Download or read book The Public Private Health Care State written by Rosemary A. Stevens and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distinctive mixing and continuous remixing of public and private roles is a defining feature of health care in the United States. The Public-Private Health Care State explores the interweaving of public and private enterprise in health care in the United States as a basis for thinking about health care in terms of its history and its continuing evolution today. Historian and policy analyst Rosemary Stevens has selected and edited seventeen essays from both her published and unpublished work to illustrate continuing themes, such as: the flexible meanings of the terms "public" and "private," and how useful their ambiguity has been and is; the role of ideology as ratifying rather than preordaining change; and the common behavior of public leaders and corporate entities in the face of fiscal opportunity. The topics--covering the period of 1870 through the twenty-first century--represent Stevens' research interests in hospital history and policy, the medical profession, government policy, and paying for health care. The volume also considers her involvement with policy questions, which include health services research, health maintenance organizations, and physician workforce policy. Section I demonstrates the long history of state government involvement with private not-for-profit hospitals from the 1870s through the 1930s. Section II examines the federal role in health care from the 1920s through the 1970s, including the establishment of veterans' hospitals and the implementation of Medicaid. Section III shows how shifting governmental roles require constantly changing organizing rhetoric, whether for inventing a federal role for health services research and HMOs, "regionalization" in the 1970s, or defining civil rights and "equity" as mobilizing vehicles in the 1980s. Section IV examines growing concerns from the 1970s through the present about the traditional "public" role of the largely "private" medical profession. Section V returns to the ambiguous public-private status of not-for profit hospitals, buffeted in the 1980s and 1990s by assumptions about the efficiency of the market.

Download or read book Essays on Public Policy and Health Care Market written by Shuyang Yang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focuses on examining the impact of public spending in health insurance and health care markets. Health care subsidies account for a fast-growing share of public expenditures in many developed and developing countries, making them an ever more important component of fiscal policy discussions. Two principle projects constitute my dissertation research. In the first project, I examine the heterogeneity in the impact of subsidized health insurance coverage on individual welfare, in the context of a Chinese public health insurance program. In the course of this research, I have also developed new econometric methods to address the empirical challenges of studying the effects of health insurance. These methods have broad applications beyond topics in health economics. In the second project, I look at the role of tax subsidies in the supply of health care. In particular, I exploit variations in state and federal level tax policies in the U.S to estimate the impact of government subsidies on ownership choice, provision of public services and the quality of hospitals. The first chapter of the dissertation mainly assesses the effect of public health insurance on program beneficiaries' welfare, by evaluating a new national public medical insurance program in China, Urban Resident Basic Insurance (URBMI). This program, introduced in 2007 and having an annual fiscal expenditure of 30 billion RMB, aims to provide coverage to more than 200 million urban residents including elderly, children, college students and unemployed adults. I exploit the city-variation in policy generosity as an exogenous determinant of URBMI enrollment. Using data from the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), I find that URBMI increases welfare on several margins. Having insurance coverage increases health care spending while decreasing the out-of-pocket payments, providing protection from the financial risk. It also increases efficiency in medical spending by inducing the use of preventative care and reducing the probability of hospitalization. In terms of health outcomes, insurance coverage has a significant impact on subjective self-ratings in health and happiness. I also extend my examination to consider the labor market effects of URBMI. Since this program provides insurance coverage outside of employment status, it will potentially increase an individual's mobility between jobs and impact the retirement decision. In Chapter 2, building on the results of the first chapter, I explore the heterogeneity in the impact of health insurance through a semiparametric model. Since URBMI is a national program covering a wide range of subpopulations, observed and unobserved individual characteristics may play an important role in determining the response of an individual to insurance coverage. This chapter builds a panel data model with endogenous treatment, which incorporates unobserved individual heterogeneity non-additively into the outcome. The model is estimated in the context of a semiparametric setting. I first propose a two-stage semiparametric least square (SLS) method to consistently estimate the model parameters and then conduct a localized 2SLS procedure to recover the quantile treatment effect. Identification, consistency, and root-N asymptotic normality of estimators for parameters and marginal effects are proved. The estimation results reveal substantial variation in the impact of URBMI by age, income and gender. Children, the elderly above the age of 70, and females ages 25-40 benefit the most from the program. Adult males and individuals with incomes below the median level do not respond significantly to insurance coverage. The findings of heterogeneous insurance effects have important policy implications for the cost-effectiveness of URBMI across population groups, suggesting the need for differentiated insurance programs. In the third chapter, another form of subsidy in health care markets is studied. This chapter focuses on assessing the effect of government subsidies on the supply side of the health care market in the U.S. An important form of government subsidies to health care providers is the tax exemption for non-profit organizations. The validity and efficiency of such practice has long been under debate. Recently, many state and federal laws have been enacted that mandate the reporting of benefits provided to the community by non-profit providers. This chapter studies the hospital sector. Given the preferential tax treatment for nonprofit hospitals, the tax rate, in conjunction with community benefit reporting requirement (CRR), determine the net subsidy provided to a nonprofit hospital compared to its for-profit counterpart. I exploit the variation in tax policy across states and over time to identify the effect of tax subsidy on the ownership choice of hospitals. I further differentiate behavior between nonprofit versus for-profit hospitals, including cost, provision of undercompensated care as well as quality. Using Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services(CMS) hospital cost report data from 1996 to 2015, I estimate a 4-6 percent increase in the probability of non-profit conversion into for-profit hospitals due to the enactment of CRR. Moreover, the effect of CRR diminishes with the tax rate. My results further show that hospitals divert community benefit spending to teaching to meet the requirement of CRR, rather than increasing provision of uncompensated care.

Download or read book Essays on the Role of Government Regulation and Policy in Health Care Markets written by Grayson L. Forlines and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Debates on U S Health Care written by Jennie Jacobs Kronenfeld and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 1023 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issues-based reference work (available in both print and electronic formats) shines a spotlight on health care policy and practice in the United States. Impassioned debates about the best solutions to health care in America have perennially erupted among politicians, scholars of public policy, medical professionals, and the general public. The fight over the Health Care Reform Act of 2010 brought to light a multitude of fears, challenges, obstacles, and passions that often had the effect of complicating rather than clarifying the debate. The discourse has never been more heated. The complex issues that animate the health care debate have forced the American public to grapple with the exigencies of the present system with regard to economic, fiscal, and monetary policy, especially as they relate to philosophical, often ideologically driven approaches to the problem. Americans have also had to examine their ideas about the relationship of the individual to and interaction with the state and the varied social and cultural beliefs about what an American solution to the problem of health care looks like. In light of the need to keep students, researchers, and other interested readers informed and up-to-date on the issues surrounding health care in the U.S., this volume uses introductory essays followed by point/counterpoint articles to explore prominent and perennially important debates, providing readers with views on multiple sides of this complex issue. Features & Benefits: The volume is divided into three sections, each with its own Section Editor: Quality of Care Debates (Dr. Jennie Kronenfeld), Economic & Fiscal Debates (Dr. Mark Zezza), and Political, Philosophical, & Legal Debates (Prof. Wendy Parmet). Sections open with a Preface by the Section Editor to introduce the broad theme at hand and provide historical underpinnings. Each Section holds 12 chapters addressing varied aspects of the broad theme of the section. Chapters open with an objective, lead-in piece (or "headnote") followed by a point article and a counterpoint article. All pieces (headnote, point article, counterpoint article) are signed. For each chapter, students are referred to further readings, data sources, and other resources as a jumping-off spot for further research and more in-depth exploration. Finally, the volume concludes with a comprehensive index, and the electronic version of the book includes search-and-browse features, as well as the ability to link to further readings cited within chapters should they be available to the library in electronic format.

Download or read book Policy Politics in Nursing and Health Care E Book written by Diana J. Mason and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-04-24 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring analysis of cutting-edge healthcare issues and first-person stories, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 7th Edition is the leader in helping students develop skills in influencing policy in today’s changing health care environment. Approximately 150 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in this classic text, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. With these insights and strategies, you'll be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues. Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished. Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy. Winner of several American Journal of Nursing "Book of the Year" awards! NEW! Nine new chapters ensure you have the most up-to-date information on key topics such as ethical dimensions of policy and politics, patient engagement, public health, women's reproductive health, emergency preparedness, new health insurance exchanges, and much more. NEW! The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform, including the Affordable Care Act. NEW! Emphasis on evidence-based policy throughout the text. NEW! A list of web links is included in most chapters for further study.

Download or read book Policy and Politics in Nursing and Healthcare Revised Reprint E Book written by Diana J. Mason and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring analysis of healthcare issues and first-person stories, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care helps you develop skills in influencing policy in today’s changing health care environment. 145 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in policies and politics, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. The revised reprint includes a new appendix with coverage of the new Affordable Care Act. With these insights and strategies, you’ll be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Up-to-date coverage on the Affordable Care Act in an Appendix new to the revised reprint. Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues. Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy. Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished. Winner of several American Journal of Nursing "Book of the Year" awards! A new Appendix on the Affordable Care Act, its implementation as of mid-2013, and the implications for nursing, is included in the revised reprint. 18 new chapters ensure that you have the most up-to-date information on policy and politics. The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010.

