Download or read book Essays on Identification and Weak Identification written by Linchun Chen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My doctoral dissertation aims to study several issues on identification and weak identification, with applications in linear instrumental variables (IV) models and transformation models. Chapter 1 is joint with Patrik Guggenberger, Frank Kleibergen and Sophocles Mavroeidis, which considers tests of a simple null hypothesis on a subset of the coefficients of the exogenous and endogenous regressors in a single-equation linear IV model with potentially weak identification. Existing methods of subset inference (i) rely on the assumption that the parameters not under test are strongly identified, or (ii) are based on projection-type arguments. We show that under homoskedasticity the subset Anderson and Rubin (1949) test, which replaces unknown parameters by limited information maximum likelihood (LIML) estimates has correct asymptotic size without imposing additional identification assumptions, but that the corresponding subset Lagrange multiplier (LM) test is size distorted asymptotically. Subsequently, Chapter 2, joint with Qihui Chen and Patrik Guggenberger, derives the asymptotic size of the corresponding subset LM test, and shows it is size distorted. We provide the smallest nonrandom size corrected (SC) critical value that ensures that the resulting "SC subset LM test" has correct asymptotic size. We introduce an easy to implement generalized moment selection plug-in SC subset LM test ("GMS-PSC subset LM test" from now on) that uses a data-dependent critical value that gives correct asymptotic size. Chapter 3 focuses on transformation models. It provides sufficient conditions for transformation models with endogenous regressors H(Y) =X[beta]+U to be identified under conditional moment restrictions, E(U/Z)=0, where Z is the IV for X. Allowing observables (X, Y, Z) and unobservable U to be high-dimensional, we show that the assumption of completeness suffices for identification. Based on the identification results, we propose to apply the penalized sieve minimum distance estimator (ĥ[beta]̂ in Chen and Pouzo (2009) with possible shape constraints to estimate (ĥ[beta]̂. Demand model of differentiated products markets is considered as an application of transformation models, and we provide the identification and PSMD estimation results for its parameters.
Download or read book Essays in Weak Identification written by Isaiah Smith Andrews and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic researchers and policymakers need reliable tools both to estimate economic relationships and to measure the uncertainty surrounding their estimates. Unfortunately, economic data sometimes contains limited information useful for estimating relationships of interest. In such cases, the statistical techniques commonly used in applied economics can break down and fail to accurately reflect the level of uncertainty present in the data. If they rely on such tools, researchers and policymakers may come away with serious misconceptions about the precision and reliability of their estimates. Econometricians refer to models where the lack of information in the data causes common statistical techniques to break down as weakly identified. In this thesis, I examine several questions relating to weak identification. In the first chapter, I introduce the class of conditional linear combination tests. These tests control size under weak identification and have a number of optimality properties in a conditional problem. I suggest using minimax regret conditional linear combination tests and propose a computationally tractable class of tests that plug in an estimator for a nuisance parameter. In the second chapter, I consider the problem of detecting weak identification. When weak identification is a concern researchers frequently calculate confidence sets in two steps, first assessing the strength of identification and then deciding whether to use an identification-robust confidence set. Two-step procedures of this sort may generate highly misleading confidence sets, and I demonstrate that two-step confidence sets based on the first stage F-statistic can have extremely poor coverage in linear instrumental variables models with heteroskedastic errors. I introduce a simple approach to detecting weak identification and constructing two-step confidence sets which controls coverage distortions. In the third chapter, joint with Anna Mikusheva, we consider minimum distance statistics and show that in a broad class of models the problem of testing under weak identification is closely related to the problem of testing a "curved null" in a finite-sample Gaussian model. Using the curvature of the model, we develop new finite-sample bounds on the distribution of minimum-distance statistics, which we show can be used to detect weak identification and to construct tests robust to weak identification.
