Download or read book Essays on the Effect of Environmental Policy on Firm Behavior and Competitiveness written by Smita Bhatnagar and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Environmental Policies and International Competitiveness written by Claire Brunel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final chapter, co-authored with Arik Levinson, identifies the data and conceptual challenges of measuring the stringency of environmental policies, a central issue for any paper that studies the effects of environmental policies. In this paper, we also propose an improved emissions-based measure of stringency.

Download or read book Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms written by Bruce L. Professor Hay and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everyone agrees that firms should obey the law. But beyond what the law requires-beyond bare compliance with regulations-do firms have additional social responsibilities to commit resources voluntarily to environmental protection? How should we think about firms sacrificing profits in the social interest? Are they permitted to do so, given their fiduciary responsibilities to their shareholders? Even if permissible, is the practice sustainable, or will the competitive marketplace render such efforts and their impacts transient at best? Furthermore, is the practice, however well intended, an efficient use of social and economic resources? And, as an empirical matter, to what extent do firms already behave this way? Until now, public discussion has generated more heat than light on both the normative and positive questions surrounding corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the environmental realm. In Environmental Protection and the Social Responsibility of Firms, some of the nation‘s leading scholars in law, economics, and business examine commonly accepted assumptions at the heart of current debates on corporate social responsibility and provide a foundation for future research and policymaking.

Download or read book Essays in Environmental Economics written by Filippo Maria D' Arcangelo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contains three essays investigating empirically how firms and individuals respond to environmental policies. All chapters share an overarching element in that they investigate some unexpected consequences of environmental policy. The first two chapters discuss how the European carbon market, designed to reduce polluting emissions, has also impacted firms' competitiveness and international investments. The third chapter shows empirically how the social preferences in individuals with access to a common pool resource affect, sometimes surprisingly, preservation policies. In the first chapter, I empirically investigate the effect of the European Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) on cross-country investments, employing a model of the firm's investment decision in conjunction with novel firm-level data. In contrast with the previous literature, I stress the importance of firms' heterogeneity in the analysis. I derive conditions on the firms' optimal emissions to construct a measure of investment sensitivity to carbon pricing from observed pollution data. This allows me to identify the effect of the EU ETS on international investments, by comparing the expected profits from investing in several different countries. I find that investments react to carbon pricing and that the effect is stronger for more polluting investments. However, the aggregate amount of diverted investments is small. I moreover show that the lost investments do not justify, alone, the generous compensations scheme aimed at retaining investments. In the second chapter, Giulia Pavan, Sara Calligaris and I provide evidence of the causal impact of the EU ETS on firms' input choices and total factor productivity. We combine structural estimation of firms' production function and techniques for policy evaluation to estimate the effect of the EU ETS on Italian manufacturing firms. Our results show a slightly negative effect of the policy on productivity, albeit the effect is heterogeneous across sectors. These findings are consistent with fuel switching, rather than a substantial change in the production process. In the third chapter, with George Joseph, Gautam Gupta, Barry Sopher, and Quentin Wodon, we study, in a lab-in-the-field experiment, the effect on social preferences of providing heterogeneous harvesting rights to a resource. In the underlying game, neither variations in the actions nor payoffs identify social preferences. We overcome this problem estimating the empirical game in a two-steps procedure, which can be applied more generally to estimate other-regarding preferences. We find that the models with social preferences explain better the data than the self-regarding model and that altruism explains it better than inequity aversion. When we asymmetrically increase harvesting rights, individuals increase their other-regarding behavior, becoming less selfishly. When we introduce a proportional sharing rule, this effect is further increased, but participants become equity averse if their payoff is lower than the others'.

Download or read book Trade and the Environment written by Alistair Ulph and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays addresses the concern that globalization and trade may have a detrimental effect on the environment. Alistair Ulph argues that environmental policies to secure strategic trade advantages may not be weak policies.

