Download or read book Essays on Micro credit Programs written by Signe-Mary McKernan and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Microcredit Programs and Evaluation of Women s Success written by Rushad Faridi and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microcredit programs are of great interest to economists and policymakers because of their potential for reducing poverty, particularly among women. This book contains three essays which establish the linkages between microcredit programs and women's success in reducing household poverty. The first chapter mainly investigates the effectiveness aspect of microcredit programs. Using program evaluation methods, we find significant improvement in women's economic condition after participating in these programs. The second chapter studies the determinants of women's economic performance in microcredit programs. These determinants are in the form of different types of characteristics of women: their own characteristics, such as age or schooling or the characteristics of the household or village they live in. Microcredit programs originated from Bangladesh and now three major microcredit programs are operating: Grameen Bank, BRAC and RD-12. The third chapter investigates how these different microcredit programs have been performing relative to each other.
Download or read book Three Essays on Microcredit and Payday Lending written by Khan Islam and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three essays on microcredit and payday lending in this dissertation contribute to the existing literature on financial exclusion by addressing some burning questions. The first essay investigates and compares the observable characteristics of the payday loans and microcredit borrowers. We examine three nationwide surveys in Canada that contain information on payday lending and a household level field survey on the use of microcredit in Bangladesh. Using simple probit and instrumental variable probit models, we find household income, wealth, the region of residence, age and education of the household head as key determinants of both payday loan and microcredit borrowing. Financial knowledge is found as a significant determinant of payday loan borrowing. Our findings suggest that countries can benefit from each other by adapting, modifying regulatory policies and improving the level of financial knowledge. The second essay examines the linkages between the high frequency of installments of microcredit loans, and the very high repayment rate and the existence of informal moneylenders in the market. Our developed model shows that the poor borrower has strong incentives and opportunities to commit voluntary default at different time periods of the contract, which along with a low level of collateral, make the single installment repayment contract infeasible for microcredit lenders. The multiple-instalment loan leads the borrower to borrow from the third party because installments are due before project yields. This reduces the incentive to default and raises the microcredit repayment rate. In the third essay, we analyze the macroeconomic and distributional effects of microcredit programs across 21 countries using a general equilibrium approach. We developed a model of financial intermediation and occupational choice to find out the impact of microcredit on five macroeconomic aggregates - average capital per worker, wealth inequality, the lending interest rate, income per capita and entrepreneurship. Our findings show that the macroeconomic and distributional impact of microcredit, subsidized microcredit and high-frequency of installments of microcredit loan significantly varies both in magnitudes and in directions across countries. Findings suggest designing country-specific microcredit contracts rather than using a typical contract in all countries.
Download or read book Essays on Microfinance in Latin America written by Roselia Servín Juárez and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategic Issues in Microfinance written by Mwangi S. Kimenyi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, this collection of essays by eminent microfinance practitioners provides a range of perspectives on contemporary issues in the field. Different approaches are proposed for achieving improved access by the poor to financial services. The common denominator in these essays is financial sustainability for the service provider. Issues addressed include: is savings mobilization integral to microfinance and, if so, how should it be incorporated in new programs? Are borrower groups a necessary element of successful microfinance programs? Are NGOs the right institutional vehicle for sustainable microfinance interventions? Is standardized and generalizable microfinance credit rating system feasible? While there is considerable diversity in the approaches recommended in these essays, the importance of cost efficiency and cost recovery forms the basis for most of the discussions.
Download or read book Three Essays on Imperfect Credit Markets written by Wing Yu Leung and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 2 is an empirical study about the impact of microcredit (MC) programs on income diversification of the rural households of less developed countries. The impact is identified through propensity score matching that can control for the endogeneity of program participation. Using a World Bank dataset of Bangladeshi household survey, I found that MC programs resulted in up to 12% increase in income diversification. Furthermore, this effect is significant for households with below-median land holdings, suggesting that MC programs might have larger impacts on asset-poor households.
Download or read book Three Essays on Development and Labour Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is a collection of three self-contained papers in development and labour economics. The first two chapters study the impact of microfinance programs using a new, large and unique cross-section dataset from Bangladesh. Chapter 1 evaluates the impact of microfinance programs on household consumption. The program eligibility requirement and the richness of the data allowed the use of a number of non-experimental impact evaluation techniques, in particular Instrumental Variable (IV) estimation and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Estimates from both IV and PSM strategies have been interpreted as average causal effects that are valid for various groups of participants in microfinance. The overall results indicate that the effects of micro loans on consumption are not robust across all groups of poor household borrowers. It appears that the poorest of the poor participants are among those who benefit most. The benefits are lower, or sometimes even negative, for households that are marginal to the participation decision. The effects of participation are, in general, stronger for male borrowers. Chapter 2 uses a similar methodology to examine the impact of these microfinance programs on child welfare, specifically on school attendance and child labour in rural Bangladesh. The empirical results indicate that household participation in a microcredit program may increase child labour and reduce school enrolment. The effects are more pronounced for girls than boys, and they appear to vary inversely with age, with younger children tending to be strongly affected. The estimated effects also vary by income, education and asset holding of households such that the children of poorer and less educated households are affected most adversely. Finally Chapter 3, employing similar econometric techniques for estimating causal effects, investigates the impact of the changing skill composition of immigrant flows on the structure of Australian wages. Immigrants may self-select to.
