Download or read book Essays on the Chilean Economy written by Markos Mamalakis and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on the Chilean economy by M Mamalakis and C W Reynolds written by Markos Mamalakis and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Productivity Economic Geography and Trade written by Rodrigo A. Echeverria and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigates the relative importance of firm-specific and geographic characteristics for export behavior in the Chilean primary and processed food industries. The first essay develops a new method for measuring geographic characteristics to account for economic activity in adjacent, but separate spatial units. In the application to the Chilean manufacturing industry, the proposed index better identifies the presence of locational forces (e.g., technological spillovers or natural advantages) than do traditional indexes. Results suggest a higher geographic concentration of Chilean manufacturing firms through technological spillovers in highly populated areas, and access to natural resources in areas that are farther from large cities. The second essay analyzes the determinants of Chilean farms' decision to produce exportables, i.e., export participation. An export behavior model is estimated using farm-level data from the Chilean Census of Agriculture and a two-stage conditional maximum likelihood procedure. Results show that a farm's efficiency or productivity is more important than its location for its export participation. When a high-productivity farm locates in a region with better geographic characteristics, its likelihood of producing for export markets is higher. On the other hand, an opposite result is obtained when a low-productivity farm locates in regions with better geographic attributes. The latter suggests that farms must achieve a minimum level of efficiency for geographic characteristics to positively affect their export participation. The third essay investigates firms' decision to export as well as that on how much to export (intensity) in the Chilean processed food industries. Results show the relative importance of sunk costs, foreign ownership and firm size in the Chilean firms' export decision. Productivity and geography play a more prominent role in firms' export-intensity decision in selected industries. In general, firm-specific characteristics appear to be more important than geographic attributes for export behavior. The three essays contribute to a better understanding of firms' export behavior, in particular those in the Chilean agriculture and processed food industries. By providing insights into factors affecting export behavior, these three essays have implications for public policies to encourage firms' participation in global markets.
Download or read book Exports Labor and the Left written by Charles W. Bergquist and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on the Dynamics of Economic Development in Latin America and Chile written by Mauricio Apablaza and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Chilean Trade Liberalization written by Rodrigo Francisco Navia and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Political Economy and Institutions written by Felipe Gonzalez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter of my dissertation studies the 2011 student movement in Chile, the largest protest mobilization in the country's history, in which hundreds of thousands of students skipped school to protest with the goal of reforming the educational system. Using administrative data on millions of students' daily school attendance decisions on protest and non-protest days, a large network composed by the lifetime history of classmates, and differential network exposure to the first national protest, I employ an instrumental variables approach to test how networks affect protest behavior. The main finding is that individual participation follows a threshold model of collective behavior: students were influenced by their networks to skip school on protest days only when more than 40 percent of the members of their networks also skipped school. Additional findings show that protest participation imposed significant educational costs on students and helped to shift votes towards non-traditional opposition parties. Taken together, results indicate that networks amplify the effect of protests in non-linear ways with potentially significant consequences for institutional change. The second chapter, co-authored with Jose Ignacio Cuesta and Cristi'an Larroulet, investigates the workings of educational institutions in Chile. In education, data on school quality is often gathered through standardized testing. However, the use of these tests has been controversial because of behavioral responses that could distort performance measures. We study the Chilean educational market and document that low-performing students are underrepresented in test days, generating distortions in school quality information. These distorted quality signals affect parents' school choice and induce misallocation of public programs. These results indicate that undesirable responses to test-based accountability systems may impose significant costs on educational markets. The third chapter, co-authored with Mounu Prem, studies firms during Chile's transition to democracy. Political transitions are associated with significant economic changes, but little is known about how firms fare across regimes. We study Chile's democratization and show that firms in the dictator's network make critical investments in physical capital during the political transition. These investments are made possible by government banks during the dictatorship and allow firms to improve their market position in the new regime. Our results show how market distortions can be transferred across political regimes.
Download or read book Essays on the Chilean Economy written by Markos Mamalakis and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chile written by Paul Theodore Ellsworth and published by . This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development Polity Inflation and Politics in Chile 1938 1958 written by John Lee Pisciotta and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development Policy Inflation and Politics in Chile 1938 1958 written by John Lee Pisciotta and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historical Statistics of Chile written by Markos J. Mamalakis and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1989-03-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the most comprehensive collection of Chilean statistics ever published and deals with central government, general government, and public sector data in the period from 1800 to 1988. Consisting of five major sections, the study provides a systematic and up-to-date presentation, description, and methodological analysis of 498 tables of statistics and related qualitative evidence on all aspects of Chilean government. No comparable collection of public sector statistics exists at present, and many of the statistics found in this thoroughly researched study have not been previously published or are not easily available elsewhere. The book includes an in-depth analysis of the nature, structure, and impact of the Chilean central government, general government, and public sector. It offers a penetrating look at the relationship between public sector revenues and expenditures, and the production of collective, semi-public, and private commodities and their components. This extraordinarily detailed reference outlines the role of the Chilean State in shaping the development and expected return of Chile to democracy. It clarifies the factors that contributed to Chile's decline under Allende; it outlines the neo-liberal policies of Pinochet; and it discusses the revolution in peace of Eduardo Frei. This work will be an invaluable addition in the study of South America, Chilean history, government, politics, and economics.
Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Industrial Organization written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on the industrial organization of Chilean health insurance markets. Chile is a particularly interesting case for study because in additional to the legality of risk-rated pricing, the purchase of insurance is mandated and a robust private health insurance market coexist with a large public sector plan. While the institutional background is different in several important ways from the United States, the regulations employed in the private market and studied here are very similar to those used in the Massachusetts Health Insurance Exchange, upon which the Affordable Care Act exchanges were modeled. In the first chapter, which is a joint work with Laura Dague, we study the welfare consequences of a switch from risk-rated premiums to community-rated premiums using a two stage model of health insurance demand and detailed claims data from Chilean health insurers. Our results suggest that if insurers are not allowed to scale premiums based on age and sex (in accordance with a recent court ruling), a significant fraction of young, healthy individuals will opt out of the private insurance market, raising the average cost of insuring those who remain. Chilean consumers in aggregate are likely to be worse off under community-rated premiums. While consumers may perceive uniform prices as more equitable, they are less efficient in this market. In the second chapter, we take advantage of discontinuities in the structure of Chilean Private health insurance market to identify the price elasticity of demand for health insurance. Under Chilean law, private health insurance firms may charge different prices to consumers on the basis of age and sex using a predetermined multiplicative factor. This creates discontinuities at each age where the price of the plan changes exogenously. We use this age-based pricing scheme to identify the elasticity of demand for insurance. Our estimates suggest that demand is relatively inelastic; in particular, there seems to be limited switching of insurance plans when consumers a price increase despite a wide variety of plans available on the market and a minimum requirement that a substantial number of consumers initially opt for. The elasticity is heterogeneous across consumers.
Download or read book The Growth and Structure of the Chilean Economy written by Markos J. Mamalakis and published by . This book was released on 1976-01-01 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America written by Andre Gunder Frank and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1967 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published: Monthly Review Press, 1967.
Download or read book Pinochet s Economists written by Juan Gabriel Valdes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-08-17 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tells the extraordinary story of the Pinochet regime's economists, known as the "Chicago Boys". It explores the roots of their ideas and their sense of mission, following their training as economists at the Department of Economics at the University of Chicago. After their return to Chile, the "Chicago Boys" took advantage of the opportunity afforded them by the 1973 military coup to launch the first radical free market strategy implemented in a developing country. The ideological strength of their mission and the military authoritarianism of General Pinochet combined to transform an economy that, following the return to democracy, has stabilized and is now seen as a model for Latin America. This book, written by a political scientist, examines the neo-liberal economists and their perspective on the market. It also narrates the history of the transfer of ideas from the industrialized world to a developing country, which will be of particular interest to economists.
Download or read book Assessing Chile s Pension System Challenges and Reform Options written by Samuel Pienknagura and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-09-10 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chile’s pension system came under close scrutiny in recent years. This paper takes stock of the adequacy of the system and highlights its challenges. Chile’s defined contribution system was quite influential when introduced, and was taken as an example by other countries. However, it is now delivering low replacement rates relative to OECD peers, as its parameters did not adapt over time to changing demographics and global returns, while informality persists in the labor market. In the absence of reforms, the system’s inability to deliver adequate outcomes for a large share of participants will continue to magnify, as demographic trends and low global interest rates will continue to reduce replacement rates. In addition, recent legislation allowing for pension savings withdrawals to counter the effects from the COVID-19 pandemic, is projected to further reduce replacement rates and increase fiscal costs. A substantial improvement in replacement rates is feasible, via a reform that raises contribution rates and the retirement age, coupled with policies that increases workers’ contribution density.
