Download or read book Essays in Labor and Family Economics written by Richard Quinn Moore and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final chapter uses cohort analysis to investigate the stagnation of the gender wage gap during the 1990s. We find that understanding cohort dynamics is crucial to understanding changes in the wage gap. In particular, changes in point in lifecycle cohort replacement explain much of the increases in women's wages related to changes in observed characteristics and to changes in selection into employment.

Download or read book Essays on Labor and Family Economics written by Martina Eschelbach and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Labor and Family Economics written by Hanno Foerster and published by . This book was released on 2019* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Labor and Family Economics written by HwaJung Choi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Family and Labor Economics written by Stefania Marcassa and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Family and Labor Economics written by Satoshi Tanaka and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Women Family and Work written by Karine Moe and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women, Family, and Work is a collection of original essayson a wide variety of topics related to the economics of gender andthe family. Written by leading thinkers in the field, the essaysapply traditional economic theory to unconventional topics, whilealso developing neoclassical economic thought to provide a bettermodel of economic interactions. 12 newly-commissioned essays on the economics of labor, gender,and family life. Juxtaposes various viewpoints, allowing readers to weigh thebenefits and drawbacks of each model. Applies traditional economic theory to unconventional topics,while also revisioning neoclassical economic thought.

Download or read book Essays in Labor and Family Economics written by Maxwell Chenming Rong and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of four essays on labor economics with a particular focus on the causes and consequences of major life cycle choices such as marriage, occupational choice, and retirement. How do the consequential decisions that individuals make in these dimensions affect the kinds of risks they will face throughout their life, and how can they insure themselves against them? I study these questions with a mix of survey and administrative data, using a variety of structural and reduced-form methods. In the first chapter I study how sharing a workplace with one's spouse can affect the dynamics of household income growth and risk, shedding light on the relationship between worker mobility and monopsony power in the labor market. There has been a large empirical literature documenting rent sharing between workers and firms: firms pass through performance shocks to the earnings of their employees, a fact inconsistent with perfectly competitive labor markets. This fact can be rationalized by monopsonistic models of labor markets where firm market power arises from imperfect worker mobility. An untested implication of these models is that firms should use the information available to them to infer differences in mobility for their workers and engage in price discrimination, resulting in differences in rent sharing. In this paper I provide novel evidence for this prediction by studying coworking couples: married couples who share an employer. Using Norwegian administrative data, I quantify differences in the pass-through of idiosyncratic firm shocks to coworking couples, and find that women in coworking couples experience less generous rent sharing: at any given level of firm performance, they have lower income growth than their non-coworking counterparts. These differences result in large differences in household income dynamics: coworking couples face lower average income growth and higher income risk, with substantial consequences for welfare. Firms exploit the fact that coworking couples are less mobile in order to engage in less generous rent sharing agreements, which explain a substantial fraction of the observed difference in income growth and risk. In the second chapter, I study the importance of liquid savings for smoothing consumption in the face of income shocks. I take advantage of a unique institutional feature of certain US retirement accounts, including Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs): prior to the age of 59.5, withdrawals from these accounts are subject to an additional 10\% tax penalty to discourage early withdrawal. Thus, IRAs undergo a sharp and predictable change in liquidity at age 59.5. Using survey data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), I document 3 facts. First, annual withdrawals from IRAs increase sharply by \$1,500 on average after age 59.5. Second, households with low liquid wealth in the form of checking and savings deposits have the largest proportional increases in withdrawals. Finally, IRA withdrawals increase in response to falls in income, but only for those with low liquid wealth. Using consumption data from the CAMS supplement to the HRS, I quantify how the increased liquidity of IRAs after age 59.5 helps households insure consumption against income shocks. In the third chapter, I study how workers of different skill levels are differentially affected by sudden job displacement events. Through a framework of general and occupation-specific human capital, I study the potential labor market consequences of a technology shock such as AI which displaces workers in high-skill occupations. Workers with high general human capital can partially insure themselves against job loss by switching occupations, but they also tend to be employed in occupations with high returns to specific human capital, meaning that their potential losses are much larger. To evaluate the relative size of these two forces, I specify and estimate a dynamic model of occupational choice, and use it to analyze the impact of a hypothetical job-destroying technology shock to high-skill occupations. Despite finding substantial ability of high skill workers to cushion the shock by switching occupations, the model predicts that a 40\% increase in the job destruction rate in high skill occupations results in average earnings losses of 2.4 to 5.4\% for workers in these occupations. These losses are substantially larger than the losses from an analogous shock in low skill occupations. In the fourth chapter, I document and seek to explain a novel fact about gender differences in the cyclicality of unemployment. Using historical Current Population Survey data, I show that after 1979, male unemployment became significantly more cyclical than female. I hypothesize that the reason for this increase is the drastic decline in male unionization rates from the 1980s to the present. I leverage the passage of right-to-work laws in 7 states that weakened the power of unions to test this hypothesis, and find mixed results. However, I also take advantage of the limited panel dimension of the CPS to directly compare the unemployment cyclicality of unionized and non-unionized workers. I show that due to the drastic decrease in male unionization relative to female, even a small difference in union cyclicality can explain a great deal of the gender unemployment cyclicality gap.

