Download or read book Ethics and the Archaeology of Violence written by Alfredo González-Ruibal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-10 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the distinctive and highly problematic ethical questions surrounding conflict archaeology. By bringing together sophisticated analyses and pertinent case studies from around the world it aims to address the problems facing archaeologists working in areas of violent conflict, past and present. Of all the contentious issues within archaeology and heritage, the study of conflict and work within conflict zones are undoubtedly the most highly charged and hotly debated, both within and outside the discipline. Ranging across the conflict zones of the world past and present, this book attempts to raise the level of these often fractious debates by locating them within ethical frameworks. The issues and debates in this book range across a range of ethical models, including deontological, teleological and virtue ethics. The chapters address real-world ethical conundrums that confront archaeologists in a diversity of countries, including Israel/Palestine, Iran, Uruguay, Argentina, Rwanda, Germany and Spain. They all have in common recent, traumatic experiences of war and dictatorship. The chapters provide carefully argued, thought-provoking analyses and examples that will be of real practical use to archaeologists in formulating and addressing ethical dilemmas in a confident and constructive manner.

Download or read book Bioarchaeology of Climate Change and Violence written by Ryan P. Harrod and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this monograph is to emphasize with empirical data the complexity of the relationship between climate change and violence. Bioarchaeology is the integration of human skeletal remains from ancient societies with the cultural and environmental context. Information on mortality, disease, diet and other factors provide important data to examine long chronologies of human existence, particularly during periods of droughts and life-threatening climate changes. Case studies are used to reconstruct the responses and short and long-term adaptations made by groups before, during and after dramatic changes in weather and climate. Interpersonal and group violence is also analyzed. The authors find that while in some cases there is an increase in trauma and violence, in other cases there is not. Human groups are capable of avoiding violent altercations and increasing broad networks of cooperation that help to mitigate the effects of climate change. A case study from the U.S. Southwest is provided that shows the variable and surprising ways that ancient farmers in the past dealt with long term droughts.

Download or read book Ethical Issues in Archaeology written by Larry J. Zimmerman and published by Rowman Altamira. This book was released on 2003 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics in the field of archaeological research has become increasingly more complicated, particularly in response to the recent growth of contract archaeology. The past is not in fact "dead and buried," and ethical questions about this living record demand an ongoing discussion within the social and cultural groups who interpret this record. Authored largely by members of the Society for American Archaeology Ethics Committee, this up-to-date edited volume of original articles tackles issues such as the origins of and theory behind archaeological ethics, as well as archaeologists' responsibilities to the archaeological record, to diverse publics, to each other, and to their students. The book promises to fuel a critical debate among professionals and will be an important tool for training the next generation of archaeologists. Published in cooperation with the Society for American Archaeology. Published in cooperation with the Society for American Archaeology.

Download or read book The Ethics of Anthropology and Amerindian Research written by Richard J. Chacon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decision to publish scholarly findings bearing on the question of Amerindian environmental degradation, warfare, and/or violence is one that weighs heavily on anthropologists. This burden stems from the fact that documentation of this may render descendant communities vulnerable to a host of predatory agendas and hostile modern forces. Consequently, some anthropologists and community advocates alike argue that such culturally and socially sensitive, and thereby, politically volatile information regarding Amerindian-induced environmental degradation and warfare should not be reported. This admonition presents a conundrum for anthropologists and other social scientists employed in the academy or who work at the behest of tribal entities. This work documents the various ethical dilemmas that confront anthropologists, and researchers in general, when investigating Amerindian communities. The contributions to this volume explore the ramifications of reporting--and, specifically,--of non-reporting instances of environmental degradation and warfare among Amerindians. Collectively, the contributions in this volume, which extend across the disciplines of archaeology, anthropology, ethnohistory, ethnic studies, philosophy, and medicine, argue that the non-reporting of environmental mismanagement and violence in Amerindian communities generally harms not only the field of anthropology but the Amerindian populations themselves.

