Download or read book Essays on Energy Economics Advanced Modeling Approaches and Policy Analysis written by Lin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy Policy Modeling in the 21st Century written by Hassan Qudrat-Ullah and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The roles and applications of various modeling approaches, aimed at improving the usefulness of energy policy models in public decision making, are covered by this book. The development, validation, and applications of system dynamics and agent-based models in service of energy policy design and assessment in the 21st century is a key focus. A number of modeling approaches and models for energy policy, with a particular focus on low-carbon economic development of regions and states are covered. Chapters on system dynamics methodology, model-based theory, fuzzy system dynamics frame-work, and optimization modeling approach are presented, along with several chapters on future research opportunities for the energy policy modeling community. The use of model-based analysis and scenarios in energy policy design and assessment has seen phenomenal growth during the past several decades. In recent years, renewed concerns about climate change and energy security have posed unique modeling challenges. By utilizing the validation techniques and procedures which are effectively demonstrated in these contributions, researchers and practitioners in energy systems domain can increase the appeal and acceptance of their policy models.

Download or read book Essays in Energy Economics and Climate Policy written by Daniel Cullenward and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As U.S. climate policy begins to emerge at the state and federal levels, new technological, economic, and legal challenges follow close behind. With the aim of contributing to effective, science-based climate policy, this dissertation portfolio draws on insights from energy economics and environmental law to address current policy debates. My research comprises two sets of projects. One category, which deals with national-level climate policy, focuses on front-end policy design choices and fundamental arguments over the merits of competing mitigation strategies. The other category addresses California's evolving climate policy regime, providing scientific and legal input into ongoing policy development processes. Both approaches demonstrate an expansion on conventional approaches to academic research, bridging the gap between applied and theoretical research in a way that graduate students from a range of backgrounds can adopt in their own work. PART I -- NATIONAL ENERGY DATA AND MODELING Projects in the first category integrate economic analysis and energy modeling to inform federal policy, which is just beginning to grapple with the climate challenge. Within this category, I explore two related problems: (1) the inadequacy of national energy data and (2) the challenges of using energy models to assess prospective climate policies. Data (Chapters 1-2): I identify significant conceptual mistakes that result from improperly extrapolating policy conclusions from semi-empirical energy consumption data. This issue is particularly important for research addressing the potential of energy efficiency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Because empirical energy data are so limited, many researchers rely on secondary data series to calibrate models or develop policy insights. My work shows how prominent criticisms of the potential for energy efficiency are based on major conceptual misunderstandings of the available data. Modeling (Chapters 3-4): My colleague Jordan Wilkerson and I set up a fully functioning copy of the U.S. Department of Energy's National Energy Modeling System (NEMS) at Stanford. In one study, we show how the model's treatment of end-use energy efficiency economics in the residential and commercial buildings sectors is driven in large part by non-price parameters. This finding has important implications for the model's ability to project energy efficiency responses to price-based policies, such as a carbon tax. Working with faculty in law and engineering, we also use NEMS-Stanford to model the economic and environmental implications of a carbon fee-and-dividend bill introduced in the U.S. Senate in the spring of 2013. Our work breaks down the expected economic impacts across household income levels and census regions, offering the first distributional analysis of recent carbon tax proposals using the government's official energy model. PART II -- CLIMATE POLICY IN CALIFORNIA Projects in the second category focus on the climate policy regime in California, where regulators are in the process of implementing a comprehensive cap-and-trade system. I completed research on three related policy issues, working in close collaboration with Stanford's Environmental Law Clinic: (1) participation in a lawsuit, in which I defended the constitutionality of State regulators' use of lifecycle assessment methods, (2) the development of carbon offset protocols, and (3) the regulation of resource shuffling in the electricity sector, an issue that has important implications for the State's carbon market. Litigating science (Chapters 5-7): In December 2011, a federal court struck down part of California's climate policy as unconstitutional. The primary reason was that the judge found that the policy's use of lifecycle assessment methods impermissibly discriminated against interstate commerce, violating the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution. In response, my colleague David Weiskopf and I represented two groups of scientists on appeal to the Ninth Circuit, providing science-based arguments to address the legal questions in the case. Offset protocols (Chapters 8-9): California's climate law allows regulated entities to use carbon offsets to meet their emissions reduction targets, earning credit for actions taken to reduce emissions outside of the regulated system. Crucially, offset projects must be "additional" when compared against the counterfactual scenario that would have taken place in the absence of the offset project. This means that absent the financial incentive provided by the offset credit, the project activities would not otherwise have taken place. I wrote comment letters critiquing offset protocols for forestry projects in Mexico and coalmine methane destruction in the U.S., providing technical and legal analysis to improve the protocols' treatment of additionality. Resource shuffling (Chapter 10): State law requires its climate regulations to minimize leakage, which is defined as a reduction of emissions within the state system that is linked to a corresponding increase in emissions outside of the system. Yet the electricity sector is owned and operated across state boundaries, and thus readily subject to a form of leakage called resource shuffling. Resource shuffling occurs when companies in the electricity sector swap their contracts for high-emitting resources with low-emitting replacements, without any change in the physical operation of the electricity system. Because this kind of exchange creates leakage, the California Air Resources Board banned resource shuffling. Recently, however, the Board introduced draft rules that exempt many activities from the prohibition. My colleague David Weiskopf and I critique the State's proposed regulatory structure, showing how a creative lawyer could exploit loopholes to permit leakage in almost any situation. We present the fullest accounting to date for leakage risks associated with early divestment from out-of-state coal, which provides a significant amount of California's electricity supply. We find that if California companies are permitted to offload the emissions liability associated with these plants to companies that do not face reporting requirements under California's climate law, this could result in significant amounts of leakage--potentially even more leakage than the cumulative mitigation requirements expected under the cap-and-trade market through 2020. We also offer a fully developed proposal for revised regulations that expand compliance options while reducing the leakage risks we identify.

Download or read book Energy Policy Analysis and Modelling written by Mohan Munasinghe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy plays a crucial role in economic and social development. The analysis of energy issues and policy options is therefore a vital area of study. This book presents a hierarchical modeling scheme intended to support energy planning and policy analysis in developing countries. The authors examine the spreadsheet models, optimization models, and linear planning models that energy planners use, drawing illustrative case material from a number of countries throughout. Environmental considerations are also introduced into the analysis. The book will be of interest to students and practitioners of energy planning, and to those concerned with the wider development implications of energy policy.

Download or read book Recent Modelling Approaches in Applied Energy Economics written by O. Bjerkholt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: construction. Naturally, we are open to suggestions from all readers of, and contributors to, the series regarding its approach and content. Finally, I would like to thank all those who have helped the launch of this series. The encouraging response received from authors who have contributed the forthcoming volumes and from the subscribers to the series has indicated the need for such a publication. Homa Motamen-Scobi London December 1987 Preface In 1990 both OPEC and the OECD will celebrate their thirtieth anntvers aries. OPEC was founded - rather unnoticed - by oil-producing countries still struggling to gain control over national petroleum resources. Future members were still under colonial rule. The foremost aim of the new organization - years before it was able to make metropolitan newspaper headlines - was stabilizing oil prices. Stability in those days meant prevent ing oil prices from falling in real terms. The OECD was formed by mostly mature industrial economies marking the normalization of the postwar international economy after years of reconstruction, strict trade regulations, etc. The aim of the new organization was to promote 'the highest sustainable growth and employment' in member countries. Incidentally, 1960 was also the year which gave birth to a more loosely defined block in the world community, namely the underdeveloped countries, qS the African colonial empires finally broke up. The two organizations became adversaries in the 1970s in the power struggle over the energy flows of the world.

Download or read book Essays in the Multi sectoral Economic Modelling of Energy Technologies and Policies written by Grant Jordan Allan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy policy goals across many countries and regions seek to achieve multiple goals simultaneously, including to reduce emissions, improve energy security and enhance energy affordability. A further goal is that energy policy should make a positive contribution to economic development of the area, or that (at least) energy policy changes should not worsen economic outcomes. It is the contention of this thesis is that ex ante multi-sectoral economic modelling approaches - specifically, Input-Output (IO), Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) analysis - can usefully explore the potential economic and environmental consequences of energy technologies and policies. Specifically, these models can assist in identifying and quantifying the impact of policies on the competing goals of energy policy, and so improve the design of appropriate energy policy. The thesis consists of six papers which apply multi-sectoral modelling approaches, all of which were published in peer-reviewed academic journals between 2007 and 2015 (inclusive). Each paper describes and/or extends multi-sectoral empirical economic analysis and modelling. The applications range from specific energy technologies - an onshore windfarm development, biofuels and developments in marine renewable energy technology - to potential energy policies - a (revenue-neutral) carbon tax and improvements in the efficiency of energy in production. This thesis explores the fundamental characteristics, assumptions and uses of "fixed" and "flex-" price models. Working sequentially from IO and SAM to CGE methods, it explores the particular strengths, weaknesses and usefulness of each of these modelling approaches, and explains the contribution of the papers included in this PhD by published works to the academic literature and pertinent policy issues.

Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Brookhaven Integrated Energy economy Modeling System and Its Use in Conservation Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The approach used at BNL to model the impact of the introduction of advanced energy technologies in response to increased energy prices has been to link econometric, process, and input-output models. The econometric model generates growth, employment, productivity, inflation, final demand, and price-determined input-output coefficients for a ten-sector interindustry model. The outputs from the six energy sectors are used to drive a national energy process model which supplies energy prices, fuel mix, and energy capital requirements to the econometric model. The four nonenergy final demands from the econometric model are disaggregated and used with the energy demands from the process model to drive a 110-sector input-output model. The nonenergy coefficients in the input-output model are fixed, but the energy coefficients are variable - reflecting the technologies chosen by the solution of the process model. Coefficients representing advanced-energy-technology production functions have been incorporated in the input-output structure. This approach is briefly described, and three applications of this set of linked models are presented: (1) reports the findings of a study of the effects of various levels of conservation on the rate of growth in GNP and other economic indicators; (2) describes an application of the linked models to an accelerated solar-technology scenario, focusing on the long-run macroeconomic impacts of increased solar utilization; and (3) currently in progress, examines the robustness of two policies (a supply and a demand policy) and their effect on the penetration of renewable technologies across a range of reference cases designed to capture several of the uncertainties faced by decision makers. 63 references.

Download or read book Advanced Technologies in Energy economy Models for Climate Change Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerations regarding the roles of advanced technologies are crucial in energy-economic modeling, as these technologies, while usually not yet commercially viable, could substitute for fossil energy when relevant policies are in place. To improve the representation of the penetration of advanced technologies, we present a formulation that is parameterized based on observations, while capturing elements of rent and real cost increases if high demand suddenly appears due to large policy shock. The formulation is applied to a global economy-wide model to study the roles of low carbon alternatives in the power sector. While other modeling approaches often adopt specific constraints on expansion, our approach is based on the assumption and observation that these constraints are not absolute -- the rate at which advanced technologies will expand is endogenous to economic incentives. The policy simulations are designed to illustrate the response under sudden increased demand for the advanced technologies, and are not intended to represent necessarily realistic price paths for greenhouse gas emissions.

Download or read book Modeling Energy economy Interactions written by Charles Johnston Hitch and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advanced Modeling Approaches for Electricity Market and System Analysis written by Thomas Sebastian Kallabis and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Energy Economics Research written by Ning Lin (doctor of economics.) and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first chapter, I examine a variety of the factors that affect the price and demand of natural gas. Prior natural gas price research approaches utilized well-defined time series models. I have taken these historical approaches and explored an alternative approach to estimating the model- defined equilibrium market price based on the market clearing condition. Assuming that the natural gas market is a relatively efficient market, the market equilibrium price induced by the model should track the observed market price. A two-step estimation process includes - reduced formed regression estimations for each market component in the material balance equation, and solves for the market balance equation with identified coefficients and parameters for the market equilibrium price. The model results track the market price quite well, in both one period ahead forecasts and a simulated 36 months forecast case. The second chapter in the series "The Game that Drives the LNG Train" analyzes the strategies and decisions of major oil companies' on selecting regasification terminal sites for importing liquefied natural gas (LNG) along North American coastlines and delivery of regasified gas into regional domestic markets. Each participating firm's decision is extensive and complex, involving multi-years of capital and human investments. Furthermore, fierce competition exists among firms procuring LNG cargos and servicing the same set of demand areas, i.e. the North America market. This paper will attempt to condense the whole strategy and decision-making process into a simplified multistage model. The model will focus on exploring the strategic elements of decisions for each participant firm in the competition through a game-theory lens. Exteding from previous work on tying, the third chapter seeks a more structured result on the relationship of pre-commitment and exclusion due to tying under a Hotelling framework. A three-stage model is set up, which includes a conditional pre-commitment stage and an entry decision stage preceding the third stage of pricing competition. The paper concludes that: first, exclusion is possible even with zero fixed cost, and it is executed by conditional pre-commitment of tying upon entry. Second, conditional pre-commitment of tying only occurs if entry can be excluded, otherwise, tying is not profitable as independent pricing upon entry.

Download or read book MATHEMATICAL MODELS Volume II written by Jerzy A. Filar and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-09-19 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical Models is a component of Encyclopedia of Mathematical Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Mathematical Models discusses matters of great relevance to our world such as: Basic Principles of Mathematical Modeling; Mathematical Models in Water Sciences; Mathematical Models in Energy Sciences; Mathematical Models of Climate and Global Change; Infiltration and Ponding; Mathematical Models of Biology; Mathematical Models in Medicine and Public Health; Mathematical Models of Society and Development. These three volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.

Download or read book Essays in Energy Economics and Policy written by Céline Ramseier and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Modeling Energy economy Interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy Economics and Climate Policy Modeling written by Zhimin Huang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Sustainable Food written by Nicoletta Batini and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics of Sustainable Food details the true cost of food for people and the planet. It illustrates how to transform our broken system, alleviating its severe financial and human burden. The key is smart macroeconomic policy that moves us toward methods that protect the environment like regenerative land and sea farming, low-impact urban farming, and alternative protein farming, and toward healthy diets. The book's multidisciplinary team of authors lay out detailed fiscal and trade policies, as well as structural reforms, to achieve those goals. Chapters discuss strategies to make food production sustainable, nutritious, and fair, ranging from taxes and spending to education, labor market, health care, and pension reforms, alongside regulation in cases where market incentives are unlikely to work or to work fast enough. The authors carefully consider the different needs of more and less advanced economies, balancing economic development and sustainability goals. Case studies showcase successful strategies from around the world, such as taxing foods with a high carbon footprint, financing ecosystems mapping and conservation to meet scientific targets for healthy biomes permanency, subsidizing sustainable land and sea farming, reforming health systems to move away from sick care to preventive, nutrition-based care, and providing schools with matching funds to purchase local organic produce.--Amazon.