Download or read book Medical Work in America written by Eliot Freidson and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Present-day health care policies in the United States are moving toward a system in which patients will be treated like industrial objects by doctors forced to work mechanically, says the distinguished medical sociologist Eliot Freidson in Medical Work in America. He offers a number of controversial proposals designed both to reduce costs and to avoid such dehumanization. In a series of essays that includes some of his classic work as well as significant new material, Freidson discusses the doctor-patient relationship, relations between physicians in various forms of medical practice, and the forces now reorganizing medical work. He shows how increasingly restrictive health insurance contracts insert a new, problematic element into both doctor-patient and colleague relations, and how bureaucratic methods of controlling medical decisions affect those relations. Finally, Freidson advances some basic principles to guide health care policy. He emphasizes that the physician's freedom to exercise discretion is essential if patients are to be treated as individuals rather than as administratively defined diagnostic categories. His recommendations include eliminating fee-for-service compensation, controlling health industry profits, and limiting the external administrative regulation of medical decisions while organizing medical work in such a way as to maximize effective and responsible self-governance.

Download or read book Policy and Politics in Nursing and Health Care Access Code written by Diana J. Mason and published by W B Saunders Company. This book was released on 2011-02-16 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a Pageburst digital textbook; Featuring analysis of healthcare issues and first-person stories, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care helps you develop skills in influencing policy in today's changing health care environment. Approximately 150 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in policies and politics, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. With these insights and strategies, you'll be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues. Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy. Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished. Winner of several American Journal of Nursing "Book of the Year" awards! 18 new chapters ensure that you have knowledge of the most up-to-date information on policy and politics. The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010.

Download or read book Policy Politics in Nursing and Health Care E Book written by Diana J. Mason and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to influence policy and become a leader in today's changing health care environment. Featuring analysis of cutting-edge healthcare issues and first-person insights, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th Edition continues to be the leading text on nursing action and activism. Approximately 150 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in policies and politics, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. This expanded 8th edition helps you develop a global understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as the complex business and financial issues that drive many actions in the health system. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. With these innovative insights and strategies, you will be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues. Key Points at the end of chapters helps you review important, need-to-know lesson content. Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished. Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy. NEW! The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform, including the Affordable Care Act. NEW! Added information on medical marijuana presents both sides of this ongoing debate. NEW! More information on health care policy and the aging population covers the most up-do-date information on this growing population. NEW! Expanded information on the Globalization of Nursing explores international policies and procedures related to nursing around the world. NEW! Expanded focus on media strategies details proper etiquette when speaking with the press. NEW! Expanded coverage of primary care models and issues throughout text. NEW! APRN and additional Taking Action chapters reflect the most recent industry changes. NEW! Perspectives on issues and challenges in the government sphere showcase recent strategies and complications.