Download or read book Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice written by Ethan Watrall and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2022-06-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the use of digital methods in heritage studies and archaeological research The two volumes of Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice bring together archaeologists and heritage professionals from private, public, and academic sectors to discuss practical applications of digital and computational approaches to the field. Contributors thoughtfully explore the diverse and exciting ways in which digital methods are being deployed in archaeological interpretation and analysis, museum collections and archives, and community engagement, as well as the unique challenges that these approaches bring. In this volume, essays address methods for preparing and analyzing archaeological data, focusing on preregistration of research design and 3D digital topography. Next, contributors use specific case studies to discuss data structuring, with an emphasis on creating and maintaining large data sets and working with legacy data. Finally, the volume offers insights into ethics and professionalism, including topics such as access to data, transparency and openness, scientific reproducibility, open-access heritage resources, Indigenous sovereignty, structural racial inequalities, and machine learning. Digital Heritage and Archaeology in Practice highlights the importance of community, generosity, and openness in the use of digital tools and technologies. Providing a purposeful counterweight to the idea that digital archaeology requires expensive infrastructure, proprietary software, complicated processes, and opaque workflows, these volumes privilege perspectives that embrace straightforward and transparent approaches as models for the future. Contributors: Lynne Goldstein | Ethan Watrall | Brian Ballsun-Stanton | Rachel Opitz | Sebastian Heath | Jolene Smith | Philip I Buckland | Adela Sobotkova | Petra Hermankova | Theresa Huntsman | Heather Richards-Rissetto | Ben Marwick | Li-Ying Wang | Carrie Heitman | Neha Gupta | Ramona Nicholas | Susan Blair | Jeremy Huggett

Download or read book Ethical Archaeologies written by Springer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-14 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archaeology is no longer an invasive and androcentric pastime practiced by European dilettantes with shared ‘values.’ But Archaeology remains burdened by imperial, colonial and neo-colonial values that linger and fester. Codified, these values harden into ‘ethics’ with culturally and temporally absolute foundations. However, in earlier Western and other cultures’ thoughts and deeds, ethics are acknowledged as contextual, shifting and negotiated entanglements of intent and practice that often conflict. The word’s derivation from the Greek ēthika philosophia or “moral philosophy” explicitly situates ethics as socially and politically constructed. Archaeology can study ethical formations by employing different timescales ranging from the longue duree to the very short term and by focusing its potent techniques of cultural surveillance on the origin, history and application of ‘ethics’ in diverse cultural, economic, political and temporal contexts. However, archaeologists can also mask these contexts unless they are adequately aware of Archaeology’s history and of their location in a ‘globalised’ world order. Archaeologists must balance personal, situational and institutional ethics with regard to people, objects and places past, present and future – no easy task. For example, is ‘looting’ artefacts to feed one’s family ethical? How is excavation – a destructive technique – ever justified? Is modern Indigenous re-use of artefacts, places and symbols cultural appropriation or cultural continuation? Do objects and landscapes have ‘rights’? Responses to such questions are seldom absolute, but neither need they be debilitatingly relativistic. By adopting global coverage that pairs cutting-edge theory with successful and failed case studies, lacunae surrounding foundational disciplinary concepts like the archaeological ‘record’; ‘stewardship’, ‘multivocality’, as well broader concerns of race, class and gender can be discussed and acted upon - materialising a negotiated best practice for the social sciences in a post-colonial world. Ethical Archaeologies: the politics of social justice would use established and emergent expertise in southern and northern hemispheres to comprehensively and accessibly discuss ethics in the practice of archaeology and related fields such as anthropology, museology, indigenous studies, law, education, heritage management and tourism.

Download or read book Violence and the Philosophical Imaginary written by Ann V. Murphy and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2012-04-11 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Images of violence enjoy a particular privilege in contemporary continental philosophy, one manifest in the ubiquity of violent metaphors and the prominence of a kind of rhetorical investment in violence as a motif. Such images have also informed, constrained, and motivated recent continental feminist theory. In Violence and the Philosophical Imaginary, Ann V. Murphy takes note of wide-ranging references to the themes of violence and vulnerability in contemporary theory. She considers the ethical and political implications of this language of violence with the aim of revealing other ways in which identity and the social bond might be imagined, and encourages some critical distance from the images of violence that pervade philosophical critique.

Download or read book The Bioarchaeology of Structural Violence written by Lori A. Tremblay and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a resource for bioarchaeologists interested in using a structural violence framework to better understand and contextualize the lived experiences of past populations. One of the most important elements of bioarchaeological research is the study of health disparities in past populations. This book offers an analysis of such work, but with the benefit of an overarching theoretical framework. It examines the theoretical framework used by scholars in cultural and medical anthropology to explore how social, political, and/or socioeconomic structures and institutions create inequalities resulting in health disparities for the most vulnerable or marginalized segments of contemporary populations. It then takes this framework and shows how it can allow researchers in bioarchaeology to interpret such socio-cultural factors through analyzing human skeletal remains of past populations. The book discusses the framework and its applications based on two main themes: the structural violence of gender inequality and the structural violence of social and socioeconomic inequalities.

