Download or read book Empirical Essays on Wage Determination and Mobility written by Joseph Laron Kirby and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Labor Markets and Wage Determination written by Clark Kerr and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1977-01-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: USA. Compilation of essays on labour market analysis and wage determination after 1946 - discusses the disaggregation of the labour market, effects of trade unionism on wage determination and income distribution, the impact of wage policy restraints on labour relations, etc. References and statistical tables.

Download or read book Essays on Wage Determination in the Public and Private Sectors written by Alan Bennett Krueger and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Wage Determination in United States Manufacturing written by George De Menil and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 1028 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Interarea Wage Determination written by John Virgil Winters and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two essays concerning the determination of wages across areas. The first essay investigates the equilibrium relationship between wages and prices across labor markets. Of central interest is the extent to which workers receive higher wages to compensate for differences in the cost of living. According to the spatial equilibrium hypothesis, the utility of homogeneous workers should be equal across labor markets. This implies that controlling for amenity differences across areas, the elasticity between wages and the general price level across areas should equal one, at least under certain conditions. We test this hypothesis and find that the predicted relationship holds when housing prices are measured by rents and the general price level is instrumented to account for measurement error. When housing prices are measured by housing values, however, the wage-price elasticity is significantly less than one, even using instrumental variables. Rents reflect the price paid for housing per unit of time and are arguably the superior measure. Thus, findings in this essay provide support for the full compensation hypothesis. These findings also have important implications for researchers estimating the implicit prices of amenities or ranking the quality of life across areas. The second essay uses a national level dataset and a spatial econometric framework to examine the effects of teacher unions and other school district characteristics on teacher salaries. The results confirm that salaries for both experienced and beginning teachers are positively affected by salaries in nearby districts. Investigations of the determinants of teacher salaries that ignore this spatial relationship are likely to be misspecified. We find that union activity increases salaries for experienced teachers by as much as 16-21 percent but increases salaries for beginning teachers by a considerably smaller amount. This result is consistent with predictions from a median voter model.

Download or read book Essays on Wage Determination written by Samuel G. Berlinski and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Union Wage Determination written by Robert John Lemke and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Wage Determination and Labor Market Inequality written by Zoe B. Cullen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores questions in labor economics with a particular focus on economic inequality. As one might expect, race, gender, and location are recurring themes. The dissertation makes headway on long-standing questions in economics, in large part, through the collection of administrative datasets, and complementary field experiments. In the first chapter, I present evidence that employers pay a premium to equalize pay between workers if those workers can share information about their compensation. To establish a causal relationship between pay transparency and wage compression, I work with the operator of an online labor market who granted me access to detailed records of the tasks that employers advertise and the prices at which workers are willing to do them. These data capture the entire wage determination process, making it possible to observe the drivers of wage compression and the gender wage gap. Three facts emerge. First, for a particular multi-worker setting, pay between any two workers differs on average by over fifty percent when workers propose a price for their services. Second, when workers are in the same location, employers deliberately raise the pay of lower bidders, reducing dispersion, irrespective of differences in assessed productivity or reservation values. Finally, employers who compress pay when workers work in the same place will allow disparities when workers are physically separated. Overall, we find that even in this short-term spot market for labor, consideration of relative pay are quantitatively important for both wages and labor supply. We combine these online platform data with a field experiment to show that, with few institutional constraints, paying a premium to compress pay may be efficient when workers can communicate pay. Our field experiment shows that when pay is unequal, workers strategically use information about co-worker pay to negotiate higher wages that can double the time it takes to complete a job. Worker morale response to lower relative pay can lead quality of output to fall by a full standard deviation. An employer can make trade-offs between these costs by adjusting the terms of negotiation or compressing pay. A profit maximizing employer may optimally equalize wages ex-ante in equilibrium. An important extension to this empirical result is the effect of gender on the ramifications of pay transparency. While a male worker who communicates with co-workers is, on average, able to close the wage gap between the highest paid work and himself by 85 percent, a female worker in the same position closes the gap by 12 percent. This result may give pause to advocates of pay transparency policies if their goal is more equal pay for men and women. The second and third chapter examine the relationship between place and productivity. In the second chapter, I study the impact on aggregate productivity of policies that affect a firm's choice of where to locate. In particular, I study the relationship between state corporate taxes and the investment of firms in R& D, as captured by new patents. While tax advantaged-areas make investment cheaper for firms, they often require firms to locate where their productivity will be lower. In this chapter, I create a unique patent-establishment panel dataset by linking the residence of scientists on each patent application granted, over a thirty-year window, with the address of U.S. establishments. With this dataset, I show that innovation productivity is lower in low tax places, suggesting that place-based productivity is a more important determinant of innovative activity than traditional explanations which focus on the cost of investment. Our analysis proceeds in three steps. First, we analyze establishment mobility and show that lower taxes attract establishments. In particular, a one percent lower corporate tax rate increases the share of establishments in a local area by roughly 3.4%. Second, we exploit establishment migration to separate variation in innovation productivity due to establishment-specific and place-specific characteristics. We show that moving to a place that is 5% more productive increases a given firm's patent activity by 1 %. We follow this literature in evaluating the validity of this variation using pre-move behavior and control functions in the spirit of Dahl (2002). We then relate these place effects to corporate taxes and document that low tax places tend to have lower innovation productivity. The third chapter provides evidence that the voluntary choice of African-Americans to move from Northern regions in the U.S. to Southern regions is responsible in part for lower occupational standing and real income. I find that these migration patterns are also part of a trend that accelerated during the early 21st century among Northern born African-Americans. We combine evidence from four nationally-representative surveys, the U.S. Census, American Community Survey, Current Population Survey, and the Survey of Income Program and Participation, to statistically assess the forces behind a reverse migration from North to South and associated economic trade-offs. Using variation in the precise timing of individual moves and a model of the wage process, I provide evidence that, on average, African-American are moving to places where their earnings are lower after adjusting for regional price differences, and much lower relative to non-Hispanic white migrants. As suggestive evidence about the reason for these moves, we find that the magnitude of the economic trade-off between origin and destination is proportional to the severity and duration of riots which occurred in Northern cities at the time of the earlier Great Migration. We conclude from this that attractive amenities of the South may play a minor role in driving a reverse migration relative to the failure of some Northern cities to integrate during the 20th century. In chapters 1 and 2, I work closely with co-authors Bobak Pakzad Hurson, currently a classmate of mine, and Juan Carlos Suarez Serrato, who was a post-doc at Stanford at the inception of our collaboration, and who has since take a faculty position at Duke University.

Download or read book Unions and Wage Determination written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microfiche.

Download or read book Essays on Wage Determination written by Mario Macis and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Wage Determination Mobility and Employment Contracts written by Evin Acan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies the impacts of employment contracts as well as legal and economic environments on labor market outcomes. Chapter 2 examines the effects of residency laws on public teachers' wages and residential choices using the natural experiment created by the repeal of the residency laws for teachers in Pittsburgh and Philadelphia in 2001. The findings suggest that the residency laws decrease public teachers' wages by ten percent. The data also indicates a significant outflow of residents after the repeal. In order to further investigate whether there is a relocation of teachers due to residency laws, I look at where public teachers are sending their children for schooling. I find that the private school enrolment probability decreases when residency laws are lifted. Chapter 3 studies the factors that determine the enactment of collective bargaining laws for public school teachers. I look at the effects of state specific demographic, political, and economic variables on the decision of a state to adopt collective bargaining laws. I find that state-level school resources such as student-teacher ratio and per pupil expenditures are significant drivers of collective bargaining laws. Furthermore, the political leanings of state governments do not seem to have an important effect on the decision that a state will enact collective bargaining. Finally, state economic conditions appear to have significant effects on bargaining law changes. Chapter 4 focuses on determining whether a spot market or an implicit contracting model better explains the wage determination process over the business cycle. Real business cycle theory employs a spot market model in which current wages are determined by contemporaneous labor market conditions. In contrast, the implicit contract model allows for the history of labor market conditions to determine current wages. I replicate the Beaudry & DiNardo (1991) and extend their investigation along gender, race and regional lines to understand whether labor markets can be explained well or only certain submarkets can be described by one of the models. The results suggest that an implicit contracting model explains the wage determination over the business cycle better than a spot market model for almost all specifications.

Download or read book The Role of Unemployment in Wage Determination written by Ipek Ilkkaracan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Empirical Labour Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three empirical essays that examine different aspects of wage determination in local labour markets. The first essay investigates whether or not there are human capital externalities or spill-overs from education. I find that the fraction of college graduates in U.S. cities is associated with higher wages in the 1980s but not in the 1990s. To rationalize this pattern, I empirically investigate a model of structural change by Acemoglu (1999) and find considerable support for it in a number of dimensions. Consistent with the notion that there has been a structural change in the labour market, increases in the supply of skilled labour in the 1990s induce a change in the composition of jobs, increase inequality, unemployment, the return to education, and the wages of high-skill workers and harm low-skill workers. The second essay, which is co-authored with Paul Beaudry and David Green, develops a multi-sector search and matching model of the labour market that illustrates a mechanism through which changes in local industrial composition can cause changes in wages in all sectors of the local economy. We empirically test this model using geographical variation in industrial composition across U.S. metropolitan areas from 1970 to 2000 and find that shifts in industrial composition that favor high-paying industries impact wages in other sectors in a manner that is consistent with the model. The third chapter, co-authored with Christopher Bidner, extends the model developed in chapter two to examine the impact of changes in industrial composition on the relative wages of men and women. We find that men lost representation in high-paying industries relative to women and that these losses can account for a substantial portion of the `unexplained' gender pay gap. All three essays use data from the U.S. decennial Censuses and take U.S. metropolitan areas as local labour markets.

Download or read book Pay Differntials and Bargaining Institutions written by Erling Barth and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Perspectives on Wage Determination written by Campbell R. McConnell and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textbook on the theoretical aspects of wages determination, comprising a collection of essays on wage policy formulation at national level and industry levels in the USA - covers historical aspects, economic implications of labour costs, labour productivity theories, trade unions and collective bargaining, wage structures, capital worker ratios, income distribution, profit sharing, cost of living, anti-inflationary measures, etc. Diagrams.

Download or read book Pay Differentials and Bargaining Institutions written by Erling Barth and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pay Productivity and Policy written by Bertil Holmlund and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: