Download or read book Essays on Institutional Ownership and Tax Avoidance written by Simone Traini and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Institutional Investors and Income Taxes written by Spencer Conley Usrey and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation investigates the role of institutional investors in capital market tax studies. Specifically, this studies examines how institutional investors influence firms' cost of capital and financing decisions following changes in personal tax rates on debt and equity income. The dissertation is organized into three essays that examine these topics. The first two essays examine tax rate changes in 1997 and 2003 that reduced the personal tax rates on interest, capital gains and dividends. Essay 3 summarizes relevant literature involving institutional investors and capital market tax studies. Essay 1 investigates whether differences between the tax liabilities of the underlying shareholders of institutional investors affect firms' capital structures and decisions to issue debt versus equity following changes in tax rates on investment income received by individuals. The study predicts that firms with high concentrations of tax disadvantaged institutional investors (institutions whose underlying shareholders are taxable) will issue more equity relative to debt than those with high concentrations of tax-advantaged institutional investors (institutions whose underlying shareholders are not taxable). The results find that the financing decisions of firms with high levels of tax-disadvantaged institutional investors are influenced by changes in individual tax rates. Essay 2 investigates whether differences in the tax attributes of the underlying shareholders of institutional investors influences the impact of equity tax rate changes on a firm's cost of equity. The study examines a sample period of two years (eight quarters) around the enactment of the 1997 and 2003 Acts. The study finds that firms with high levels of tax-disadvantaged ownership experienced a decrease in their cost of equity capital following a decrease in the individual tax rate on capital gains. In addition, the interaction of the institutional investor dummy variable and a dummy variable indicating the observation is after the 2003 Act indicates that the cost of equity capital for firms with high levels of tax-disadvantaged ownership decreased following the 2003 Act. The results of Essays 1 and 2 provide evidence that institutional investors are not homogeneous with respect to their influence on firms' cost of capital and financing decisions following changes in individual tax rates.

Download or read book Corporate Tax Avoidance and Social Ir responsibility written by David Gremminger and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, companies have increasingly emphasized their commitment in the area of corporate social responsibility (CSR). In view of this development, it is striking that at the same time, large corporations, including some that otherwise portray themselves as particularly socially responsible, are caught evading taxes. This poses a conundrum and raises several questions that this dissertation aims to address. To this end, this thesis explores the effects of corporate tax behavior and consequences of socially (ir-)responsible behavior. A particular focus is on the role of media coverage in this context. The first paper (Chapter 2) finds that while media coverage of tax behavior does not affect abnormal stock returns, consumers notice and penalize brands that engage in tax avoidance, and trading activity increases in response to media coverage of tax avoidance, suggesting heterogeneous reactions across investors. The second paper (Chapter 3) shows that paying a higher tax rate can help mitigate the negative effects of socially irresponsible behavior on firm performance. The third paper (Chapter 4) demonstrates the potential of state-of-the-art topic modeling techniques by examining the media coverage of corporate tax behavior and the importance of tax avoidance reporting relative to other tax-related news. Overall, this thesis contributes to our understanding of the complex relationships between corporate behavior and its consequences, highlighting the importance of considering the perspectives of multiple stakeholders. In doing so, the thesis can hopefully inform the public discourse on how to adequately address the issue of corporate tax avoidance.

Download or read book Essays on Corporate Tax Planning and Corporate Tax Avoidance written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Institutional Ownership written by William C. Gerken and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Corporate Tax Avoidance Sustainability and Tax Transparency written by Sina Willkomm and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Corporate Governance and Tax Avoidance written by Modawi Fadoul and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Two Essays on Institutional Investors written by Hoang Huy Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of two essays investigating the trading by institutions and its impact on the stock market. In the first essay, I investigate why changes in institutional breadth predict return. I first show that changes in breadth are positively associated with abnormal returns over the following four quarters. I then demonstrate that this return predictability can be attributed to the information about the firms' future operating performance. When I examine different types of institutions independently, I find that the predictive power varies across the population of institutions. More specifically, institutions that follow active management style are better able to predict future returns than the passive institutions, and their predictive power appears to be associated with information about future earnings growth. These findings are consistent with the information hypothesis that changes in breadth of institutional ownership can predict return because they contain information about the fundamental value of firms. In the second essay, I examine institutional herding behavior and its impact on stock prices. I document that herds by institutions usually last for more than one quarter and that herds occur more frequently for small and medium size stocks. I find that after herds end, there are reversals in stocks returns for up to four quarters. The magnitude of reversals is positively related to the duration of herding, and negatively related to the price impact of current herding activity. This pattern in returns prevails for all sub-periods examined and is concentrated in small and medium size stocks. My findings suggest that institutional herding may destabilize stock prices.

Download or read book Essays on the Measurement of Corporate Tax Avoidance and the Effects of Tax Transparency written by Hubertus Wolff and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Institutional Investors and Corporate Governance written by Rasha Ashraf and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first essay analyzes mutual funds' proxy voting records on shareholder proposals. The results indicate that mutual funds support shareholder proposals and vote against management for proposals that are likely to increase shareholders' wealth and rights, in firms with weaker external monitoring mechanisms, in firms with entrenched management, and when funds have longer investment horizon. Mutual funds mostly take management sides on executive compensation related proposals, when they have higher ownership concentration, and when they belong to bigger fund families. The results further indicate that there is a positive reputational effect for the funds undertaking a monitoring role. Moreover, mutual funds reduce holdings when they disapprove of managements' policy, but before doing so they take on an activist role by supporting shareholder proposals. The second essay investigates institutional investors' trading behavior of acquiring firm stocks surrounding merger activities. We label investment companies and independent investment advisors as active institutions and banks, nonbank trusts and insurance companies as passive institutions. We find active institutions increase holdings of acquiring firm stocks for mergers with higher wealth implications. However, active institutions overreact to stock mergers at the announcement, which they appear to correct at the resolution quarter of the merger. The trading behavior of passive institutions suggests that these institutions disregard the market response of merger announcement in trading acquiring firm stocks at the announcement quarter. The passive institutions gradually update their beliefs and trade on the basis of merger wealth effect at the resolution quarter. The third essay examines relation between executive compensation structure with the existing level and changes of takeover defense mechanisms of firms. According to "managerial entrenchment hypothesis," higher managerial power from adoption of takeover defense mechanisms would lead to generating higher rents for executives. "Efficient contracting hypothesis" argue that higher anti-takeover provisions would contribute in achieving efficient contracting by deferring compensation into the future due to the low possibility of hostile takeover. The results support managerial entrenchment hypothesis with regard to existing level of takeover defense mechanisms. With regard to changes in anti-takeover provisions, the existing level of managerial power influence the future pay structure.

Download or read book The Effect of Foreign Institutional Ownership on Corporate Tax Avoidance written by Iftekhar Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Foreign Institutional Ownership on Corporate Tax Avoidance written by Iftekhar Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines whether foreign institutional investors (FIIs) help explain variation in corporate tax avoidance and whether mechanisms such as tax morality, investment horizon, and corporate governance underlie the relation between FIIs and tax avoidance. We find robust evidence that FIIs are negatively associated with corporate tax avoidance. Moreover, this negative association is dominated by FIIs from countries with high tax morality, FIIs with long-term investment horizons, and FIIs from countries with high corporate governance quality. We conclude that FIIs play an active role in shaping corporate tax avoidance policy.

Download or read book Institutional Ownership and Corporate Tax Avoidance written by Mozaffar Khan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide new evidence on the agency theory of corporate tax avoidance (Slemrod 2004; Crocker and Slemrod 2005; Chen and Chu 2005) by showing that increases in institutional ownership are associated with increases in tax avoidance. Using the Russell index reconstitution setting to isolate exogenous shocks to institutional ownership, and a regression discontinuity design that facilitates sharper identification of treatment effects, we find a significant and discontinuous increase in tax avoidance following Russell 2000 inclusion. The tax avoidance involves the use of tax shelters, and immediate benefits include higher profit margins and likelihood of meeting or beating analyst expectations. Collectively the results shed light on the effect of increased ownership concentration on tax avoidance.

Download or read book Three Essays on Corporate Governance and Institutional Investors written by Vyacheslav Fos and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation analyzes the role of institutional investors in corporate governance. The first essay studies the effect of potential proxy contests on corporate policies. I find that when the likelihood of a proxy contest increases, companies exhibit increases in leverage, dividends, and CEO turnover. In addition, companies decrease R&D, capital expenditures, stock repurchases, and executive compensation. Following these changes, there is an improvement in profitability. The second essay investigates the optimal contract with an informed money manager. Motivated by simple structure of portfolio managers' compensation and complex risk structure of returns, I show that it may be optimal for the principal to stay unaware about the true risk structure of returns. The third essay analyzes the biases related to self-reporting in the hedge funds databases by matching the quarterly equity holdings of a complete list of 13F-filing hedge fund companies to the union of five major commercial databases of self-reporting hedge funds between 1980 and 2008.

Download or read book The Dynamics of Taxation written by Glen Loutzenhiser and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction : a tribute to professor Judith Freedman's outstanding career / Glen Loutzenhiser and Rita de la Feria -- Geoffrey and Elspeth Howe and the path towards independent taxation of husbands and wives : 1968-1980 / Glen Loutzenhiser -- Does an inheritance tax have a future? Practical options to consider / Emma Chamberlain -- Should the suggestion that ownership is a 'myth' have any implications for the structure of tax law? / Edwin Simpson -- Income taxation of small business : towards simplicity, neutrality and coherence / David G Duff -- Principles and practice of taxing small business / Stuart Adam and Helen Miller -- Dependent contractors in tax and employment law / Hugh Collins -- Tackling tax avoidance : the use and growth of statutory 'avoidance' language / Malcolm Gammie -- EU general anti-(tax) avoidance mechanisms / Rita de la Feria -- The concept of abuse of law in European taxation : a methodological and constitutional perspective / Wolfgang Schön -- Fiscal jurisdiction and multinational groups. A perspective from 'political right' / John Snape -- Reflections on the allowance for corporate equity after three decades / Michael P Devereux and John Vella -- The changing patterns of EU direct tax integration / Anzhela Cédelle -- The origins, development and future of zero-rating in the UK / Geoffrey Morse -- Drawing the boundaries of HMRC's discretion / Stephen Daly -- Trends in tax administration / Michael Walpole -- True and fair view and tax accounting / Andrés Báez Moreno.

Download or read book Essays on International Taxation written by Dhruv Sanghavi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiscally transparent entities and tax treaty eligibility Shefali Goradia Triangular cases – the neglected problem in tax treaty law Michael Lang Can tax treaty entitlement provisions for hybrid entities be refined? Dhruv Sanghavi Non-discrimination provisions in tax treaties Ajay Vohra Two to tango: a dance of substance and form Bijal Ajinkya Deconstructing Principal Purpose Test under Article 7 of MLI Mukesh Butani Preventing treaty abuse in the context of multilateral instrument Dinesh Kanabar and Saurabh Shah Taxation of digital economy – the journey, India and across the world Daksha Baxi Digitalisation of the economy: Our perspective on the OECD's Unified Approach Vikram Chand Reflections on the 2019 OECD proposal on Pillar One Guglielmo Maisto Implementation of BEPS and Amendments to Section 9 Radhakishan Rawal Public international law, object and purpose, MLI, BEPS and the OECD Model Tax Convention Clive M. Baxter Tax laws through a constitutional prism Arvind P. Datar Tax policy as a tool to enable impact investment and improve CSR targeting Meyyappan Nagappan and Nehal Binani Tax system design - an analysis of some design choices made by the Indian Income Tax Act, 1961 Shreya Rao Through the looking glass: resolving tax disputes by arbitration under a bilateral investment treaty H. David Rosenbloom

Download or read book Taxation written by Martin O'Neill and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to give a collective treatment of philosophical issues relating to tax. The tax system is central to the operation of states and to the ways in which states interact with individual citizens. Taxes are used by states to fund the provision of public goods and public services, to engage in direct or indirect forms of redistribution, and to mould the behaviour of individual citizens. As the contributors to this volume show, there are a number of pressing and thorny philosophical issues relating to the tax system, and these issues often connect in fascinating ways with foundational questions regarding property rights, public justification, democracy, state neutrality, stability, political psychology, and other moral and political issues. Many of these deep and fascinating philosophical questions about tax have not received as much sustained attention as they clearly merit. The aim of advancing the debate about tax in political philosophy has both general and more specific aspects, ranging across both over-arching issues regarding the tax system as a whole and more specific issues relating to particular forms of tax policy. Thinking clearly about tax is not an easy task, as much that is of central importance is missed if one proceeds at too great a level of abstraction, and issues of conceptual and normative importance often only come sharply into focus when viewed against real-world questions of implementation and feasibility. Serious philosophical work on the tax system will often therefore need to be interdisciplinary, and so the discussion in this book includes a number of scholars whose expertise spans across neighbouring disciplines to philosophy, including political science, economics, public policy, and law.