Download or read book Essays on Weak Identification and Cointegrating Rank Selection written by Xu Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Weak Identification Model Selection and Hypothesis Testing in Econometrics written by Purevdorj Tuvaandorj and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis makes contributions to weak identification, modelselection and hypothesis testing in econometrics. It consists of thefollowing essays.In Chapter 1, we study likelihood-basedinference in models with possible identification failure. The results relyheavily on the properties of the mapping from structural parameters togeneralized reduced-form parameters (which are identified by construction).We establish an asymptotic chi-square bound on the likelihood ratio (LR)statistic for testing restrictions on the possibly unidentified structuralparameters with degrees of freedom equal to the dimension of the reducedform parameter vector through which the tested parameters enter thelikelihood function. We also propose pivotal C(alpha)-type statisticsthat are robust to potential identification failure and are flexible inincorporating a wide class of estimators of the (strongly identified)nuisance parameters. Furthermore, we develop a generalized version of theclassical Anderson-Rubin (AR)-type statistic in linear simultaneousequations and an identification-robust pretest-based inference procedure.In Chapter 2, we study the invariance properties of various test criteria which have been proposed for hypothesis testing in the context of incompletely specified models, such asmodels which are formulated in terms of estimating functions (Godambe, 1960, Ann. Math. Stat.) or moment conditions and are estimated bygeneralized method of moments (GMM) procedures (Hansen, 1982, Econometrica), and models estimated by pseudo-likelihood (Gourieroux,Monfort and Trognon, 1984, Econometrica) and M-estimation methods.The invariance properties considered include invariance to (possiblynonlinear) hypothesis reformulations and reparameterizations. The teststatistics examined include Wald-type, LR-type, LM-type, score-type, and C(alpha)-type criteria. In Chapter 3, we propose generalized C(alpha) tests for testing linear and nonlinear parameterrestrictions in models specified by estimating functions. The asymptotic distribution of theproposed statistic is established under weak regularity conditions. We show that earlierC(alpha)-type statistics are included as special cases. The problem of testing hypotheses fixinga subvector of the complete parameter vector of the model is discussed in detail. In Chapter 4, we consider conditional distribution and conditional density functionalsin the space of generalized functions. We obtain the limit of the kernel estimators for weakly dependent data, evenunder non-differentiability of the distribution function; the limit Gaussian process is characterizedas a stochastic random functional (random generalized function) on the suitablefunction space. An alternative simple to compute estimator based on the empirical distribution function is proposed for the generalized random functional. For test statistics based on this estimator, limit properties are established.Chapter 5, considers the issue of selecting the number of regressors and the numberof structural breaks in multivariate regression models in the possible presence of multiplestructural changes. We develop a modified Akaike's information criterion (AIC), amodified Mallows' Cp criterion and a modified Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Thepenalty terms in these criteria are shown to be different from the usual terms." --
Download or read book Identification and Inference for Econometric Models written by Donald W. K. Andrews and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-17 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2005 collection pushed forward the research frontier in four areas of theoretical econometrics.
Download or read book Essays on Weak Identification in High dimensional Models with Applications in Macroeconomics written by Max-Sebastian Dovì and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Forecast Evaluation Under General Loss Functions written by Carlos Capistran Carmona and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identification and Inference for Econometric Models written by Donald W. K. Andrews and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-07-04 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2005 volume contains the papers presented in honor of the lifelong achievements of Thomas J. Rothenberg on the occasion of his retirement. The authors of the chapters include many of the leading econometricians of our day, and the chapters address topics of current research significance in econometric theory. The chapters cover four themes: identification and efficient estimation in econometrics, asymptotic approximations to the distributions of econometric estimators and tests, inference involving potentially nonstationary time series, such as processes that might have a unit autoregressive root, and nonparametric and semiparametric inference. Several of the chapters provide overviews and treatments of basic conceptual issues, while others advance our understanding of the properties of existing econometric procedures and/or propose others. Specific topics include identification in nonlinear models, inference with weak instruments, tests for nonstationary in time series and panel data, generalized empirical likelihood estimation, and the bootstrap.
Download or read book Essays on Identification in Linear IV Models written by Chen Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation includes two chapters on identifications in linear IV models. Chapter 1: the exogeneity assumption in instrumental variable (IV) regressions is too strong in some empirical applications. A small deviation from the assumption would lead many classical tests to have distorted asymptotic sizes. Thus, the inferences derived from the exogeneity assumption can be subject to critique. For their reason, this paper introduces a new inference method for the structural parameter in linear IV regressions. The method is robust to local deviations of the exogeneity assumption and as powerful as the Wald test when exogeneity holds. To do so, the paper introduces a partial identification approach that only assumes that the covariance between the instruments and the unobservables is in a prespecified set. Based on this assumption, the paper proposes a cone-based (CB) test and shows that (i) the test has correct asymptotic size, and (ii) the test is asymptotically equivalent to the Wald test when the identified set shrinks to a singleton at a rate faster than root n. The paper then examines the linear IV regression model in Conely, Hansen, and Rossi (2012) and shows that the confidence interval constructed by the CB test is asymptotically smaller than the one in that paper. Finally, the paper demonstrates the performance of the CB test through Monte Carlo studies and two empirical applications. Chapter 2: weak IV is often a great concern in empirical research. While there are many weak IV robust inference methods for testing hypothesis about the structural parameters in the linear IV models, there is no clear power ranking among these methods. This chapter introduces a new conditional likelihood ratio (CLR) type test in linear IV regression models. In the chapter, we show that the proposed test has correct asymptotic size in the parameter space allowing for Kronecker Product structure covariance matrices; the test is asymptotically similar and rotationally invariant; the test is nearly uniformly most powerful among a class of invariant similar tests in the parameter space that allows for Kronecker product covariance matrices. In Monte Carlo studies, we show that the test: (i) performs very close to Moreira's CLR test under homoskedasticity; (ii) the test has correct null rejection probability in a larger parameter space that allows for Kronecker product covariance matrix while the original Moreira's CLR test overrejects. (iii) The test performs very close to the heteroskedasticity-- robust AR test under weak IV, but it outperforms the heteroskedasticity-- robust AR test when the model is overidentified and identification is strong.
Download or read book Essays on Descartes written by Paul Hoffman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-17 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of Paul Hoffman's wide-ranging essays on Descartes composed over the past twenty-five years. The essays in Part I include his celebrated "The Unity of Descartes' Man," in which he argues that Descartes accepts the Aristotelian view that soul and body are related as form to matter and that the human being is a substance; a series of subsequent essays elaborating on this interpretation and defending it against objections; and an essay on Descartes' theory of distinction. In the essays in Part II he argues that Descartes retains the Aristotelian theory of causation according to which an agent's action is the same as the passion it brings about, and explains the significance of this doctrine for understanding Descartes' dualism and physics. In the essays in Part III he argues that Descartes accepts the Aristotelian theory of cognition according to which perception is possible because things that exist in the world are also capable of a different way of existing in the soul, and he shows how this theory figures in Descartes' account of misrepresentation and in the controversy over whether Descartes is a direct realist or a representationalist. The essays in Part IV examine Descartes' theory of the passions of the soul: their definition; their effect on our happiness, virtue, and freedom; and methods of controlling them.
Download or read book The Structured Essay written by Mary Michael Spangler and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2002-03-18 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Quality Instruction and Intervention Strategies for Secondary Educators written by Brittany L. Hott and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-03-17 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quality Instruction and Intervention Strategies for Secondary Educators offers a summary of evidence-based instruction followed by the most up-to-date empirically validated interventions for students with and at risk for disabilities in grades 6–12. Featuring key questions, case studies, essential vocabulary, and tools that can be used in the classroom, this practical text is ideal for pre- and in-service teachers. After reading this book, general and special educators alike will be able to describe the components of effective instruction and intervention in each of the content areas (reading, mathematics, writing, science, and social studies), access empirically validated materials, and locate resources for continued learning
Download or read book Selected Essays written by William Troy and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1967 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes critical essays on Henry James, Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, Gertrude Stein, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Stendhal, Balzac, Marcel Proust, Andre Malraux, Paul Valery, Thomas Mann, William Shakespeare (Antony and Cleopatra), and other topics.
Download or read book Cliffsnotes AP English Language and Composition 5th Edition written by Barbara V. Swovelin and published by Cliffs Notes. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Your complete guide to a higher score on the AP English Language and Composition Exam" --
Download or read book Complete Guide to College Application Essays written by The Princeton Review and published by Princeton Review. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE COLLEGE APPLICATION ESSAY, MADE EASY. This user-friendly guide gives struggling students the step-by-step writing help they need to perfect the writing on their college applications, from the all-important personal essays to the supplemental material like short answer questions and resumes. Applying to college can be overwhelming, especially when it comes to crafting the perfect application. There’s a lot of pressure to submit something unique and cohesive. This book takes you from blank page to submitted application with step-by-step guidance on the most effective ways to complete this daunting process! We’ve packed these pages with practical exercises and annotated samples that model good and bad techniques, and included tips from real admissions officers. This complete guide provides: • A firsthand look into different review processes, plus editing guidelines to help you think like an essay reader • Step-by-step methods for breaking down a prompt • Brainstorming techniques to help you find the right story to share • Tried-and-true advice to get you outlining and drafting your essay with confidence • Annotated essays to demonstrate writing dos and don’ts • Guidance on additional written content (like short answer questions and resumes) for a completely polished application
Download or read book Econometric Essays on Identification and Inference in the Simultaneous Equations Model with Weak Instruments written by Jabonn Kim and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Econometrics written by Laura Chioda and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
