Download or read book Essays in Public Economics written by Matias Giaccobasso Amorena and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is comprised of a series of essays in public economics, development economics, labor economics, and behavioral economics, that provide a comprehensive illustration of the core of my research agenda. In the first paper, Ifocus on the transfer side of public economics. More specifically, I study the effects of a cash transfer program on individuals' transition to adulthood. In the second and third papers, I focus on the taxation side of public economics. In the second paper, I focus on top-income earners and how they react to a change in the top personal income tax rates. Finally, in the third paper, I focus on how individuals make their tax compliance decisions, in particular, in the role of tax morale mechanisms. Collectively, this series of essays contribute to building our understanding of how individuals interact with tax and transfer policies. Empirical evidence on these interactions are key inputs for the discussion of optimal policy design.
Download or read book Essays in Public Economics and Labor Economics written by Sebastian Seitz and published by . This book was released on 2022* with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Public and Labor Economics written by Hee-Seung Yang and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three empirical papers exploring policy-relevant questions in Public Finance and Labor Economics. In particular, it inquires into social insurance programs, the purpose of which is to protect individuals against adverse events. More generous benefits, however, often lead to unintended behavioral responses even as they provide greater protection. This dissertation focuses on identifying and quantifying the distortionary effects of social insurance, providing an input to optimal design. The first chapter investigates the effect of Social Security dependent benefit provisions on the labor force participation of married women aged 25-54. Many provisions of the Social Security program may distort an individual's work incentive. In particular, the availability of dependent benefits may reduce the net return to work since secondary earners, who are likely to claim benefits based on their spouses' earnings records, pay the full payroll tax without receiving marginal benefits for additional earnings. I rely on differences in Social Security coverage among husbands by state and sector to identify the impact on the labor supply of their wives. The results show that married women tend to reduce their labor supply when dependent benefits are available, suggesting that changes in the Social Security system that strengthen the relationship between earnings and benefits would have a positive effect on the labor supply of married women. The second chapter analyzes how Social Security dependent benefit provisions affect women's divorce behavior. Under the current Social Security system, a divorced woman is eligible to receive dependent benefits based on her ex-spouse's earnings record if her marriage lasted at least 10 years and she remains unmarried after divorce. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, I estimate a discrete time duration model of the probability of divorce. The results suggest that married women are likely to delay divorce to preserve the option of receiving dependent benefits if their marriages are near 10 years duration. This effect is stronger for women whose earnings are much lower than their husbands' or whose predicted remarriage probabilities are low, so are those most likely to value the option. The final chapter examines the effect of extended parental coverage on young adults' labor market choices. Young adults aged 19-29 are significantly less likely to have health insurance since most family insurance policies cut off dependents when they turn 19 or finish college. In recent years, several states have expanded eligibility to allow young adults as old as 30 to remain covered under their parents' employer-provided health insurance. For those who qualify for these benefits, the expansion of parental coverage partially reduces the value of being employed by a firm that provides health insurance since adult children can now get health insurance through another channel. We employ quasi-experimental variation in the timing and generosity of states' eligibility rules to identify the effect of the policy change on young adults' labor market choices. Our results suggest that the expansion of parental coverage increases the group coverage rate and reduces labor supply among young adults, particularly in full-time employment.
Download or read book Essays in Public and Labor Economics written by Frédéric Panier and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is composed of three empirical papers in the field of labor and public economics. The first paper uses historical data from the New-York Stock Exchange to investigate the importance of ethnic discrimination, ethnic networks and ethnic homophily in the field of finance. The second paper studies the role of parental insurance on the job search behavior of new entrants in the labor market. It also uses parental shocks around the time of the child's entry into the labor force as an instrument to test for the existence of persistent effects from a temporary increase in job search effort at the beginning of a worker's career. The third paper takes advantage of an important tax reform that took place in Belgium in 2006 to answer a longstanding question in the field of public economics and corporate finance: what is the role of corporate taxes in determining the observed levels of leverage among incorporated firms.
Download or read book Essays in Public and Labor Economics written by Margaret Elizabeth Brehm and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Public Economics written by Michael Chirico and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three chapters on topics in public economics. The first chapter examines the labor market for public school teachers in Wisconsin. By stitching together publicly available cross-sectional data to form a 20-year panel of teachers, I am able to replicate and extend the work of Hanushek, Kain and Rivkin who performed a similar analysis in Texas. The main takeaway is that teachers appear to select on wages, but that student characteristics appear more important in predicting teacher churn. In the second chapter, I present short-term analysis of a randomized-controlled trial designed to test the efficacy of active learning methods for teaching intermediate calculus to first-year college students. The results were in- conclusive, suggesting substantial heterogeneity in student preferences and aptitudes for different styles of learning. The final chapter presents the analysis of a large-scale randomized-controlled trial evaluating the potential for messaging-based nudges to elicit increased real estate tax compliance in Philadelphia. Our primary conclusions are that most proposed messaging strategies are indistinguishable from a plainly-worded reminder bill (the exception being consequentialist letters threatening repercussive action absent compliance), but that the saliency per se of a plainly-worded bill can induce late payers to remunerate more quickly.
Download or read book Essays in Public and Labor Economics written by Teodora Tsankova and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Labor and Public Economics written by Claudio Labanca and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores three topics in labor and public economics. Chapter 1 studies how coordination of hours among coworkers affects labor supply decisions and wage rates. Using rich data from Denmark we find that greater coordination of hours within firms is associated with higher wages, attenuated response to tax rate changes and spillover effects on hours worked by workers who are not directly affected by a tax change. Chapter 2 estimates the short-term effects of migration on employment of native workers in Italy using the exogenous, unanticipated and temporary migration resulting from the Arab Spring. I find significant and offsetting short-term effects across industries. The positive employment effects are consistent with a rise in sectoral employment operating through increased demand from immigrants. Both positive and negative effects on employment tend to dissipate over time. Chapter 3 uses rich data from Brazil to show evidence that exporters prepare to export by hiring workers from other exporters. We also show that poaching workers from other exporters is a strong predictor of various aspects of export-market success at the poaching firm.
Download or read book Labor Markets in Action written by Richard Barry Freeman and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Public and Labor Economics written by Rene Armando Crespin and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays, each using extensive data and rigorous empirical methods to investigate key questions within the fields of public and labor economics with a focus on socioeconomic and racial/ethnic inequality. In Chapter 1, I study how the social, learning, and working conditions (school climate) experienced by students, families, and teachers is valued by stakeholders. To study this question, I investigate how publicizing school climate information is capitalized into the housing market and how it affects the sorting of homebuyers from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Using a plausibly exogenous shock of school climate information in Chicago, I employ event studies and a difference-in-differences framework. I find that providing this information publicly leads to an increase in sales price for homes assigned to schools with better climate ratings. Additionally, I find that the information shock also attracts higher income homebuyers into neighborhoods with better climate schools. These initial effects dissipate over time, as information becomes less salient. The effects are consistent across different types of schools and neighborhoods. I find evidence that homebuyers value this dimension of school quality that has been understudied in the revealed preferences literature. In Chapter 2, I investigate how changing the odds of admissions to elite K-12 exam schools affects families' residential decisions. To do this, I leverage a natural experiment created by Chicago's place-based affirmative action policy, where neighborhoods across the city can experience exam school admissions benefits from year to year. I conduct difference-in-differences and event study analyses to compare changes in the outcomes of neighborhoods with varying odds of admissions shocks, before and after these shocks are revealed and implemented each application year. My findings offer evidence that families are willing to pay and, hence, strategize the place-based affirmative action admissions policy in Chicago. Therefore, under this current system, families are able to pay for better odds of admissions to elite exam schools. Furthermore, higher income and white families react more to these admissions benefits, which is the opposite of race- and place-based admissions policies' intentions to prioritize non-white and low-income students, respectively. In Chapter 3, I explore how local immigration enforcement policies can have demographic and economic impacts on local communities through effects on potential homebuyers' willingness to purchase homes. Using an event study and triple-difference framework, I find evidence that implementing local 287(g) partnerships led to large and statistically significant declines in the number of home loan applications by Latino applicants compared to non-Latino applicants. I find that the most intrusive enforcement model (Task Force) had the strongest detrimental effects of all the 287(g) models. Additionally, I demonstrate that studies that use the sample of counties that apply for and are rejected or accepted by ICE into 287(g) partnerships must be cautious and account for strong differences in trends between these counties.
Download or read book Essays in Public Economics written by Emilie Ann Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation is comprised of three chapters that largely focus on two broad themes: labor supply decisions and the provision of various forms of insurance, including unemployment insurance and health insurance. Many key public policies that seek to provide social safety nets and provide insurance coverage may influence individual labor supply choices. Correspondingly, new labor market opportunities may also alter how individuals interact with social programs and economic policies. In Chapter 1, I explore the implications of the recent growth in gig employment opportunities (e.g. Uber, Lyft, TaskRabbit, etc.) for individuals facing unemployment shocks. In Chapter 2, I quantify the implications of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) insurance expansions for three key stakeholders -- providers, patients, and taxpayers. In Chapter 3, I examine implications of the ACA on individuals' labor market outcomes.
Download or read book Essays in Public Finance and Labor Economics written by Sebastian Findeisen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Labor and Public Economics written by Jennifer Anne Graves and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Labor and Public Economics written by Simon Jäger and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three independent essays in labor and public economics. Chapter 1 presents evidence on how exogenous worker exits affect a firm's demand for incumbent workers and new hires. Using matched employer-employee data based on the universe of German social security records, I analyze the effects of unexpected worker deaths and show that these worker exits affect the remaining workers' wages and retention probabilities. Chapter 2 (with Peter Ganong) proposes a permutation test for the Regression Kink (RK) design. As a complement to standard RK inference, we propose that researchers construct a distribution of placebo estimates in regions with and without a policy kink and use this distribution to gauge statistical significance of RK estimates. Chapter 3 (with Johannes Abeler) analyzes a laboratory experiment to study how tax complexity affects the reaction to tax changes.
Download or read book Essays in Labor and Public Economics written by Susan Yeh and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The final chapter, joint with Cecilia E. Rouse, evaluates a learning communities experiment, which had goals of fostering student engagement and collaborative learning among at-risk students at a diverse two-year college. We find that the program improved academic achievement during the semester it was implemented, but most advantages disappeared in the following terms. The last section of the essay considers the role of motivational factors in explaining the program's impacts and, more directly, their effects on academic outcomes. We observe that perceiving a more engaging experience in the first semester of college does not necessarily translate to better performances afterwards.
Download or read book Three essays in labor and public economics written by Joshua M. Congdon-Hohman and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Public and Labor Economics written by Max Löffler and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