Download or read book A Billion Bootstraps Microcredit Barefoot Banking and The Business Solution for Ending Poverty written by Philip Smith and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2007-02-23 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A bold manifesto by two business leaders, A Billion Bootstraps shows why microcredit is the world's most powerful poverty-fighting movement-and an unbeatable investment for your charitable donations. A Billion Bootstraps unearths the roots of the microcredit revolution, revealing how the pioneering work of people such as Dr. Muhammad Yunus-winner of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize-is giving hope to billions. Philanthropist and self-made millionaire Phil Smith and microcredit expert and consultant Eric Thurman provide a riveting narrative that explores how these small loans, arranged by “barefoot bankers,” enable impoverished people to start small businesses, support their families, and improve local economies. By paying back their loans instead of simply accepting handouts, men and women around the world are continually giving others the same opportunity to change their futures. Smith and Thurman also examine why traditional charity programs, while providing short-term relief, often perpetuate the problems they are trying to alleviate, and how applying investment principles to philanthropy is the key to reversing poverty permanently. A Billion Bootstraps explains how ordinary people can accelerate the microcredit movement by investing charitable donations in specific programs and then leveraging those contributions so the net cost to lift one person out of poverty is remarkably low. You'll discover how to get more for your money by donating with the mind-set of an investor and calculating measurable returns-returns that will change lives and societies forever.
Download or read book Microcredit and Poverty Alleviation written by Tazul Islam and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a view to increased poverty alleviation, Tazul Islam examines the real extent to which the Grameen Bank's credit-alone policy has been successful in securing the Bank's financial sustainability; its practical role in alleviating poverty and its actual impact on the productivity of its clients.
Download or read book Three Essays on Development and Labour Economics written by Asadul Islam and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is a collection of three self-contained papers in development and labour economics. The first two chapters study the impact of microfinance programs using a new, large and unique cross-section dataset from Bangladesh. Chapter 1 evaluates the impact of microfinance programs on household consumption. The program eligibility requirement and the richness of the data allowed the use of a number of non-experimental impact evaluation techniques, in particular Instrumental Variable (IV) estimation and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). Estimates from both IV and PSM strategies have been interpreted as average causal effects that are valid for various groups of participants in microfinance. The overall results indicate that the effects of micro loans on consumption are not robust across all groups of poor household borrowers. It appears that the poorest of the poor participants are among those who benefit most. The benefits are lower, or sometimes even negative, for households that are marginal to the participation decision. The effects of participation are, in general, stronger for male borrowers. Chapter 2 uses a similar methodology to examine the impact of these microfinance programs on child welfare, specifically on school attendance and child labour in rural Bangladesh. The empirical results indicate that household participation in a microcredit program may increase child labour and reduce school enrolment. The effects are more pronounced for girls than boys, and they appear to vary inversely with age, with younger children tending to be strongly affected. The estimated effects also vary by income, education and asset holding of households such that the children of poorer and less educated households are affected most adversely. Finally Chapter 3, employing similar econometric techniques for estimating causal effects, investigates the impact of the changing skill composition of immigrant flows on the structure of Australian wages. Immigrants may self-select to join labour markets in the better performing industrial countries. We address the resulting endogeneity problem using different IV techniques. While existing studies typically use cross-section data, we use macro data to allow for the adjustment of wages and aggregate demand to immigration flows. Our estimation strategies generate results that are consistent with the dominant findings from existing empirical work. We find no robust evidence that a relative increase in skilled immigrants exerts any discernible adverse consequences on the wage structure in Australia.
Download or read book Essays on Microcredit in Eastern Europe and Central Asia written by Simon Sonnekalb and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Micro finance written by Jean-Francois Kagy and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Credibility of Microcredit written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Credibility of Microcredit offers an objective assessment of microfinance worldwide by way of interdisciplinary research. It features works from leading researchers in the field of microfinance, as well as new names, employing a variety of methods and theoretical approaches.
Download or read book Confronting Microfinance written by Milford Bateman and published by Kumarian Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Incorporates global perspective but focuses on southeastern Europe, a key arena for microfinance and microcredit programs --
Download or read book Inclusive Urbanization written by Krishna Shrestha and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we include and represent all people in cities? As the world rapidly urbanizes, and climate change creates global winners and losers, understanding how to design cities that provide for all their citizens is of the utmost importance. Inclusive Urbanization attempts to not only provide meaningful, practical guidance to urban designers, managers, and local actors, but also create a definition of inclusion that incorporates strategies bigger than the welfare state, and tactics that bring local actors and the state into meaningful dialogue. Written by a team of experienced academics, designers, and NGO professionals, Inclusive Urbanization shows how urbanization policy and management can be used to make more inclusive, climate resilient cities, through a series of 18 case studies in South Asia. By creating a model of urban life and processes that takes into account social, spatial, cultural, regulatory and economic dimensions, the book finds a way to make both the processes and outcomes of urban design representative of all of the city’s inhabitants.
Download or read book Social Impacts and Constraints of Microcredit in the Alleviation of Poverty written by Naheed Rehman and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Estimating the Long Run Impact of Microcredit Programs on Household Income and Net Worth written by Tiemen Woutersen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This paper investigates whether the utilization of microcredit programs has a significant impact on the income and net worth of the participants. Several micro finance institutes are optimistic on the beneficial effects of microcredit programs. Others describe microcredit with interest rates in excess of 20 percent as a poverty trap. This paper uses more than 20 years of panel data on households in Bangladesh to estimate bounds on the causal effects of microcredit programs. The analysis rejects the hypothesis that these microcredit programs are a poverty trap. Moreover, the paper finds moderately positive effects of such programs"--Abstract.