Download or read book Competitiveness and Environmental Policies in Strategic Environmental Policy Models written by Frank Stähler and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable Development Insights from India written by Purnamita Dasgupta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-19 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of essays that provide a comprehensive coverage of multiple aspects of the discourse on environment, development and sustainability. It is designed to bring in a host of perspectives highlighting the synergies and the trade-offs in this debate, showcasing research along with policy implications of putting research into use. The global discussion on sustainability paints the broad canvas for this book. This volume aims to probe some contemporary issues that will help in understanding the sustainability narrative in India. The topics span over a host of questions on energy, environment, natural resources and related constituents of development. The discourse further extends to the role of economic modelling, public policy debates, political intervention, stakeholders’ response, community participation and so on. The discussions are often based on empirical support, review of existing literature as well as policy analysis. With an ultimate aim to understand the overall development narrative of the people of India, the discourse takes in its ambit the nuances of resource utilisation, economic growth, COVID-19 impacts, competitiveness and market structures, urbanization, sectoral reforms, environmental hazards, climate change, pollution, natural resource accounting and management to name a few. The book is divided into four sections, namely, The Big Picture: Evolving Perspectives; The Energy Scenario: Dilemmas and Opportunities; Sustainability Cross-Cuts: Developmental Aspects and Externality Empirics: Knowledge and Practice. The first section contains commentaries on the overarching themes of economic growth, development and sustainability. It presents some emerging perspectives on the developmental crisis that has emerged through the environmental lens with additional focus on the need for inclusion of creativity, knowhow, technology and financial resources to achieve the ambitious SDG targets. The second section brings out the dilemmas and opportunities in the energy sector, that has been a key player in discussions of sustainability, especially for India where significant technological advances in conventional forms of energy supply coexists with fairly low levels of per capita energy consumption and energy security is a key challenge. The section on sustainability crosscuts attempts to highlight the problems and processes of mainstreaming the sustainability question into conventional thinking through the concepts of a circular economy, green accounting techniques, institutional and governance structures, public policy and inclusive growth, amongst others. The last section presents some empirical studies on environmental externalities, the unaccounted environmental effects of economic production and consumption and finally the behavioural aspects of the stakeholders that are crucial in the larger narrative of sustainable development. This edited volume contains contributions of reputed scholars from various Indian universities, research institutions and professionals from outside academia, who are proven experts in their fields. The link between policy, practice, and well-being of the large vulnerable population of India is the major focus of enquiry that will help researchers, practitioners and policy planners in conducting further research in energy, environment, resource and linked areas of development economics. General readers with an active interest in energy, environment, and economic development are also likely to find this book an interesting read, especially in the times of several environmental challenges facing humankind.

Download or read book Behavioral and Distributional Effects of Environmental Policy written by Carlo Carraro and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people would agree that it makes sense to tax a company that pollutes in a way that directly reflects the amount of environmental and social damage it has done. Yet in practice, such taxes are fraught with difficulty and have far-reaching implications. A company facing a new tax may lay off workers, for example, exacerbating an unemployment problem. This volume focuses on such external issues and examines in detail the trade-offs involved in designing policies to deal with environmental problems. Reflecting the broad nature of the subject, the contributors include leading economists in the areas of public finance, industrial organization, and trade theory, as well as environmental economists. Integrating both theoretical and empirical methods, they examine environmental policy design as it relates to location decisions, compliance costs, administrative costs, effects on research and development, and international factor movements. Shedding light on an extraordinarily complex and important topic, this collection will be of interest to all those involved in designing effective environmental policy.

Download or read book Essays on Environmental Policy Heterogeneous Firms Employment Dynamics and Inflation written by Zhe Li and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Environmentsl Regulation and Firm Dynamics written by Evangelina Alejandra Dardati and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, I study the effect of environmental regulation on firm behavior. In the first chapter, I use a dynamic model to quantify the effects on exit, entry, investment and welfare of different allocation schemes of a cap-and-trade program. I focus on allocation rules regarding closing plants and new entrants. I calibrate the model with data from the US power plants and perform two policy experiments: first I quantify the effects of the introduction of a cap-and-trade program; second, I do a counterfactual where I switch the allocation rule and study the effect on the new equilibrium and welfare. In the second chapter of this dissertation, I ask whether multinational firms are harmful for a host country environment. I use plant-level data from Chile and find empirical evidence that multinational are cleaner than domestic plants. Based on the trade literature, I build a model where I add environmental regulation and a technology choice. The model proposes a new explanation of why multinationals firms might be cleaner than their domestic peers. I get policy implications from the model and test them with the data. In the third chapter, I study the relation between free permit allocation in a cap-and-trade program and financial constraints. I use the change in the permit prices and the heterogeneity in permit allocation to identify financial constraints for the investor-owned utilities in the electricity sector.

Download or read book Essays on Sustainability and Management written by Runa Sarkar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of sustainability and management in India and through its insightful essays highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of sustainability as a concept. It also demonstrates the debates surrounding the concept of sustainability and its ramifications for ground-level practice in managing organisations and for public policy. The contributions from sustainability enthusiasts, practitioners from disparate fields and academics working at the Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, have been divided into five themes: (1) sustainability as a normative concept; (2) sustainability concept at the global level, (3) sustainability practices in Indian organisations and consumer behaviour; (4) sustainability, corporate governance and corporate social responsibility and (5) sustainability: a critique of organisational practice and government regulation. The themes reflect both new and continuing issues confronting management in the country today. Examples and in-depth studies make it relevant to the grounded reality in India. The expertise and experience of the contributors ensure that readers are left with a grasp of our current understanding of how sustainability is related to society and business, the direction this understanding will take in the future.