Download or read book Archeology of Violence new edition written by Pierre Clastres and published by Semiotext(e). This book was released on 2010-10-08 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clastres's final, posthumous book on the affirmative role of violence in “primitive societies.” The war machine is the motor of the social machine; the primitive social being relies entirely on war, primitive society cannot survive without war. The more war there is, the less unification there is, and the best enemy of the State is war. Primitive society is society against the State in that it is society-for-war.—from the Archeology of Violence Anthropologist and ethnographer Pierre Clastres was a major influence on Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's Anti-Oedipus, and his writings formed an essential chapter in the discipline of political anthropology. The posthumous publication in French of Archeology of Violence in 1980 gathered together Clastres's final groundbreaking essays and the opening chapters of the book he had begun before his death in 1977 at the age of 43. Elaborating upon the conclusions of such earlier works as Society Against the State, in these essays Clastres critiques his former mentor, Claude Lévi-Strauss, and devastatingly rejects the orthodoxy of Marxist anthropology and other Western interpretive models of “primitive societies.” Discarding the traditional anthropological understanding of war among South American Indians as arising from a scarcity of resources, Clastres instead identifies violence among these peoples as a deliberate means to territorial segmentation and the avoidance of a State formation. In their refusal to separate the political from the social, and in their careful control of their tribal chiefs—who are rendered weak so as to remain dependent on the communities they represent—the “savages” Clastres presents prove to be shrewd political minds who resist in advance any attempt at “globalization.”The essays in this, Clastres's final book, cover subjects ranging from ethnocide and shamanism to “primitive” power and economy, and are as vibrant and engaging as they were thirty years ago. This new edition—which includes an introduction by Eduardo Viverios de Castro—holds even more relevance for readers in today's an era of malaise and globalization.

Download or read book Bending Archaeology Toward Social Justice written by Barbara J. Little and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces an analytic model for how archaeologists can work toward social justice

Download or read book Archaeologies of Hitler s Arctic War written by Oula Seitsonen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the archaeology and heritage of the German military presence in Finnish Lapland during the Second World War, framing this northern, overlooked WWII material legacy from the nearly forgotten Arctic front as ‘dark heritage’ – a concrete reminder of Finns siding with the Nazis, often seen as polluting ‘war junk’ that ruins the ‘pristine natural beauty’ of Lapland’s wilderness. The scholarship herein provides fresh perspectives to contemporary discussions on heritage perception and ownership, indigenous rights, community empowerment, relational ontologies and also the ongoing worldwide refugee crisis.

Download or read book Ethical Approaches to Human Remains written by Kirsty Squires and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 649 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first of its kind, combining international perspectives on the current ethical considerations and challenges facing bioarchaeologists in the recovery, analysis, curation, and display of human remains. It explores how museum curators, commercial practitioners, forensic anthropologists, and bioarchaeologists deal with ethical issues pertaining to human remains in traditional and digital settings around the world. The book not only raises key ethical questions concerning the study, display, and curation of skeletal remains that bioarchaeologists must face and overcome in different countries, but also explores how this global community can work together to increase awareness of similar and, indeed, disparate ethical considerations around the world and how they can be addressed in working practices. The key aspects addressed include ethics in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology, the excavation, curation, and display of human remains, repatriation, and new imaging techniques. As such, the book offers an ideal guide for students and practitioners in the fields of bioarchaeology, osteoarchaeology, forensic anthropology, medical anthropology, archaeology, anatomy, museum and archive studies, and philosophy, detailing how some ethical dilemmas have been addressed and which future dilemmas need to be considered.

Download or read book Multivocal Archaeologies of the Pacific War 1941 45 written by Ben Raffield and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-21 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume draws together the ground-breaking work of researchers and archaeological practitioners, working in multiple countries, to explore and understand the material and cultural impacts of the Pacific War. The combat taking place in the Pacific region during the years 1941–45 was characterized by a brutality and violence unmatched in any other theatre of the Second World War. Described by indigenous Micronesians as a ‘typhoon,’ the war was an unstoppable force that rolled across the islanders’ homes, leaving only a trail of destruction in its wake, with physical, psychological, and cultural impacts that continue to resonate today. This difficult period is examined in a variety of ways through chapters that include targeted studies of archaeological sites, wider surveys of battlefield landscapes, and the ways in which we commemorate the experiences and legacies of both combatants and civilian populations. The translation of important research by Okinawan, Japanese, and Russian archaeologists brings into focus regions that have previously been neglected in Anglophone literature, and enriches this comprehensive exploration of the archaeology of the Pacific War. This book will be of interest to archaeological practitioners, students, and members of the general public working in conflict studies or with an interest in the material culture, history, and legacies of the Pacific War.

Download or read book The Other s War written by Tarik Kochi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-05-07 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Other's War is an intervention into a set of contemporary moral, political and legal debates over the legitimacy of war and terrorism within the context of the so-called global War on Terror. Tarik Kochi considers how, despite the variety of its approaches – just war theory, classical realist, post-Kantian, poststructuralist – contemporary ethical, political and legal philosophy still struggles to produce a convincing account of war. Focusing on the philosophical problem of the rightness of war, The Other's War responds to this lack. Through a discussion of a number of key Western intellectual traditions, Kochi demonstrates how often conflicting and contradictory conceptions of war’s rightness have developed in modernity. He shows how a process of ordering violence around different notions of right has constantly redrawn the boundaries of what constitutes ‘legitimate’ violence. Such a process has consequences for anyone who claims to be fighting a ‘just war’. Building upon this account and drawing upon the philosophical heritage of G.W.F. Hegel and Ernst Bloch, The Other’s War proposes a new understanding of war, not just as a social condition characterised by violent conflict and struggles for power, but as the attempt of individuals and groups to realise their normative claims through violence. Kochi argues that both of these aspects of war are an expression of the metaphysics of human subjectivity. War begins with, and is the radical exaggeration of, a fundamental activity of human subjectivity, in which the subject constitutes its normative and material identity; realising and positing itself through acts that involve negation and violence. By drawing consideration of the problem of war back to the level of a philosophical examination of the metaphysics of human subjectivity, The Other's War develops a novel theory of war that helps us to better understand the nature of contemporary conflict as a process of recognition. From this perspective, judgment, it is concluded, needs to be constantly guided by the effort to recognise the ethics of the other's war.

Download or read book The Ethics of Anthropology and Amerindian Research written by Richard J. Chacon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-14 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decision to publish scholarly findings bearing on the question of Amerindian environmental degradation, warfare, and/or violence is one that weighs heavily on anthropologists. This burden stems from the fact that documentation of this may render descendant communities vulnerable to a host of predatory agendas and hostile modern forces. Consequently, some anthropologists and community advocates alike argue that such culturally and socially sensitive, and thereby, politically volatile information regarding Amerindian-induced environmental degradation and warfare should not be reported. This admonition presents a conundrum for anthropologists and other social scientists employed in the academy or who work at the behest of tribal entities. This work documents the various ethical dilemmas that confront anthropologists, and researchers in general, when investigating Amerindian communities. The contributions to this volume explore the ramifications of reporting--and, specifically,--of non-reporting instances of environmental degradation and warfare among Amerindians. Collectively, the contributions in this volume, which extend across the disciplines of archaeology, anthropology, ethnohistory, ethnic studies, philosophy, and medicine, argue that the non-reporting of environmental mismanagement and violence in Amerindian communities generally harms not only the field of anthropology but the Amerindian populations themselves.

Download or read book Unforgettable Encounters Understanding Participation in Italian Community Archaeology written by Francesco Ripanti and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2022-10-13 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether as excavators and re-enactors, or co-organising research campaigns and outreach activities, the participation of the general public in archaeology has become a well-represented practice, but the impact remains underexplored. Evaluating participation can influence fieldwork practice and enrich the academic discussion on public archaeology.

Download or read book The Archaeology History and Heritage of WWII Karst Defenses in the Pacific written by Julie Mushynsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an archaeological study of the cultures of conflict through an examination of caves and tunnels used during the Pacific War. Referred to here as “karst defenses,” WWII caves and tunnels can be found throughout the karst landscapes of the Pacific. Karst defenses have been hidden, literally by the jungle and figuratively by history, for over 70 years. Based on a study of karst defenses and their related artifacts and oral histories in Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, this book uses karst defenses to investigate the varied human experiences before, during and after the Pacific War. Historically, the book reveals new knowledge about the overall defense strategies used in the Pacific. Karst defenses were a central component of Pacific War defense and were constructed and used by civilians, the Japanese military and U.S. troops as early as 1942. Karst defenses also functioned as command posts, hospitals, shelters, storage units and combat positions. The book sheds light on the social aspects that influenced the construction and use of karst defenses, including the fragmented relationship between the Imperial Japanese Navy and the Imperial Japanese Army, the social status of civilians under Japanese rule and the clandestine plans of the U.S. in Micronesia. The book also discusses the complex contemporary meanings of this dark, shared heritage.