Download or read book Estimation de param tres cl s li s la gestion d un r seau de distribution d eau potable written by Christophe Dumora and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'essor des données générées par les capteurs et par les outils opérationnels autour de la gestion des réseaux d'alimentation en eau potable (AEP) rendent ces systèmes de plus en plus complexes et de façon générale les événements plus difficiles à appréhender. L'historique de données lié à la qualité de l'eau distribuée croisé avec la connaissance du patrimoine réseau, des données contextuelles et des paramètres temporels amène à étudier un système complexe de par sa volumétrie et l'existence d'interactions entre ces différentes données de natures diverses pouvant varier dans le temps et l'espace. L'utilisation de graphes mathématiques permet de regrouper toute cette diversité et fournit une représentation complète des réseaux AEP ainsi que les évènements pouvant y survenir ou influer sur leur bon fonctionnement. La théorie des graphes associées à ces graphes mathématiques permet une analyse structurelle et spectrale des réseaux ainsi constitués afin de répondre à des problématiques métiers concrètes et d'améliorer des processus internes existants. Ces graphes sont ensuite utilisés pour répondre au problème d'inférence sur les noeuds d'un très grand graphe à partir de l'observation partielle de quelques données sur un faible nombre de noeuds. Une approche par algorithme d'optimisation sur les graphes est utilisée pour construire une variable numérique de débit en tout noeuds du graphe (et donc en tout point du réseau physique) à l'aide d'algorithme de flots et des données issues des débitmètres réseau. Ensuite une approche de prédiction par noyau reposant sur un estimateur pénalisé de type Ridge, qui soulève des problèmes d'analyse spectrale de grande matrice creuse, permet l'inférence d'un signal observé sur un certains nombre de noeuds en tout point d'un réseau AEP.
Download or read book Mod lisation du fonctionnement d un r seau written by Olivier Piller and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LE BUT DE CETTE THESE EST DE REALISER LA MODELISATION DU FONCTIONNEMENT D'UN RESEAU D'ALIMENTATION EN EAU POTABLE, EN REGIME PERMANENT, EN ADOPTANT UNE BONNE STRATEGIE DE MESURE. ELLE COMPREND TROIS PARTIES: LA RESOLUTION DES EQUATIONS D'EQUILIBRAGE HYDRAULIQUE, CELLE DU PROBLEME DE L'IDENTIFICATION DU RESEAU ET CELLE DU CHOIX DES MESURES. LES LOIS RELIANT LES DEBITS ET LES CHARGES ETANT CONNUES, LES CONSOMMATIONS DES USAGERS ET LES CHARGES AUX NUDS RESERVOIR ETANT FIXEES, ON CALCULE LES DEBITS DANS LES ARCS ET LES CHARGES AUX NUDS OU ELLES SONT INCONNUES, EN RESOLVANT UN PROBLEME D'OPTIMISATION CONVEXE SOUS DES CONTRAINTES CONVEXES, APPELE PROBLEME DE L'ANALYSE. UNE MODIFICATION DES EQUATIONS CONSTITUTIVES OU LOIS DE PERTE DE CHARGE, PERMET DE DEFINIR UNE FAMILLE DE PROBLEMES APPROCHES DONT LA SOLUTION TEND VERS CELLE DU PROBLEME DE L'ANALYSE ET POUR LESQUELS LA FONCTION A MINIMISER EST FORTEMENT CONVEXE DEUX FOIS CONTINUMENT DIFFERENTIABLE. APRES REDUCTION DU NOMBRE DES INCONNUES, LE PROBLEME DE L'IDENTIFICATION DU RESEAU CONSISTE A CHERCHER LES MEILLEURES ESTIMATIONS DE CLASSES DE RUGOSITES ET DE CLASSES DE DEMANDES. ON CHERCHE A RESOUDRE UN PROBLEME DES MOINDRES CARRES, NON LINEAIRE, SOUS CONTRAINTES. LES MESURES SONT CHOISIES EN NATURE, EN PLACE ET EN NOMBRE POUR MINIMISER L'INFLUENCE D'ERREURS DE MESURE SUR L'ESTIMATION DU VECTEUR D'ETAT. ON RESOUT CE PROBLEME PAR UN ALGORITHME GLOUTON, POUR LEQUEL A CHAQUE ETAPE ON DETERMINE LA MEILLEURE MESURE
Download or read book GESTION OPTIMALE DES RESEAUX D EAU POTABLE written by Florent Guhl and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: POUR QUE DES OUTILS DE GESTION OPTIMALE DES RESEAUX D'EAU POTABLE SOIENT UTILISES PAR LES GESTIONNAIRES DE CES RESEAUX, IL EST INDISPENSABLE QU'ILS SOIENT LES PLUS COMPLETS ET LES PLUS ROBUSTES POSSIBLE. LE TRAVAIL PRESENTE ICI A POUR BUT DE COMPLETER LES MODELES D'OPTIMISATION ELABORES DEPUIS UNE QUINZAINE D'ANNEES. IL EST DICTE PAR UNE VOLONTE DE CONSTRUIRE DES MODELES DEMANDANT DES TEMPS DE CALCUL COURTS AFIN DE POUVOIR LES UTILISER DANS UNE GESTION EN TEMPS REEL. C'EST POUR CETTE RAISON QUE NOUS PRIVILEGIONS LES MODELES A BASE DE GRAPHES ET DE PROGRAMMATION LINEAIRE. IL S'AGIT TOUT D'ABORD D'AMELIORER LA QUALITE DES ENTREES DES MODELES D'OPTIMISATION EN PROPOSANT DES MODELES DE PREVISION DE LA DEMANDE DE BONNE QUALITE MAIS AUSSI EN INTEGRANT LES ERREURS RESIDUELLES AUX MODELES D'OPTIMISATION. LE DEUXIEME GRAND VOLET DE CE TRAVAIL CONSISTE A PRENDRE EN COMPTE DANS DES MODELES LINEAIRES DES ASPECTS HYDRAULIQUES DELICATS. LE PREMIER ASPECT EST LA NECESSAIRE CONTINUITE DE FONCTIONNEMENT DE CERTAINS OUVRAGES SUR UN RESEAU D'EAU POTABLE ET LE DEUXIEME EST L'INFLUENCE DE L'ETAT DU RESEAU SUR LES COUTS ET LES CAPACITES DE TRANSIT ENTRE LES OUVRAGES. LA PRISE EN COMPTE DES CONTRAINTES DE CONTINUITE EST RESOLUE PAR UNE METHODE DE PROGRAMMATION LINEAIRE EN NOMBRES MIXTES. LES TEMPS DE CALCUL PEUVENT DANS CERTAINS CAS RESTER COMPATIBLES AVEC L'OBJECTIF D'UNE GESTION EN TEMPS REEL. L'INFLUENCE DE L'ETAT DU RESEAU EST TRAITE PAR UNE METHODE DE PROGRAMMATION LINEAIRE SUCCESSIVE. LA CONVERGENCE DE LA METHODE EST MISE EN DEFAUT SUR CERTAINS EXEMPLES. SUR NOTRE SITE D'ETUDE LA CONVERGENCE EST AVEREE. ELLE S'EXPLIQUE PAR UNE DEPENDANCE LIMITEE VIS-A-VIS DES ETATS SE TRADUISANT PAR UNE NON-CONVEXITE FAIBLE.
Download or read book Modele de Donnees Pour L Aide a la Gestion Des Reseaux D Eau Potable written by Lili Zohra and published by Omniscriptum. This book was released on 2015-05-12 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La presente etude avait pour objectif la creation d'un modele de donnees pour les reseaux d'eau potable a partir de l'analyse des fiches d'information elaborees par de la SOciete Nationale d'Exploitation et de Distribution de l'Eau (SONEDE) pour la collecte des donnees sur le terrain. Apres sa validation par le gestionnaire, le modele concu a ete utilise pour la mise en place d'une base de donnees geographique pour le reseau d'eau potable de l'etage de pression Amilcar (dit etage 76). Le couplage du modele SIG avec le logiciel Epanet a permis d'elaborer et de caler un modele hydraulique pour le reseau d'eau potable en question. L'analyse de ce modele a permis de localiser des zones de surpression ou la mise en place de reducteurs de pression etait donc fortement recommandee."
Download or read book Production d eau potable written by Bernard Legube and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Une eau est dite "potable" (ou "destinée à la consommation humaine") quand elle satisfait à un certain nombre de paramètres réglementés qui ne sont pas toujours faciles à satisfaire, notamment sous la pression des usages et des effets déjà visibles et attendus du changement climatique sur la ressource en eau. Cette nouvelle édition s'enrichit de développements concernant les impacts du changement climatique (disponibilité et qualité des ressources, traitement et coût de l'eau potable et l'évaluation et la gestion des risques sanitaires. Elle décrit également, en tenant compte des avancées récentes, les différents procédés de traitement des eaux (clarification, affinage, traitements spécifiques et désinfection) conventionnels et avancés, les aspects théoriques et techniques de dimensionnement, d'exploitation et de suivi des usines, ainsi que les performances à attendre, la maîtrise des dysfonctionnements et la lutte contre les non-conformités. Elle est destinée aux techniciens et ingénieurs chargés de la production et du contrôle sanitaire, aux bureaux d'études, ainsi qu'aux étudiants et enseignants. Ses développements sur l'eau potable en général, les effets du changement climatique, les risques sanitaires et les paramètres de qualités s'adressent également à tous les publics intéressés.
Download or read book Mod lisation et commande optimale d un r seau de distribution d eau potable written by René Amoretti and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DANS LE MONDE INDUSTRIALISE, LES BESOINS EN EAU SONT EN FORTE CROISSANCE. CES ACCROISSEMENTS, AINSI QUE L'AMELIORATION DE LA QUALITE EXIGEE PAR LES CONSOMMATEURS ENTRAINENT POUR LE DISTRIBUTEUR LA NECESSITE DE MAITRISER DES OUVRAGES DE PLUS EN PLUS COMPLEXES ET AUSSI DE CONTENIR SES COUTS D'EXPLOITATION DANS UNE LIMITE COMPATIBLE AVEC LES CONTRAINTES FINANCIERES DES COLLECTIVITES. CE MEMOIRE PRESENTE. D'UNE PART PART UNE DESCRIPTION DE LA PROBLEMATIQUE LIEE AU SUJET ET NOTAMMENT: LA MODELISATION D'UN RESEAU DE REPRESENTATION GENERALE DES ADDUCTIONS D'EAU PAR POMPAGE, SON OBSERVABILITE, SA COMMANDABILITE; L'ESTIMATION DES VARIABLES NON CONTROLEES (CONSOMMATIONS, RESSOURCES GRAVITAIRES); L'OPTIMISATION EN REGARD DU CRITERE COUT ET DU RESPECT DES CONTRAINTES DE HAUTEURS D'EAU DANS LES RESERVOIRS. D'AUTRE PART LES ENSEIGNEMENTS TIRES DE LA MISE EN UVRE DE LA STRATEGIE ELABOREE SUR LE RESEAU DU SYNDICAT INTER-COMMUNAL DU FIUM'ORBO EN HAUTE-CORSE QUI REVELENT QUE LES PRINCIPALES DIFFICULTES LIEES A LA MAITRISE DES SYSTEMES DE DISTRIBUTION SE SITUAIENT AU NIVEAU DE LA MESURE DES VARIABLES PHYSIQUES ESSENTIELLES
Download or read book Faecal Sludge Management written by Linda Strande and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.
Download or read book Sustainability written by Rao Y. Surampalli and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive resource to sustainability and its application to the environmental, industrial, agricultural and food security sectors Sustainability fills a gap in the literature in order to provide an important guide to the fundamental knowledge and practical applications of sustainability in a wide variety of areas. The authors – noted experts who represent a number of sustainability fields – bring together in one comprehensive volume the broad range of topics including basic concepts, impact assessment, environmental and the socio-economic aspects of sustainability. In addition, the book covers applications of sustainability in environmental, industrial, agricultural and food security, as well as carbon cycle and infrastructural aspects. Sustainability addresses the challenges the global community is facing due to population growth, depletion of non-renewable resources of energy, environmental degradation, poverty, excessive generation of wastes and more. Throughout the book the authors discuss the economics, ecological, social, technological and systems perspectives of sustainability. This important resource: • Explores the fundamentals as well as the key concepts of sustainability; • Covers basic concepts, impact assessment, environmental and socio-economic aspects, applications of sustainability in environmental, industrial, agricultural and food security, carbon cycle and infrastructural aspects; • Argues the essentiality of sustainability in ensuring the propitious future of earth systems; and • Authored by experts from a range of various fields related to sustainability. Written for researchers and scientists, students and academics, Sustainability: Fundamentals and Applications is a comprehensive book that covers the basic knowledge of the topic combined with practical applications.
Download or read book Management and Ecology of Lake and Reservoir Fisheries written by Ian G. Cowx and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive edited book, international experts infisheries management and ecology review and appraise the status oflake and reservoir fisheries, assessment of fisheries yields,trophic ecology, rehabilitation and conservation, including aspecial section on African lakes where so much information of hugerelevance to fisheries managers is now available. Contributions from around the world. Carefully edited by internationally respected editor. Has been generated from acclaimed HIFI Symposium.
Download or read book Urban Water Infrastructure written by K.E. Schilling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: URBAN WATER INFRASTRUCTURE NATO ADVANCED RESEARCH WORKSHOP SUMMARY 22-27 JUNE 1989 KYLE E SCHILLING P E Workshop Director The Workshop was based on the recognition that all NATO countries are concerned with similar water infrastructure issues. Present problems are aggravated by aging and neglected facilities, by inadequate financing and by water management institutions reflecting the needs of an earlier era. Service needs to be provided for expanding populations, at the same time that corrective measures must be taken for decaying older urban centers, resulting both from neglect and expiring service life. These needs exist within the framewode of other competing and conflicting uses for existing and yet to be developed water sources. The problems have generated some highly visible national debates over financing due to the large sums involved. Despite differences in the age of the North American, European and other societies, the technological ages of water supply and storm water systems are much the same and provide a common denominator in the worldwide trend to urbanization. Examination of approaches to urban water management also indicates that they are generally based on past experience and institutions created in a non-urban era. The physical, financial and institutional alternatives are consequently often out-of-step with current urban environment. Historically, the supply of adequate water and efficient storm water management have also been top priority items with water quality and other aspects of environmental protection assuming a lower priority after basic supply needs have been met.
Download or read book ICREEC 2019 written by Ahmed Belasri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights peer reviewed articles from the 1st International Conference on Renewable Energy and Energy Conversion, ICREEC 2019, held at Oran in Algeria. It presents recent advances, brings together researchers and professionals in the area and presents a platform to exchange ideas and establish opportunities for a sustainable future. Topics covered in this proceedings, but not limited to, are photovoltaic systems, bioenergy, laser and plasma technology, fluid and flow for energy, software for energy and impact of energy on the environment.
Download or read book Terra 2008 written by Leslie Rainer and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-14 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Download or read book Water Agriculture and the Environment in Spain can we square the circle written by Lucia De Stefano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-10-17 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The world water problems are a due to bad governance, not to physical water scarcity." This book is inspired by this statement and explores whether it holds in a specific country, Spain, where climatic conditions – Spain is one of the most arid countries of the European Union - would fully justify saying that water problems are due to physical water scarcity. The metrification of water uses and their monetary value is a first important step in understanding how reallocation of water among users could help mitigating many of current water problems in Spain. However, water reallocation among users or from users to nature is far from simple. Initiatives portrayed as the solution to the water governance ‘jigsaw’ – e.g. water trade, improved water use efficiency, users collective action, public participation – are not free of difficulties and shortcomings. The book explores the growing need for maintaining Spain’s natural capital and the human component of water governance – people’s needs, wishes, (vested) interests, aspirations – that often determine the result of decisions and, sometimes, lead water management to a deadlock. This book takes a step forward in showing a more complex - and also closer to reality - picture of water governance in Spain.
Download or read book China the Health Sector written by Dean T. Jamison and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review of China's health sector begins by noting China's achievements in population control, health status, and nutrition. The policies, sources of financing, and resource use that have contributed to China's successes are cited, and the evolution of several influences on health from outside the sector are discussed, including nutritional improvements, greater access to clean water and sanitary waste disposal, and fertility reduction. Two major challenges now face China's health sector: (i) extending the methods that have been successful to areas where mortality rates and deaths due to infectious diseases remain high; and (ii) developing and implementing approaches to management of chronic disease that combine prevention, low-cost treatment, rehabilitation, and humane care. Major innovation will be essential because resources are limited and plans for meeting the health needs of the population are ambitious. Institutions capable of innovation, experimentation, and analysis of public health problems must be developed. The report includes discussion of specific issues in the sector.
Download or read book Hydrology in a Changing World written by Shailesh Kumar Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-18 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges in hydrological modeling. Hydrology, on both a local and global scale, has undergone dramatic changes, largely due to variations in climate, population growth and the associated land-use and land-cover changes. Written by experts in the field, the book provides decision-makers with a better understanding of the science, impacts, and consequences of these climate and land-use changes on hydrology. Further, offering insights into how the changing behavior of hydrological processes, related uncertainties and their evolution affect the modeling process, it is of interest for all researchers and practitioners using hydrological modeling.
Download or read book Climate Variability and Change written by Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data (Project) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains 117 reviewed papers from over 30 countries, published in English, French and Spanish, which reflect both international dimension of FRIEND and the key challenges facing hydrologists in the 21st century.
Download or read book The Vietnamese City in Transition written by Patrick Gubry and published by Institute of Southeast Asian. This book was released on 2010 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Doi Moi policy of economic renovation was introduced in 1986, Vietnam has undergone deep transformations as a result of the transition to a socialist-oriented market economy. Social and urban transition has taken place in parallel, as urban dynamics were spurred on by Vietnamese public and private stakeholders, and by external agents such as international organizations and international solidarity organizations, experts, consultants and bilateral aid organizations.Here are the results of research carried out by French, Canadian and Vietnamese teams from the north and south of the country on the overarching theme of Vietnamese cities in transition. Some of this research deals with urban dynamics, some with the issues at stake within such dynamics, or with the strategies of the most significant stakeholders in urban transition: civil society, donors within the framework of official aid for development, consultants and international consultancy firms. These projects were carried out between 2001 and 2004 as part of the Urban Research Programme for Development (PRUD), and mainly focus on Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, or both in the case of comparative studies.Is there such a thing as a Vietnamese model of an Asian city? It seems that urban transition in Vietnam is not taking place in as radical and abrupt a manner as in China. The country's capacity for absorbing external models, the quest for a third way between state intervention and economic liberalism, and the fact that the country's architectural heritage is taken into account in urban planning, are just some of the reasons for its particularity. The issues addressed in each chapter, as well as the proposals for further research suggested by the contributors, should act as a catalyst for urban research in Vietnam.
