written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Violence against Women and Girls written by Jennifer L. Solotaroff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2014-09-04 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents the dynamics of violence against women in South Asia across the life cycle, from early childhood to old age. It explores the different types of violence that women may face throughout their lives, as well as the associated perpetrators (male and female), risk and protective factors for both victims and perpetrators, and interventions to address violence across all life cycle stages. The report also analyzes the societal factors that drive the primarily male — but also female — perpetrators to commit violence against women in the region. For each stage and type of violence, the report critically reviews existing research from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, supplemented by original analysis and select literature from outside the region. Policies and programs that address violence against women and girls are analyzed in order to highlight key actors and promising interventions. Finally, the report identifies critical gaps in research, program evaluations, and interventions in order to provide strategic recommendations for policy makers, civil society, and other stakeholders working to mitigate violence against women in South Asia.
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence and Pregnancy written by Anne M. Zehner and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy increases the risks of adverse outcomes for both mothers and their unborn children, including maternal and fetal death. However, more research is needed to determine if IPV increases in frequency or severity during pregnancy and to determine what the risk factors are for IPV during pregnancy. Objectives: To use data from the Chicago Women's Health Risk Study to determine (1) if abuse is more prevalent during the pregnancy period, 2) if abuse during the pregnancy period increases in frequency or severity, 3) if pregnant women who are abused are at increased risk for intimate partner homicide, and 4) what the risk factors are for intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Methods: A chi square test of independence was performed on the crosstabulation of the pregnancy and the abuse variables. The means of the scores on three validated abuse measures for women recently pregnant and not recently pregnant at the time of interview were compared using an independent samples t-test. Chi square tests of independence were performed on crosstabulations of abuse frequency and severity variables and the pregnancy variable. Logistic regressions were performed to generate crude and adjusted odds ratios for IPV for the sample characteristics, first for the complete sample and then for the recently pregnant subsample. Results: The prevalence of IPV was about the same in the recently pregnant (68.2%) and recently not pregnant samples (71.1%). The chi square value for the crosstabulation of the pregnancy and the abuse variable were not significant (X2 = 0.606, df = 1, p = 0.436). HARASS scores were not significantly different for recently pregnant and recently not pregnant women. Power and Control scores were significantly lower for recently pregnant women (t = -2.081, df = 483, p = 0.038), however this difference was very small (mean difference = -0.317, SE = 0.152). Danger Assessment scores were not significantly different for recently pregnant and recently not pregnant women. The chi square value on the crosstabulation of the abuse frequency variable and the pregnancy variable was not significant (X2 = 0.344, df = 1, p = 0.557). The chi square value on the crosstabulation of the abuse severity variable and the pregnancy variable was not significant as well (X2= 0.412, df = 1, p-value = 0.521). Adjusted odds ratios for IPV for the pregnant subsample indicated that the only factor that increased risk was having between 0 and 6 social supports (aOR = 12.39, 95% CI = 3.27 to 46.88). Conclusions: In this high-risk sample, abuse was not more prevalent during the pregnancy period. Abuse during the pregnancy period did not increase in severity or intensity. Furthermore, pregnant women were not at greater risk for intimate partner homicide. Having fewer social supports put recently pregnant women at greatest risk for abuse. This may be because abusers frequently employ tactics to isolate victims from social supports in order to better maintain control of their victims. Having fewer social supports is particularly risky for this group, as pregnant women need more outside support to negotiate the demands of childbearing. More research is needed to determine the unique risk factors for domestic violence during pregnancy.
