Download or read book Etude des d fauts cristallins dans le silicium par diffusion de la lumi re written by Vanessa Monier and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'étude des précipités d'oxygène et des dislocations dans le silicium représente un enjeu important pour l'amélioration de la qualité des substrats SOI ou silicium. La technique LST (« Laser Scattering Tomography »), particulièrement adaptée à la densité ou la taille relativement faibles des défauts recherchés, est basée sur la diffusion de la lumière infrarouge. Ces travaux présentent les développements nécessaires de cette technique pour la mesure puis l'étude du comportement et de l'évolution des défauts. La taille des précipités d'oxygène individuels, à présent accessible, permet d'étudier leur croissance au cours du temps pour différentes températures et morphologies. L'étude des défauts étendus en fonction de la polarisation de la lumière incidente est ensuite détaillée. Le développement de la théorie de la diffusion de la lumière par les dislocations combinée aux différents développements de la technique LST permet la détermination complète du système de glissement d'une boucle de dislocation non décorée. Enfin, les mesures LST permettent de discriminer les dislocations décorées des non décorées.
Download or read book tude de d fauts de structure cr s par la diffusion du phosphore dans le silicium written by Patrick Mortini and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CONTRIBUTION A L ETUDE DES DEFAUTS CRISTALLINS DUS A L OXYGENE DANS LE SILICIUM MONOCRISTALLIN TIRE PAR METHODE CZOCHRALSKI written by Jean-Pierre Brevignon and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ETUDE DE L'EVOLUTION DE L'OXYGENE INTERSTITIEL PENDANT UN TRAITEMENT THERMIQUE ET CARACTERISATION PAR TOPOGRAPHIE RX ET MICROSCOPIE ELECTRONIQUE DES DEFAUTS CRISTALLINS DUS A L'OXYGENE.
Download or read book Contribution l tude de la diffusion des dopants dans le silicium written by Daniel Mathiot and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LES PRINCIPAUX POINTS DU MODELE DEVELOPPES SONT LES SUIVANTS: LA DIFFUSION EST ASSISTEE PAR LES DEUX TYPES DE DEFAUTS PONCTUELS INTRINSEQUES (LACUNES ET AUTOINTERSTITIELS), PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE DE PAIRES IMPURETE-DEFAUT EN EQUILIBRE LOCAL AVEC LES IMPURETES ET DEFAUTS ISOLES; POUR UNE CONCENTRATION EN DONNEURS SUPERIEURE A 10**(20) CM**(-3), UNE ACCELERATION DE LA DIFFUSION A LIEU A CAUSE DE LA PERCOLATION DES LACUNES DANS LES AMAS D'IMPURETES EN POSITION DE 5EME VOISINS DANS SI; POUR LES FORTES CONCENTRATIONS DE B ET AS, LA DIFFUSION EST FREINEE PAR LA PRESENCE DE COMPLEXES NEUTRES ET IMMOBILES; LES RECOMBINAISONS BIMOLECULAIRES ENTRE DEFAUTS ONT LIEU PAR REACTION DIRECTE ENTRE LACUNES ET AUTOINTERSTITIELS, ET PAR L'INTERMEDIAIRE DES PAIRES IMPURETE-DEFAUT. CE MODELE PERMET DES SIMULATIONS NUMERIQUES PRECISES AUSSI BIEN EN ATMOSPHERE NEUTRE QUE POUR DES RECUITS OXYDANTS
Download or read book Molecular Beam Epitaxy written by John Wilfred Orton and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is a history of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) as applied to the growth of semiconductor thin films (note that it does not cover the subject of metal thin films). It begins by examining the origins of MBE, first of all looking at the nature of molecular beams and considering their application to fundamental physics, to the development of nuclear magnetic resonance and to the invention of the microwave MASER. It shows how molecular beams of silane (SiH4) were used to study the nucleation of silicon films on a silicon substrate and how such studies were extended to compound semiconductors such as GaAs. From such surface studies in ultra-high vacuum the technique developed into a method of growing high quality single crystal films of a wide range of semiconductors. Comparing this with earlier evaporation methods of deposition and with other epitaxial deposition methods such as liquid phase and vapour phase epitaxy (LPE and VPE). The text describes the development of MBE machines from the early 'home-made' variety to that of commercial equipment and show how MBE was gradually refined to produce high quality films with atomic dimensions. This was much aided by the use of various in-situ surface analysis techniques, such as reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and mass spectrometry, a feature unique to MBE. It looks at various modified versions of the basic MBE process, then proceed to describe their application to the growth of so-called 'low-dimensional structures' (LDS) based on ultra-thin heterostructure films with thickness of order a few molecular monolayers. Further chapters cover the growth of a wide range of different compounds and describe their application to fundamental physics and to the fabrication of electronic and opto-electronic devices. The authors study the historical development of all these aspects and emphasise both the (often unexpected) manner of their discovery and development and the unique features which MBE brings to the growth of extremely complex structures with monolayer accuracy.
Download or read book Organic Solid State Lasers written by Sébastien Forget and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-07-03 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organic lasers are broadly tunable coherent sources, potentially compact, convenient and manufactured at low-costs. Appeared in the mid 60’s as solid-state alternatives for liquid dye lasers, they recently gained a new dimension after the demonstration of organic semiconductor lasers in the 90's. More recently, new perspectives appeared at the nanoscale, with organic polariton and surface plasmon lasers. After a brief reminder to laser physics, a first chapter exposes what makes organic solid-state organic lasers specific. The laser architectures used in organic lasers are then reviewed, with a state-of-the-art review of the performances of devices with regard to output power, threshold, lifetime, beam quality etc. A survey of the recent trends in the field is given, highlighting the latest developments with a special focus on the challenges remaining for achieving direct electrical pumping of organic semiconductor lasers. A last chapter covers the applications of organic solid-state lasers.
Download or read book Layer Silicates written by Sturges W. Bailey and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book III Nitride Semiconductors written by M.O. Manasreh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-12-06 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research advances in III-nitride semiconductor materials and device have led to an exponential increase in activity directed towards electronic and optoelectronic applications. There is also great scientific interest in this class of materials because they appear to form the first semiconductor system in which extended defects do not severely affect the optical properties of devices. The volume consists of chapters written by a number of leading researchers in nitride materials and device technology with the emphasis on the dopants incorporations, impurities identifications, defects engineering, defects characterization, ion implantation, irradiation-induced defects, residual stress, structural defects and phonon confinement. This unique volume provides a comprehensive review and introduction of defects and structural properties of GaN and related compounds for newcomers to the field and stimulus to further advances for experienced researchers. Given the current level of interest and research activity directed towards nitride materials and devices, the publication of the volume is particularly timely. Early pioneering work by Pankove and co-workers in the 1970s yielded a metal-insulator-semiconductor GaN light-emitting diode (LED), but the difficulty of producing p-type GaN precluded much further effort. The current level of activity in nitride semiconductors was inspired largely by the results of Akasaki and co-workers and of Nakamura and co-workers in the late 1980s and early 1990s in the development of p-type doping in GaN and the demonstration of nitride-based LEDs at visible wavelengths. These advances were followed by the successful fabrication and commercialization of nitride blue laser diodes by Nakamura et al at Nichia. The chapters contained in this volume constitutes a mere sampling of the broad range of research on nitride semiconductor materials and defect issues currently being pursued in academic, government, and industrial laboratories worldwide.
Download or read book Laser 50 Years Of Discoveries written by Fabien Bretenaker and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-27 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique book provides an overview of the principle and applications of lasers enriched with numerous illustrations.Being over fifty years old, lasers continue to amaze us. Their performance characteristics are constantly reaching new limits, and the scope of their applications continues to expand. Yet, it took years of effort by teams of physicists to transform the fundamental notions of Einstein into the first experimental beam of laser light. And history is still going on as fundamental research is now triggered by its remarkable properties.This book addresses every aspects of laser light, from its fundamental principles to its industrial applications, at a level particularly suited for high school teachers, students, and anybody curious about science and technology.
Download or read book The Metals Black Book written by Michael Lash Wayman and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CASTI Metals Black Book written by John E. Bringas and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Download or read book ZnO Thin Films written by Paolo Mele and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is an n-type semiconductor with versatile applications such as optical devices in ultraviolet region, piezoelectric transducers, transparent electrode for solar cells and gas sensors. This book "ZnO Thin Films: Properties, Performance and Applications" gives a deep insight in the intriguing science of zinc oxide thin films. It is devoted to cover the most recent advances and reviews the state of the art of ZnO thin films applications involving energy harvesting, microelectronics, magnetic devices, photocatalysis, photovoltaics, optics, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, electrochemistry, temperature sensing. It serves as a fundamental information source on the techniques and methodologies involved in zinc oxide thin films growth, characterization, post-deposition plasma treatments and device processing. This book will be invaluable to the experts to consolidate their knowledge and provide insight and inspiration to beginners wishing to learn about zinc oxide thin films.
Download or read book X Ray and Neutron Reflectivity Principles and Applications written by Jean Daillant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reflection of and neutrons from surfaces has existed as an x-rays exp- imental for almost it is in the last technique fifty Nevertheless, only years. decade that these methods have become as of enormously popular probes This the surfaces and interfaces. to be due to of several appears convergence of intense different circumstances. These include the more n- availability be measured orders tron and sources that can over (so reflectivity x-ray many of and the much weaker surface diffuse can now also be magnitude scattering of thin films and studied in some the detail); growing importance multil- basic the realization of the ers in both and technology research; important which in the of surfaces and and role roughness plays properties interfaces; the of statistical models to characterize the of finally development topology its and its characterization from on roughness, dependence growth processes The of and to surface scattering experiments. ability x-rays neutro4s study four five orders of in scale of surfaces over to magnitude length regardless their and also their to ability probe environment, temperature, pressure, etc. , makes these the choice for buried interfaces often probes preferred obtaining information about the microstructure of often in statistical a global surfaces, the local This is manner to complementary imaging microscopy techniques, of such studies in the literature witnessed the veritable by explosion published the last few Thus these lectures will useful for over a resource years.
Download or read book Iron and Steel in Ancient Times written by Vagn Fabritius Buchwald and published by Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. This book was released on 2005 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Vessel Melt Retention and Ex Vessel Corium Cooling IAEA Tecdoc No 1906 written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication results from a technical meeting on phenomenology and technologies relevant to in-vessel melt retention (IVMR) and ex-vessel corium cooling (EVCC). The purpose of the publication is to capture the state of knowledge, at the time of that meeting, related to phenomenology and technologies as well as the challenges and pending issues relevant to IVMR and EVCC for water cooled reactors by summarizing the information provided by the meeting participants in a form useful to practitioners in Member States.
Download or read book The Coming of the Age of Iron written by Theodore A. Wertime and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