Download or read book Three Essays in Business Management the Natural Environment and Environmental Policy written by Nicholas S. Nairn-Birch and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation prospectus compiles three studies that constitute the current state and direction of my doctoral research. This includes three empirical analyses focusing on business strategy in the context of the natural environment and environmental policy. The first paper examines the relationship between environmental and financial performance. There has been a long-standing debate in the business strategy literature over whether firms can profit from improving their environmental performance. Recent studies suggest beyond compliance performance leads to increased profitability. However, there has been minimal theoretical or empirical examination of how emerging environmental issues, such as climate change, affect competitiveness. This raises important questions about the time horizon over which the environmental-financial performance relationship is evaluated. Furthermore, few studies have examined environmental strategies, such as green supply chain management, that extend beyond traditional organizational boundaries. Building on the resource-based view of the firm and a process-based view of environmental policy issues this study argues that the impact of environmental strategies on financial performance varies according to a short-term versus long-term perspective. This study is also one of the first to directly test the profitability of supply chain environmental strategies. This is achieved by leveraging novel longitudinal environmental impact data for over 1,000 US corporations from 2004 - 2008 to estimate the effect of direct and supply chain emissions on short- and long-term measures of financial performance. The results suggest that proactive environmental strategies to reduce life cycle GHG emissions may only be profitable over a longer time horizon. Taking an exploratory approach, the second essay examines the dimensionality of environmental performance ratings and its relation to market valuation. The emergence of Socially Responsible Investing (SRI), has led to the development of a large number of methodologies for rating corporate environmental performance. Increased availability of information potentially generates an abundance of riches upon which to base investment decisions, but also raises issues of commensurability, information overload and confusion. Using data from three leading purveyors of environmental ratings, the study identifies the principle components of environmental performance captured by prominent methodologies. The results suggest that in large part, two distinct factors explain 80% of the variance of the data: the environmental processes and practices implemented by firms, and the environmental outcomes they generate. The study also shows corporate financial performance to be correlated to process measures but not to outcome measures. The third and final essay examines corporate political strategies to confront issues of environmental policy. In 2008, an estimated $3.3 billion was spent on lobbying, the majority of which bankrolled by business, which are mostly perceived as opposing the government at the expense of the public. In this paper, we develop and test hypotheses on how firm performance on a salient political issue influences corporate political strategy. In the context of the recent climate change policy debate in the United States, we hypothesize a U-shaped relationship between greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and two forms of political activity: lobbying and voluntary public disclosure. To test our hypotheses, the study leverages novel data on corporate GHG emissions, lobbying expenses aimed at climate change legislation and disclosure to the Carbon Disclosure Project. Our results suggest that both dirty and clean firms are active in the public policy process, which challenges the popular view that corporate involvement in the environmental policy process is solely adversarial.

Download or read book Competitiveness and Environmental Policies in a Dynamic Model written by Frank Stähler and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Impact of Environmental Regulation on Firm and Country Competitiveness written by Mark A. Cohen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1990s, the validity of the Porter Hypothesis has been the focus of intense research efforts to establish whether well-designed environmental regulation may enhance - rather than reduce - competitiveness. However, little consensus exists on the extent to which (if at all) environmental regulation might generate profitability enhancing innovation offsets. In response to this lack of clarity in the literature and the pressing public policy implications of the Porter Hypothesis, this paper reports on a meta-analysis of 103 publications which estimate the relationship between environmental regulation and firm or country-level productivity or competitiveness. We find considerable heterogeneity in both the sign and significance level of the over 2,000 estimated “effect sizes” found in these studies. When systematically comparing all studies, we find evidence that a positive effect of environmental regulation on competitiveness is more likely at the state, region or country level, compared to the facility, firm or industry level - although in both cases the most likely scenario is a statistically insignificant effect. These findings are consistent with the strong version of the Porter Hypothesis whereby strict but flexible environmental regulations induce innovation and over time increase country-level competitiveness.

Download or read book Enhancing Global Competitiveness Through Sustainable Environmental Stewardship written by Subhash C. Jain and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers from a conference organized by the Centers for International Business Education and Research (CIBERs) at the University of Connecticut and the University of Memphis, held in Storrs, Conn., May 14-16, 2009.

Download or read book Environmental Regulation written by John F. McEldowney and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring an original introduction by the editors, this important collection of essays explores the main issues surrounding the regulation of the environment. The expert contributors illustrate that regulating the environment in the UK is conceptually complex, involves a diverse range of institutions, techniques and methodologies and crosses geographical and national boundaries. In the USA it is more formalised, juridical, adversarial and formally dependent upon legal rules. The articles highlight the fact that despite differences in the UK and the USA's regulatory styles, environmental regulation today has much in common with both traditions.

Download or read book Environmental Policy and Competitiveness at the Firm Level written by Jan Hesselberg and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: