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Book Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Earth s Surface and Atmosphere

Download or read book Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Earth s Surface and Atmosphere written by 0 Pampaloni and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a selection of refereed papers presented at the 6 Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment held in Florence, Italy on March 15-18, 1999. Over the last two decades, passive microwave remote sensing has made considerable progress, and has achieved significant results in the study of the Earth's surface and atmosphere. Many years of observations with ground-based and satellite-borne sensors have made an important contribution to improving our knowledge of many geophysical processes of the Earth's environment and of global changes. The evolution in microwave radiometers aboard satellites has increased steadily over recent years. At the same time, many investigations have been carried out both to improve the algorithms for the retrieval of geophysical parameters and to develop new technologies. The book is divided into four main sections: three of these are devoted to the observation of the Earth's surface and atmosphere, and the fourth, to future missions and new technologies. The first section deals with the study of sea and land surfaces, and reports recent advances in remote sensing of ocean wind, sea ice, soil moisture and vegetation biomass, including electromagnetic modelling and the assimilation of radiometric data in models of land surface processes. The following two sections are devoted to the measurement of atmospheric quantities which are of fundamental importance in climatology and meteorology, and, since they influence radio-wave propagation, they also impact on several other fields, including geodesy, navigational satellite and radioastronomy. The last section presents an overview of new technologies and plans for future missions.

Book Weighting Function Analysis for the Penn State Upper Atmospheric Water Vapor Microwave Radiometer Experiment

Download or read book Weighting Function Analysis for the Penn State Upper Atmospheric Water Vapor Microwave Radiometer Experiment written by Richard M. Bevilacqua and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The measurement of water vapor in the middle atmosphere by microwave radiometry, using the 22.235 GHz water vapor absorption line, is being pursued at the Ionosphere Research Laboratory and the Department of Meteorology here at Penn State. In this report the weighting functions which are required in order to invert the radiance data to obtain the corresponding water vapor profile are derived and calculated. An examination of these weighting functions indicates that, with our instrument, water vapor measurements can successfully be made in the 50 to 85 km altitude range. (Author).

Book Initial Evaluation of Profiles of Temperature Water Vapor and Cloud Liquid Water from a New Microwave Profiling Radiometer

Download or read book Initial Evaluation of Profiles of Temperature Water Vapor and Cloud Liquid Water from a New Microwave Profiling Radiometer written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To measure the vertical profiles of temperature and water vapor that are essential for modeling atmospheric processes, the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program of the U.S. Department of Energy launches approximately 2600 radiosondes each year from its Southern Great Plains (SGP) facilities in Oklahoma and Kansas, USA. The annual cost of this effort exceeds $500,000 in materials and labor. Despite the expense, these soundings have a coarse temporal resolution and reporting interval compared with model time steps. In contrast, the radiation measurements used for model evaluations have temporal resolutions and reporting intervals of a few minutes at most. Conversely, radiosondes have a much higher vertical spatial resolution than most models can use. Modelers generally reduce the vertical resolution of the soundings by averaging over the vertical layers of the model. Recently, Radiometries Corporation (Boulder, Colorado, USA) developed a 12-channel, ground-based microwave radiometer capable of providing continuous, real-time vertical profiles of temperature, water vapor, and limited-resolution cloud liquid water from the surface to 10 km in nearly all weather conditions. The microwave radiometer profiler (MWRP) offers a much finer temporal resolution and reporting interval (about 10 minutes) than the radiosonde but a coarser vertical resolution that may be more appropriate for models. Profiles of temperature, water vapor, and cloud liquid water are obtained at 47 levels: from 0 to 1 km above ground level at 100-m intervals and from 1 to 10 km at 250-m intervals. The profiles are derived from the measured brightness temperatures with neural network retrieval. In Figure 1, profiles of temperature, water vapor, and cloud liquid water for 10 May 2000 are presented as time-height plots. MWRP profiles coincident with the 11:31 UTC (05:31 local) and 23:47 UTC (17:47 local) soundings for 10 May are presented in Figures 2 and 3, respectively. These profiles illustrate typical performance for temperature inversion and lapse conditions.

Book Shallow Clouds Water Vapor Circulation and Climate Sensitivity

Download or read book Shallow Clouds Water Vapor Circulation and Climate Sensitivity written by Robert Pincus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a series of overview articles arising from a workshop exploring the links among shallow clouds, water vapor, circulation, and climate sensitivity. It provides a state-of-the art synthesis of understanding about the coupling of clouds and water vapor to the large-scale circulation. The emphasis is on two phenomena, namely the self-aggregation of deep convection and interactions between low clouds and the large-scale environment, with direct links to the sensitivity of climate to radiative perturbations. Each subject is approached using simulations, observations, and synthesizing theory; particular attention is paid to opportunities offered by new remote-sensing technologies, some still prospective. The collection provides a thorough grounding in topics representing one of the World Climate Research Program’s Grand Challenges. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 38, Issue 6, 2017 The aritcles “Observing Convective Aggregation”, “An Observational View of Relationships Between Moisture Aggregation, Cloud, and Radiative Heating Profiles”, “Implications of Warm Rain in Shallow Cumulus and Congestus Clouds for Large-Scale Circulations”, “A Survey of Precipitation-Induced Atmospheric Cold Pools over Oceans and Their Interactions with the Larger-Scale Environment”, “Low-Cloud Feedbacks from Cloud-Controlling Factors: A Review”, “Mechanisms and Model Diversity of Trade-Wind Shallow Cumulus Cloud Feedbacks: A Review”, “Structure and Dynamical Influence of Water Vapor in the Lower Tropical Troposphere”, “Emerging Technologies and Synergies for Airborne and Space-Based Measurements of Water Vapor Profiles”, “Observational Constraints on Cloud Feedbacks: The Role of Active Satellite Sensors”, and “EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation” are available as open access articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

Book Passive Microwave and Hyperspectral Infrared Retrievals of Atmospheric Water Vapor Profiles

Download or read book Passive Microwave and Hyperspectral Infrared Retrievals of Atmospheric Water Vapor Profiles written by Jay Brian Hancock and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Atmospheric Water Vapor

Download or read book Atmospheric Water Vapor written by Adarsh Deepak and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-25 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric Water Vapor contains the technical proceedings of the International Workshop on Atmospheric Water Vapor held in Vail, Colorado, on September 11-13, 1979. The papers assess the state-of-the-art in measurement, modeling, and application of atmospheric water vapor properties and highlight important problems that require further effort in order to better understand the atmosphere itself as well as the electromagnetic propagation through the atmosphere. Comprised of 39 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the optics and spectroscopy of water vapor. Some actual spectra showing the problems specific to the water molecule are described, along with the method used to calculate precise vibration-rotation energy levels and wave functions. Atmospheric infrared transmission measurements in maritime locations are also presented. Subsequent sections explore microwave and millimeter wave phenomena; geoastrophysical applications; and in situ measurements, remote sensing, and meteorology of water vapor. The final chapters deal with the microphysics and atmospheric chemistry of water vapor. This monograph will be of interest to scientists from universities, government agencies, research laboratories, and industry.

Book Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing Applications

Download or read book Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing Applications written by P. Pampaloni and published by VSP. This book was released on 1989-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers by well renowned scientists from all over world --- including Eastern Europe --- which were presented during a specialist meeting on microwave radiometry and its applications to remote sensing of the atmosphere and the surface of the earth held in Florence, Italy, in March 1988. The book is divided into five sections, some of which contain review papers which summarize the most recent advances in the field. The sections are: -- Microwave radiometry of the earth's surface -- Dielectric properties of natural materials -- Microwave radiometry of the atmosphere -- Synergism of passive and active microwave remote sensors -- Technology of passive microwave systems

Book Atmospheric Remote Sensing by Microwave Radiometry

Download or read book Atmospheric Remote Sensing by Microwave Radiometry written by Michael A. Janssen and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1993-03-22 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly growing area, remote sensing is crucial to the effort of modeling the earth's atmosphere and collecting such fundamental data as temperature, winds, pressures, water vapor distribution, clouds and other active constituents. This information enables us to test existing models of the atmosphere's energy balance, depletion of the ozone layer, climatic trends and other essential environmental data. Also discussed is the application of microwave remote sensing techniques to the atmospheres of planets other than the earth.

Book Information Content Analysis for the Penn State Upper Atmospheric Water Vapor Microwave Radiometer Experiment

Download or read book Information Content Analysis for the Penn State Upper Atmospheric Water Vapor Microwave Radiometer Experiment written by Jung-Jung Tsou and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ground based, microwave radiometer system is being completed at IRL which will be used to measure mesospheric water vapor. The present study addresses itself to the basic radiative transfer of this experiment and to the interaction between the atmosphere and electromagnetic radiation. Using a classical mathematical analysis of the data inversion process an estimation of the true information content of the received data is produced. This process depends critically upon the structure of the weighting functions as was anticipated. The result of this study is that the present radiometer system should have four clearly independent pieces of information per profile, with a fifth piece possible, for realistic estimates of system errors. (Author).

Book Ground Based Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing

Download or read book Ground Based Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing written by Pranab Kumar Karmakar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-11-04 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to effectively monitor the atmosphere on a continuous basis requires remote sensing in microwave. Written for physicists and engineers working in the area of microwave sensing of the atmosphere, Ground-Based Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing: Methods and Applications is completely devoted to ground-based remote sensing. This text

Book Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of The Environment

Download or read book Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of The Environment written by Domenico Solimini and published by VSP. This book was released on 1995-09 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a collection of refereed papers which were presented at the Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment, 14--17 February 1994, Rome, Italy. The last decade has marked a period of steady advancement and new developments in the observation of the terrestrial environment by passive microwave sensors. Both ground-based and satellite-borne systems have improved their accuracy, stability and spatial resolution and are providing a wealth of quantitative data, which are increasingly being employed in application-oriented projects. The contributions in this volume cover different fields of applications of microwave radiometry, the various observation and retrieval techniques and the recent technological developments. The articles are divided into four sections: measurement of atmospheric water vapor and cloud liquid, measurement of rain, observation of the surface, and new radiometric systems.

Book Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement

Download or read book Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement written by Stephen A. Dyer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-07 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In-depth coverage of instrumentation and measurement from the Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering The Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement features 97 articles selected from the Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, the one truly indispensable reference for electrical engineers. Together, these articles provide authoritative coverage of the important topic of instrumentation and measurement. This collection also, for the first time, makes this information available to those who do not have access to the full 24-volume encyclopedia. The entire encyclopedia is available online-visit www.interscience.wiley.com/EEEE for more details. Articles are grouped under sections devoted to the major topics in instrumentation and measurement, including: * Sensors and transducers * Signal conditioning * General-purpose instrumentation and measurement * Electrical variables * Electromagnetic variables * Mechanical variables * Time, frequency, and phase * Noise and distortion * Power and energy * Instrumentation for chemistry and physics * Interferometers and spectrometers * Microscopy * Data acquisition and recording * Testing methods The articles collected here provide broad coverage of this important subject and make the Wiley Survey of Instrumentation and Measurement a vital resource for researchers and practitioners alike

Book Microwave Radiation of the Ocean Atmosphere

Download or read book Microwave Radiation of the Ocean Atmosphere written by Alexander G. Grankov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-18 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book describes different approaches to the analysis of heat and dynamic processes in the ocean-atmospheric interface with satellite passive radiometric observations at microwaves. It examines the feasibility of determining synoptic, seasonal and year-to-year variations of sensible, latent and momentum fluxes to a useful accuracy using the DMSP SSM/I and EOS Aqua AMSR-E data directly from the measured brightness temperatures. An important object in the studies is the North Atlantic with emphasize on the areas with high midlatitude cyclon activity: here the main results have been obtained by combining data from the vessel experiments NEWFOUEX-88, ATLANTEX-90 and the data of microwave radiometers from the DMSP and EOS Aqua satellites. The role of vertical turbulent and horizontal advective heat transfer in forming interrelations between the brightness temperature of the system ocean-atmosphere and surface heat fluxes in the range of synoptic time scales is analyzed. Special sections of the book describe some results of analysis of reaction of the system ocean-atmosphere on passing of the tropical cyclone Katrina (August 2005) in the Florida Strait as well as a behavior of the system in the period of a time preceding to origination the cyclone Humberto (September 2007) in the Mexico Gulf. The long-term goal of this research is the search for effects and regularities, which can explain the reasons for the tropical cyclones appearance. Some characteristics of the tropical cyclones (brightness temperature and heat contrasts, etc.) are compared with those for midlatitude cyclones. At the same time as covering a key topic area with implications for global warming research, this text is also usefull to students who want to gain insight into application of satellite microwave radiometric methods for studying the air-sea interaction. Key themes: microwave radiometry, air-sea interaction, midlatitude and tropical cyclones, atmosphere boundary layer, heat and momentum surface fluxes.