Download or read book Essays on Labor and Family Economics in China written by Lei Lei and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Family and Labor Economics written by Katarina Richardson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Empirical Health Labor and Family Economics written by Anna Hammerschmid and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Household and Family Economics written by Paul L. Menchik and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a compilation of essays by prominent economists in the area of household and family economics. The volume attempts to cover some areas in the field and focuses on topics such as income determination and the intergenerational transmission of income generation, the changing role of women in the labor force, fertility, and income tax treatment of the family. Each essay is followed by a discussion of part, or all, of its contents.

Download or read book Essays in Family and Labour Economics written by Yiyang Luo and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Family and Labour Economics written by Emanuele Ciani and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Labor Economics written by Guy Michaels (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) The increased demand for clerks likely contributed to the subsequent onset of the High School Movement. Interestingly, recent changes in IT have enabled firms to substitute computers for clerks, and I find evidence that this substitution occurred at a faster rate in more complex industries. The third chapter, coauthored with Liz Ananat, examines the effect of marital breakup on the economic outcomes of women with children. We find that having a female firstborn child increases the probability that a woman's first marriage ends in divorce. Using this exogenous variation we find that divorce has little effect on a woman's average household income, but it does increase the probability that her household ends up in the lowest income quartile. While women partially offset the loss of spousal earnings by receiving more child support and welfare, combining households, and increasing their labor supply, divorce still increases the odds of household poverty.

Download or read book Essays in Labour Economics and Economics of the Family written by Teresa Schildmann and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Labor Economics written by Sunha Myong and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapter 1: Need-Based Aid from Selective Universities and the Achievement Gap between the Rich and Poor I study the role of need-based aid from selective universities in closing the achievement gap between the rich and poor high school students. I focus on the incentive aspect of need-based aid that can change high school student's effort choices. The impact of increasing need-based aid depends on the extent of borrowing constraints and how competition affects the relative performance of low- and high-income students. I develop a structural model of students' learning, application, and admission processes, and estimate it with the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002, a nationally representative sample. I control for other types of barriers for low-income students such as a lack of information or low high school quality. I use a geographic variation in costs of attending home-state nonselective universities to control selection biases driven by an unobservable characteristic correlated with family income. I find that 6.9% of high-ability low-income students do not apply to selective universities because of borrowing constraints. If selective universities double the amount of grants per attending student from the bottom quintile of the income distribution, the effort gap, as measured by the number of Advanced Placement (AP) classes taken, decreases by 33.4%, the achievement gap, as measured by the SAT score, by 20.2%, and the wage gap by 10.2% among students with the initial test scores in the top 20th percentile in 10th grade. The aggregate achievement score also increases because elevated competition raises the effort level of high-ability applicants from all income backgrounds. Chapter 2: Returns to College Education for Women, Assortative Marriage Matching, and Home Production I estimate returns to college education for women, accounting for how assortative marriage matching and the home production affect labor supply and fertility choice, based on the National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979 and the NLSY79 Child/Young Adults 1986-2012. First, the gain from home production, as measured by the average educational outcome of children, explains more than 80% of the total return. The direct impact of women's college education on children's outcome is much larger than the indirect effect through the household income and time investment. Women's college attainment rates would decrease by 8% without assortative marriage matching and by 17% without the direct impact on children's educational attainment. Second, assortative marriage matching accounts for 21% of returns to college education for women with average characteristics. High-ability students benefit more from the assortative marriage matching than low-ability students. For low-ability students, assortative marriage matching increases the inequality in college attainment rates by family backgrounds. Finally, women's labor force participation rates would increase by 24% if the marginal productivity of household income on children's outcome increases by 10%. As a comparison, if the wage structure of women were to be the same as men, the labor force participation rate would increase by 8%.