Download or read book Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy written by Julianne Christina Hellmuth and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been shown to be highly prevalent during pregnancy, particularly for couples of low socioeconomic status. IPV poses an especially serious problem for pregnant women as it puts both mother and unborn child at risk for severe physical harm, including death. This investigation of potential risk factors for IPV during pregnancy examines alcohol use, stress, suspicion of infidelity, jealousy, and relationship discord from both a cross-sectional and longitudinal perspective. The overarching theoretical frameork for this study is based on Leonard's conceptual model of substance use and intimate partner violence in combination with evolutionary theory as discussed by Buss & Duntley's evolved homicide theory and Harris' social-cognitive theory. A sample of 180 pregnant women was collected in order to investigate 1) the extent to which alcohol use, stress, infidelity, jealousy, and relationship dissatisfaction predict intimate partner violence in this sample, and 2) to evaluate the potential moderating effects of alcohol use on the relationships between jealousy and intimate partner violence and stress and intimate partner violence. Results indicate that alcohol use was a salient predictor of several types of IPV victimization and the combination of partner alcohol use, jealousy, and suspicion of infidelity most strongly predicted severe physical victimization during the first 18 weeks of pregnancy. Results also indicate that alcohol mediated the relationship between jealousy and psychological and severe physical victimization. Implications for future research and clinical implications are discussed.
Download or read book Abuse During Pregnancy written by Judith M. McFarlane and published by Education & Health Promotion March of Dimes. This book was released on 2006-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This describes research documentation and protocols designed to enable health care providers to prevent abuse, interrupt existing abuse, and protect the safety and wellbeing of the pregnant woman. It includes vignettes written from the perspective of abused women as well as from health care providers."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Domestic Violence and Maternal and Child Health written by Stephen J. Morewitz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-05-31 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: -Very timely issue right now. Topic is receiving media and popular attention -Maternal and Child Health is a specific area of study in Public Health -Author is entrepreneurial and well-established.
Download or read book Responding to Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Violence Against Women written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A health-care provider is likely to be the first professional contact for survivors of intimate partner violence or sexual assault. Evidence suggests that women who have been subjected to violence seek health care more often than non-abused women, even if they do not disclose the associated violence. They also identify health-care providers as the professionals they would most trust with disclosure of abuse. These guidelines are an unprecedented effort to equip healthcare providers with evidence-based guidance as to how to respond to intimate partner violence and sexual violence against women. They also provide advice for policy makers, encouraging better coordination and funding of services, and greater attention to responding to sexual violence and partner violence within training programmes for health care providers. The guidelines are based on systematic reviews of the evidence, and cover: 1. identification and clinical care for intimate partner violence 2. clinical care for sexual assault 3. training relating to intimate partner violence and sexual assault against women 4. policy and programmatic approaches to delivering services 5. mandatory reporting of intimate partner violence. The guidelines aim to raise awareness of violence against women among health-care providers and policy-makers, so that they better understand the need for an appropriate health-sector response. They provide standards that can form the basis for national guidelines, and for integrating these issues into health-care provider education.
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence written by Connie Mitchell M.D. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intimate partner violence is a challenging problem that health professionals encounter on a daily basis. This volume thoroughly compiles the current knowledge and health science and provides a strong foundation for students, educators, clinicians, and researchers on prevention, assessment, and intervention.
Download or read book What Mothers Say written by Sharon Bartholomew and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy written by Bertha Alicia Guaderrama de Moseson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Perspectives on Women s Sexual and Reproductive Health Across the Lifecourse written by Shonali Choudhury and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This expansive survey spotlights pervasive issues affecting girls’ and women’s sexual and reproductive health across the lifecourse. Research from diverse countries around the world analyzes the complex relationships among biological, psychological, sociocultural, and economic issues—particularly in terms of inequities—as they shape women’s lives. Major challenges and possibilities for intervention are examined in their national context and with their global implications, including child marriage/motherhood, reproductive care and access, fertility, childbearing, contraception, abortion, HIV/STIs, gender-based violence, sexual pleasure, and menopause. In these forceful dispatches, a consistent human rights perspective emphasizes women’s control, autonomy, and agency in all stages of their lives. A sampling of topics covered: Girl child marriage: a persistent global women’s health and human rights violation Investigating challenges and resilience among women living with obstetric fistula in Kenya A qualitative exploration of mainstream and social media reflections on abortion A continuum of severity of sexual intimate partner violence among black women in the United States Economic empowerment to improve sexual and reproductive health among women and girls Summarizing an interdisciplinary field on research and practical levels, Global Perspectives on Women's Sexual and Reproductive Health Across the Lifecourse will be an invaluable text for undergraduate and graduate courses in a wide range of fields, including public health, global health, women’s studies, sociology, anthropology, gender studies, and human rights.
Download or read book Women s Health in Clinical Practice written by Amy Lynn Clouse and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book clearly elucidates many of the key issues found in the disparate literature on sex-based differences in health and illness. It provides primary care clinicians with a practical, up-to-date source of information that can lead to optimal, targeted care for women. Among the topics examined in this comprehensive volume are treating and preventing osteoporosis, diabetes, cervical cancer, eating disorders, and more.
Download or read book Intimate Partner Violence IPV Among Thai Pregnant Women written by Nanthana Thananowan and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Clinical Assessment of Dangerousness written by Georges-Franck Pinard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When people are victimised by violent crime, the general public assumes that the victim could have been spared if the perpetrator had been identified as potentially dangerous by mental health agents. Yet prediction of dangerousness is an inexact science and depends upon many complex factors. This book provides a thorough and clear description of research findings in order to help clinicians make sound decisions concerning their clients' dangerousness. The book covers a broad spectrum of violent behaviour as well as crucial issues such as biological factors, domestic violence, and the influence of alcohol in violent behaviour. The book is divided into the following sections: Basic Issues in Violence Research, Mental Health Issues and Dangerousness, Family Issues and Dangerousness, Individual Characteristics and Dangerousness. It will serve as an important reference book that not only covers scientific literature but provides views on future directions for research and practice in this valuable field.
Download or read book Domestic Violence and Health Care written by and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-09-23 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore methods and techniques that health care providers can use to treat battered women?more humanely and effectively! This vital book examines the role of health care in the struggle to combat domestic violence. It shows how physicians can?and should?respond to victims of domestic violence, shares the success of the Family Violence Prevention Project, discusses what healthcare providers need to know about elder abuse, examines primary care physicians? screening practices for female partner abuse, and looks at the way Emergency Department personnel perceive the results of intimate partner violence (IPV). It also shows how family planning clinics can become ?empowerment zones? of battered women living in a rural setting and assesses the success of the WomanKind Program?an integrated model of 24-hour health care response to domestic violence against women. Domestic Violence and Health Care: Policies and Prevention also: investigates the relationship between perceived barriers and screening practices explores attitudes toward mandatory domestic violence reporting inquires into what pregnant women who have been abused think about their partners and their relationships examines the difference between Mexican and American women?s perception of the severity of various acts of abuse discusses the efficacy of an IPV assessment form using icons rather than descriptions to better communicate with migrant/seasonal workers whose command of English is poor From the editors: ?We have learned that screening for domestic violence by itself is a powerful intervention and can make a significant difference in a woman?s life. It helps validate that there is no excuse for domestic violence and demystifies the belief that providers are a part of the problem and not part of the solution. We have also learned that the consequences of intimate partner violence are manifested in a range of health conditions as well as in increased overall costly health care utilization. Screening tools and proposed mechanisms for treatment and follow-up are available. The next step in this effort requires validation of the screening tools and evaluation of the interventions currently underway. The purpose of this book is to provide some insight into our current understanding of the role health care plays in recognizing and treating victims of domestic violence. We hope to contribute to the understanding of the complexities of the causes and consequences of domestic violence on the life of a woman, and to provide insight into ways to positively alter the health care system and provider behavior.?
Download or read book Domestic Violence Screening and Intervention in Medical and Mental Healthcare Settings written by Mary Beth Phelan, MD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2004-10-12 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the need and the potential for healthcare providers to play an active role in prevention and intervention into domestic violence, there is little evidence that they are doing so in large numbers or systematic ways. This book reviews the literature on screening, identification, intervention, and prevention of partner violence across healthcare specialties and disciplines to benefit the development of effective domestic violence prevention programs. Primary care, psychiatric and mental health care, emergency department settings as well as subspecialties such as emergency rooms, ophthalmology, and infectious disease are considered.