Download or read book Essays in Health and Labor Economics written by Ana Ines Rocca and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, health insurance is often necessary for access to regular, affordable health care. With only eight of every hundred Americans buying private insurance plans on the individual market, the main sources for health insurance traditionally have been employers and the government. As new laws are being debated and introduced to reform an expensive health care industry in which nearly one-sixth of the population is uninsured, research is needed in order to evaluate the costs and benefits of these policy changes and to predict their success. To this end, in addition to understanding how likely individuals are to adopt new health insurance policies, we also should be interested in knowing how the demand for health insurance and changes in its accessibility will affect non-medical decisions. Specifically, labor market choices have been theorized to be directly related to decisions involving insurance coverage. If the availability of health insurance distorts a workers' job-related decisions, then the changing the landscape for how to access insurance may reverberate in employment outcomes. My dissertation focuses on understanding the factors that influence the demand for health insurance and the role that health insurance plays in an individual's decision to work, where to work, and how much to work. Specifically, I focus on the following three related questions: how does the demand for insurance affect labor market decisions such as when to exit unemployment? what drives insurance demand, and in particular, what motivators work best to increase demand for health coverage among the uninsured? and lastly, what are the supply-side employment responses to the provision of free or reduced-cost public health insurance? My first chapter explores how the demand for health insurance can change re-employment decisions among the unemployed, as well as the speed at which individuals return to work. Past research on this issue focuses on job-to-job switches and "job lock" but has yet to focus on individuals looking for work. This chapter uses data on laid-off individuals from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey to compare the job search behavior and outcomes of individuals who differ in their demand for health insurance. I use three proxies for demand, based on spousal health and past insurance offer take-up decisions. Although each is potentially confounded by unobserved determinants of job search, I use a difference-in-differences and propensity score designs to isolate plausibly causal effects. I find consistent patterns across all three proxies (despite different potential omitted variables biases). Overall unemployment durations do not vary with demand for insurance, but this masks variation in the types of jobs taken. Individuals with higher demand for insurance have higher hazards for exiting unemployment into a job with insurance, but lower hazards for exiting to a job without insurance. This points to effects of insurance demand on both search effort and reservation wages, and to potentially important distorting effects of employer-linked health insurance. Whereas the first chapter takes variation in demand for insurance as a given, my second chapter digs deeper into the basis for this variation and whether it can be affected. In this chapter, I investigate the reasons the uninsured choose to forego insurance coverage and the impact of different messages on their insurance demand. Working with Enroll America, a large non-profit dedicated to decreasing the number of uninsured Americans, I conducted a stratified experiment to determine the best communication strategies to encourage participation in the healthcare exchanges. We test a combination of the following behavioral and information treatments: a risk treatment that emphasizes the average financial risk for someone without health insurance; a norms treatment that alerts our participants that staying uninsured will be against the law; a savings treatment that highlights the average savings available at the exchanges; a wording treatment where we refer to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) as "Obamacare"; and lastly, a cost-calculator treatment that allows individuals to explore the likely cost of insurance based on their own characteristics. Among the uninsured, we find that the cost-calculator treatment, the risk treatment, and the mandate are most effective in increasing intention to purchase insurance. The cost-calculator and the risk treatment increase informedness among this population, but the cost-calculator (when paired with the savings treatment) is the only treatment that increases willingness to pay for insurance. We use the information on willingness to pay to construct sub-group price elasticities of demand to compare to previous work interested in the demand for health insurance. Overall, the results of this chapter highlight the importance of informational campaigns to increase awareness of the costs and benefits of health coverage, particularly after large changes such as those implemented by the ACA. My third chapter continues by looking at the changes that have been introduced as a result of the ACA. Specifically, it explores whether expanding access to government-provided insurance affects individuals' decisions regarding employment and overall hours of work. Recent findings have suggested that increasing access to health insurance outside of employment has a sizable, negative impact on labor force participation. Along these lines, the Congressional Budget Office predicted that the expansion of Medicaid and private health insurance will cause a 1.5 to 2% reduction in hours worked in the first ten years. Comparing states by whether they chose to expand Medicaid under reforms introduced by the ACA, I look at changes in the probability a childless adult receives Medicaid, as well as changes in this group's employment likelihood and hours of work. Using household survey data from the CPS monthly survey and ASEC Supplement, I confirm a marked increase in the percent of childless adults insured by Medicaid but find no statistically significant changes in employment outcomes. I compare these results to other estimates of "employment lock" in recent literature. These results, though imprecise, align with the findings in Chapter 1 which suggest that overall employment is not drastically affected by insurance demand.

Download or read book Policy Politics in Nursing and Health Care written by Diana J. Mason, RN, PhD, FAAN and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-05-14 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring analysis of cutting-edge healthcare issues and first-person stories, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 7th Edition is the leader in helping students develop skills in influencing policy in today's changing health care environment. Approximately 150 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in this classic text, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. With these insights and strategies, you'll be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues. Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished. Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy. Winner of several American Journal of Nursing "Book of the Year" awards! NEW! Nine new chapters ensure you have the most up-to-date information on key topics such as ethical dimensions of policy and politics, patient engagement, public health, women's reproductive health, emergency preparedness, new health insurance exchanges, and much more. NEW! The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform, including the Affordable Care Act. NEW! Emphasis on evidence-based policy throughout the text. NEW! A list of web links is included in most chapters for further study.

Download or read book Policy and Politics in Nursing and Health Care written by Diana J. Mason and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Policy and Politics in Nursing and Healthcare Revised Reprint written by Diana J. Mason and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring analysis of healthcare issues and first-person stories, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Carehelps you develop skills in influencing policy in today's changing health care environment. 145 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in policies and politics, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. The revised reprint includes a new appendix with coverage of the new Affordable Care Act. With these insights and strategies, you'll be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Up-to-date coverage on the Affordable Care Act in an Appendix new to the revised reprint.Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues.Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy.Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished.Winner of several American Journal of Nursing "Book of the Year" awards! A new Appendix on the Affordable Care Act, its implementation as of mid-2013, and the implications for nursing, is included in the revised reprint.18 new chapters ensure that you have the most up-to-date information on policy and politics.The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform with thePatient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010.

Download or read book Triumph of the Market written by Edward Herman and published by . This book was released on 1997-02-04 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: **** The third edition (1990) is cited in Brandon-Hill. A text that focuses on the decision-making process which precedes and governs the selection of treatment of various pediatric orthopedic conditions. Each author provides the basic science that relates to the condition under discussion and the scientific basis for treatment decisions. This revised and updated edition is also completely reorganized, adding a second editor and 16 new authors. New chapters deal with orthopedic genetics, history taking and examination of the pediatric patient, syndromes and localized disorders affecting bone, neuromuscular disorders, and fracture treatment, a major portion of pediatric orthopedic practice. Thoroughly illustrated in bandw. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Essays in Health Economics written by Peter J. Huckfeldt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation examines issues of accessibility, innovation and cost, and the role of public policy in the United States health care system. Chapter 1 explores the effects of Medicaid and State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) pregnancy eligibility expansions occurring from 1992 to 2005 on public and private health insurance coverage, prenatal care, and health outcomes. I use two novel sources of data to study the impacts of pregnancy eligibility expansions. The Centers for Disease Control- Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) and California Birth Cohort birth certificate data are rich sources of birth data with detailed information on pregnancy health insurance coverage, prenatal care use, and infant and maternal health outcomes. My estimation of event study models shows that public coverage follows an upward trend following eligibility expansions, and that this coincides with smaller but imprecisely measured decreases in private health insurance. Simulated instrumental variables regression results imply public health insurance take-up rates between 14 and 19 percent. However, the private coverage estimates imply that an imprecisely measured but significant portion of the increase in public coverage comes from women who previously would only have private health insurance during pregnancy. Public eligibility expansions increase participation in the WIC program, but there is little evidence that program expansions improve overall prenatal care utilization or health outcomes. Chapter 2 (joint work with Christopher R. Knittel) explores how changes in pharmaceutical patent policy and the structure of health insurance and pharmaceutical markets have affected the use of prescription drugs. Our event study estimates show that utilization of drug molecules starts decreasing in the two years prior to generic entry and continues to decrease in the years following generic entry, despite the decrease in prices offered by generic versions of a drug. We find that this decrease coincides with the market entry and increased utilization of branded reformulations and other branded drugs from the same manufacturer of the drug going off patent. Finally, we find similar utilization patterns across individuals with more and less restrictive health plans, suggesting that cost-sharing and formulary restrictions have little effect on the utilization of new patented products.

Download or read book Policy and Politics in Nursing Health Care written by Mark Ramirez and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2021-09-22 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to influence policy and become a leader in today's changing health care environment. Featuring analysis of cutting-edge healthcare issues and first-person insights, Policy & Politics in Nursing and Health Care, 8th Edition continues to be the leading text on nursing action and activism. Approximately 150 expert contributors present a wide range of topics in policies and politics, providing a more complete background than can be found in any other policy textbook on the market. This expanded 8th edition helps you develop a global understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as the complex business and financial issues that drive many actions in the health system. Discussions include the latest updates on conflict management, health economics, lobbying, the use of media, and working with communities for change. With these innovative insights and strategies, you will be prepared to play a leadership role in the four spheres in which nurses are politically active: the workplace, government, professional organizations, and the community. Comprehensive coverage of healthcare policies and politics provides a broader understanding of nursing leadership and political activism, as well as complex business and financial issues. Key Points at the end of chapters helps you review important, need-to-know lesson content. Taking Action essays include personal accounts of how nurses have participated in politics and what they have accomplished. Expert authors make up a virtual Nursing Who's Who in healthcare policy, sharing information and personal perspectives gained in the crafting of healthcare policy. NEW! The latest information and perspectives are provided by nursing leaders who influenced health care reform, including the Affordable Care Act. NEW! Added information on medical marijuana presents both sides of this ongoing debate. NEW! More information on health care policy and the aging population covers the most up-do-date information on this growing population. NEW! Expanded information on the Globalization of Nursing explores international policies and procedures related to nursing around the world. NEW! Expanded focus on media strategies details proper etiquette when speaking with the press. NEW! Expanded coverage of primary care models and issues throughout text. NEW! APRN and additional Taking Action chapters reflect the most recent industry changes. NEW! Perspectives on issues and challenges in the government sphere showcase recent strategies and complications.

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Care Policy written by Larry Joe Forgy and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: